Prevalência de fatores de risco coronariano em praticantes de futebol recreacional

Verificar a prevalência dos fatores de risco coronariano em praticantes de futebol recreacional e comparar o risco coronariano de acordo com a faixa etária. Avaliaram- se 201 homens que praticavam futebol recreacionalmente, com idade média de 25.3 ± 6.0 anos. Todos responderam ao questionário RISKO, que é um questionário contendo 8 fatores de risco, sendo o risco coronariano representado pela soma dos escores obtidos nos 8 fatores de risco. O tratamento estatístico constou da exploração descritiva e da ANOVA oneway, com post hoc Tuckey, para comparação entre as faixas etárias. Adotou- se um nível de significância de p < 0.05. O escore médio de risco coronariano encontrado foi de 18.22 ± 3.49 pontos (12- 29 pontos), classificado como risco médio. Em relação às faixas etárias o risco coronariano médio obtido foi de: 16.58 ± 3.11 pontos para os indivíduos entre 18- 20 anos; 18.21 ± 3.08 pontos para aqueles entre 21- 30 anos; 20.58 ± 3.89 pontos para os sujeitos entre 31- 40 anos; e 21.00 ± 4.53 para aqueles com idade superior a 40 anos. Em relação a cada fator de risco isoladamente, as prevalências observadas, em ordem decrescente, foram: excesso de peso (44.78%), sedentarismo (38.31%), hipercolesterolemia (24.38%), tabagismo (17.41%), hereditariedade (12.94%) e hipertensão (8.46%). Os fatores de risco coronariano mais prevalentes nos praticantes de futebol recreacional foram o excesso de peso, o sedentarismo e a hipercolesterolemia, apresentando classificação de risco médio e crescimento com o aumento da idade, sobretudo após os 31 anos.Investigar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo coronario en jugadores recreacionales de fútbol y comparar el riesgo coronario según grupo de edad. Métodos: Se evaluaron 201 hombres que practicaban fútbol de forma recreativa, con edad media de 25.3 ± 6.0 años. Todos respondieron el cuestionario RISKO, que contiene 8 factores de riesgo y representándose el riesgo coronario por la suma de las puntuaciones obtenidas en los 8 factores. El análisis estadístico incluyó descripción de los datos y ANOVA one way, con post hoc Tukey, para comparaciones entre grupos de edad, con nivel de significación de p < 0.05. Se encontró una media de puntuación de riesgo coronario de 18.22 ± 3.49 puntos (12- 29 puntos), que se clasifica como riesgo medio. En cuanto a grupos de edad el riesgo coronario reportado fue de 16.58 ± 3.11 puntos para los individuos del grupo 18- 20 años, 18.21 ± 3.08 puntos para 21- 30 años, 20.58 ± 3.89 puntos para 31- 40 años, y 21.00 ± 4.53 para los mayores de 40 años. Para cada factor de riesgo, la prevalencia observada, en orden descendente, fue: sobrepeso (44.78%), inactividad física (38.31%), hipercolesterolemia (24.38%), tabaquismo (17.41%), herencia (12.94%) e hipertensión (8.46%). Los factores de riesgo coronario de mayor prevalencia en los jugadores recreacionales de fútbol fueron la inactividad física, el sobrepeso y la hipercolesterolemia, con una clasificación de riesgo medio y con aumento del riesgo con la edad, especialmente después de 31 años.To determine the prevalence of coronary risk factors in recreational soccer players and compare the coronary risk according to age. Methods: 201 men who practiced soccer recreationally eere evaluated, with a mean age of 25.26 ± 5.96 years. All individuals answered the questionnaire RISKO, which is a questionnaire containing eight risk factors. The coronary risk is represented by the sum of the scores obtained in the eight risk factors. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive exploration and one way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey, to compare coronary risk between age groups. We adopted a significance level of p < 0.05. The mean coronary risk was 18.22 ± 3.49 points (12- 29 points), classified as medium risk. Regarding age groups the mean coronary risk obtained was: 16.58 ± 3.11 points for individuals between 18 and 20 years; 18.21 ± 3.08 points for those between 21 and 30 years, 20.58 ± 3.89 points for subjects between 31 and 40 years, and 21.00 ± 4.53 for those aged over 40 years. For each risk factor, the prevalence observed in descending order, was: overweight (44.78%), physical inactivity (38.31%), hypercholesterolemia (24.38%), smoking (17.41%), inheritance (12.94%) and hypertension (8.46%). The coronary risk factors more prevalent in recreational soccer players were overweight, physical inactivity and hypercholesterolemia, showing increased with increasing age, especially after 31 years

Cardiopulmonary exercise test in patients with refractory angina: functional and ischemic evaluation

Objectives: Refractory angina (RA) is a chronic condition clinically characterized by low effort tolerance; therefore, physical stress testing is not usually requested for these patients. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is considered a gold standard examination for functional capacity evaluation, even in submaximal tests, and it has gained great prominence in detecting ischemia. The authors aimed to determine cardiorespiratory capacity by using the oxygen consumption efficiency slope (OUES) in patients with refractory angina. The authors also studied the O2&nbsp;pulse response by CPET and the association of ischemic changes with contractile modifications by exercise stress echocardiography (ESE). Methods: Thirty-one patients of both sexes, aged&nbsp;45&nbsp;to&nbsp;75&nbsp;years, with symptomatic (Canadian Cardiovascular Society class&nbsp;II to&nbsp;IV) angina who underwent CPET on a treadmill and exercise stress echocardiography on a lower limb cycle ergometer were studied. ClinicalTrials.gov:&nbsp;NCT03218891. Results: The patients had low cardiorespiratory capacity (OUES of&nbsp;1.74 ± 0.4&nbsp;L/min; 63.9±14.7% of predicted), and 77% of patients had a flattening or drop in O2&nbsp;pulse response. There was a direct association between Heart Rate (HR) at the onset of myocardial ischemia detected by ESE and HR at the onset of flattening or drop in oxygen pulse response detected by CPET (R&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.48; p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.019). Conclusion: Patients with refractory angina demonstrate low cardiorespiratory capacity. CPET shows good sensitivity for detecting abnormal cardiovascular response in these patients with a significant relationship between flattening O2&nbsp;pulse response during CEPT and contractile alterations detected by exercise stress echocardiography

