City-wide Analysis of Electronic Health Records Reveals Gender and Age Biases in the Administration of Known Drug-Drug Interactions

The occurrence of drug-drug-interactions (DDI) from multiple drug dispensations is a serious problem, both for individuals and health-care systems, since patients with complications due to DDI are likely to reenter the system at a costlier level. We present a large-scale longitudinal study (18 months) of the DDI phenomenon at the primary- and secondary-care level using electronic health records (EHR) from the city of Blumenau in Southern Brazil (pop. $\approx 340,000$). We found that 181 distinct drug pairs known to interact were dispensed concomitantly to 12\% of the patients in the city's public health-care system. Further, 4\% of the patients were dispensed drug pairs that are likely to result in major adverse drug reactions (ADR)---with costs estimated to be much larger than previously reported in smaller studies. The large-scale analysis reveals that women have a 60\% increased risk of DDI as compared to men; the increase becomes 90\% when considering only DDI known to lead to major ADR. Furthermore, DDI risk increases substantially with age; patients aged 70-79 years have a 34\% risk of DDI when they are dispensed two or more drugs concomitantly. Interestingly, a statistical null model demonstrates that age- and female-specific risks from increased polypharmacy fail by far to explain the observed DDI risks in those populations, suggesting unknown social or biological causes. We also provide a network visualization of drugs and demographic factors that characterize the DDI phenomenon and demonstrate that accurate DDI prediction can be included in healthcare and public-health management, to reduce DDI-related ADR and costs

THE FEASIBILITY OF A BOXED BEEF FUTURES CONTRACT: HEDGING WHOLESALE BEEF CUTS

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of a new futures contract for hedging wholesale transactions in the beef industry based on the USDA boxed beef cutout index (BBCO). The results suggest the live cattle futures contract is not an adequate tool to manage the price risk of wholesale meat transactions in the beef industry. However, a futures contract based on the BBCO index might provide considerably more opportunities for the hedging of wholesale meat cut prices. A pattern of improved hedging effectiveness at more distant horizons also appears to emerge for the individual cuts of meat using the conditional hedge procedures. These results may be of particular interest to members of the meat industry with longer planning horizons, and more diversified transactions.hedge ratio, hedging effectiveness, boxed-beef cutout, wholesale beef prices, Marketing,

AECN 376-Rural Community Economics: Engaging Students in Learning

AECN376-Rural Community Economics attracts students with different economics background and interests. In the three previous years I taught this course I was struggling to find a balance in class activities to make the course more engaging and effective to all students. The usual method of delivery is lecture along with PowerPoint slides. While this is the dominant form of pedagogy, particularly in higher education (Harvard Magazine 2015, Time Magazine 2012), an increasing amount of research indicates that the somewhat passive learning environment of the lecture does not reach all students with the same efficiency. In creating this portfolio, my goals were to develop opportunities to increase student engagement in class and improve my teaching by creating stronger association between the things I wanted my students to learn and the assignments used to teach them. In addition I used students’ feedback provided by the midterm course evaluation as a reflection tool of my teaching practices, course design, and students’ perception of the course

Carbono e nitrogênio da biomassa e atividade microbiana em um solo cultivado com arroz irrigado orgânico e manejado com diferentes adubos verdes.

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The influence of family origin and socioeconomic variables on land use and deforestation of family lots in the Brazilian Amazon basin.

This article examines the influence of eleven independent variables (family origin, time of lot occupation, couple?s schooling, generational index, gender index, size of lot, land title, annual family income, access to rural credit, access to transportation to market the production, and access to electricity to benefit the production) on land use and deforestation of 2,555 family lots selected by the Brazilian federal policy denominated ?Social and Environmental Development of Rural Family Production Program? (Proambiente). The paper discusses six independent variables that demonstrated significant statistical influence on the deforestation of legal reserves of family lots: family origin, time of lot occupation, size of lot, annual family income, access to rural credit, access to transportation and access to electricity. This paper aims to provide data to the literature about land use and to collaborate with the improvement of governmental programs those combines agroecological transition and supply of environmental services to the global society

The use of abstraction concepts for representing and structuring documents

Due to the amount of documents available in modern offices, it is necessary to provide a multitude of methods for the structuring of knowledge, i.e., abstraction concepts. In order to achieve their uniform representation, such concepts should be considered in an integrated fashion to allow concise descriptions free of redundancy. In this paper, we present our approach towards an integration of methods of knowledge structuring. For this purpose, our view of abstraction concepts is briefly introduced using examples of the document world and compared with some existing systems. The main focus of this paper is to show the applicability of an integration of these abstraction concepts as well as their built-in reasoning facilities in supporting document processing and management

Integration of document representation, processing and management

This paper describes a way for document representation and proposes an approach towards an integrated document processing and management system. The approach has the intention to capture essentially freely structured documents, like those typically used in the office domain. The document analysis system ANASTASIL is capable to reveal the structure of complex paper documents, as well as logical objects within it, like receiver, footnote, date. Moreover, it facilitates the handling of the containing information. Analyzed documents are stored by the management system KRISYS that is connected to several different subsequent services. The described integrated system can be considered as an ideal extension of the human clerk, making his tasks in information processing easier. The symbolic representation of the analysis results allow an easy transformation in a given international standard, e.g., ODA/ODIF or SGML, and to interchange it via global network

Projeto de sistema de informação para o laboratório de microbiologia agrícola e ambiental da Embrapa Clima Temperado.

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Processamento mínimo de alface crespa.

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Características microbianas e degradação do pirazosulfuron-etil em um solo cultivado com arroz no sistema pré-germinado.

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