Status of the SIRGAS reference frame: recent developments and new challenges

In accordance with recent developments of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and the policies promoted by the Subcommittee on Geodesy of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM), a main goal of the Geodetic Reference System for the Americas (SIRGAS) is the procurement of an integrated regional reference frame. This frame should support the precise determination of geocentric coordinates and also provide a unified physical reference frame for gravimetry, physical heights, and a geoid. The geometric reference frame is determined by a network of about 500 continuously operating GNSS stations, which are routinely processed by ten analysis centers. The GNSS solutions from the analysis centers are used to generate weekly station positions aligned to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) and multi-year (cumulative) reference frame solutions. This processing is also the basis for the generation of precise tropospheric zenith path delays with an hourly sampling rate over the Americas. The reference frame for the determination of physical heights is a regional densification of the International Height Reference Frame (IHRF). Current efforts focus on the estimation and evaluation of potential values obtained from high resolution gravity field modelling, an activity tightly coupled with geoid determination. The gravity reference frame aims to be a regional densification of the International Terrestrial Gravity Reference Frame (ITGRF). Thus, SIRGAS activities are focused on evaluating the quality of existing absolute gravity stations and to identify regional gaps where additional absolute gravity stations are needed. Another main goal of SIRGAS is to promote the use of its geodetic reference frame at the national level and to support capacity building activities in the region. This paper summarizes key milestones in the establishment and maintenance of the SIRGAS reference frame and discusses current efforts and future challenges.Fil: Alves Costa, Sonia M.. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia E Estatística; BrasilFil: Sanchez, Laura. Technische Universität München; AlemaniaFil: Piñon, Diego. Ministerio de Defensa. Instituto Geografico Nacional; ArgentinaFil: Tarrio Mosquera, Jose A.. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ChileFil: Guimaraes, Gabriel. Universidade Federal de Uberlandia; BrasilFil: Demian Gomez. Ohio University; Estados UnidosFil: Drewes, Hermann. Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut; AlemaniaFil: Mackern Oberti, María Virginia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Antokoletz, Ezequiel Darío. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: de Matos, Ana C. O.C. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Blitzkow, Denizar. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasi

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time, and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space. While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes, vast areas of the tropics remain understudied. In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity, but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases. To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge, it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Prevalência de fatores de risco coronariano em praticantes de futebol recreacional

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência dos fatores de risco coronariano em praticantes de futebol recreacional e comparar o risco coronariano de acordo com a faixa etária. Métodos: Avaliaram‐se 201 homens que praticavam futebol recreacionalmente, com idade média de 25.3 ± 6.0 anos. Todos responderam ao questionário RISKO, que é um questionário contendo 8 fatores de risco, sendo o risco coronariano representado pela soma dos escores obtidos nos 8 fatores de risco. O tratamento estatístico constou da exploração descritiva e da ANOVA oneway, com post hoc Tuckey, para comparação entre as faixas etárias. Adotou‐se um nível de significância de p < 0.05. Resultados: O escore médio de risco coronariano encontrado foi de 18.22 ± 3.49 pontos (12‐29 pontos), classificado como risco médio. Em relação às faixas etárias o risco coronariano médio obtido foi de: 16.58 ± 3.11 pontos para os indivíduos entre 18‐20 anos; 18.21 ± 3.08 pontos para aqueles entre 21‐30 anos; 20.58 ± 3.89 pontos para os sujeitos entre 31‐40 anos; e 21.00 ± 4.53 para aqueles com idade superior a 40 anos. Em relação a cada fator de risco isoladamente, as prevalências observadas, em ordem decrescente, foram: excesso de peso (44.78%), sedentarismo (38.31%), hipercolesterolemia (24.38%), tabagismo (17.41%), hereditariedade (12.94%) e hipertensão (8.46%). Conclusão: Os fatores de risco coronariano mais prevalentes nos praticantes de futebol recreacional foram o excesso de peso, o sedentarismo e a hipercolesterolemia, apresentando classificação de risco médio e crescimento com o aumento da idade, sobretudo após os 31 anos

A Risk Analysis Method to Support Virtual Organization Partners’ Selection

Part 17: Risk AnalysisInternational audienceThe Virtual Organization (VO) concept has emerged as a promising form of collaboration among companies by providing a way of sharing their costs, benefits and risks when attending to demands. When manufacturing processes and physical distribution of products are involved, the process of VO creation demands the selection of both Logistic Partners and Industrial Partners. This VO composition requires several aspects to be considered to ensure the VO correct operation, synthesized in the form of risks. Proper risk analysis provides more solid means for managers to evaluate and further decide about the more suitable VO composition for a given business. This work presents an integrated and quantitative risk analysis method to support Partners’ Search and Selection process within the VO creation phase. A set of algorithms have been developed to measure the risk considering a number of risk categories and performance indicators. A general example is showed and results are discussed at the end