Trophic ecology of citrus pests based on stable isotope analysis

Macrodactylus pumilio Burm. (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae) and Naupactus cervinus (Boh.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are considered primary pests in citrus crops in Brazil, causing damage to plants and decreasing productivity. However, few studies investigate the ecology of these insects. In this context, the use of stable isotopes analysis (SIA) emerges as an alternative technique to conventional studies of behavioral ecology because it is faster and may explain feeding behavior based on the food source for each species. Field sampling and laboratory experiments were carried out to examine the changes of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) among pests and host plants (C3 citrus and C4 grasses), providing means to examine trophic interactions. Beetles were collected at the municipality of Gavião Peixoto, São Paulo State, identified and kept at 5 °C in saturated saline solution until the SIA. Two patterns for both species were found: δ13C value for N. cervinus was -23.6 ‰ and -13 ‰ for M. pumilio, indicating similarity between the results of δ13C of N. cervinus and citrus plants (-26 ‰) and dependence on grasses (-12 ‰) for M. pumilio individuals. The mean δ15N value was 4.3 and 5.8 ‰ for citrus plants and grass leaves, respectively, and the mean δ15N value was 4.4 ‰ for N. cervinus and 4.9 ‰ for M. pumilio. The results showed a higher affinity of N. cervinus for citrus roots since the larval stage compared with the alternative diet on M. pumilio

The Grizzly, October 5, 1993

Girls\u27 Pledging Returns Full-Force! • India Shattered by Earthquakes • Acting PA Governor Will Hold TV Town Meeting at Ursinus • Freshman to Compete in Karate\u27s World Cup • Henry Moore Exhibit Opens Today • Charles Fambrough Quintet to Play Ursinus • Editorial: Pledging; Wellness Center • Intramurals Begin: Sign Up! • Bears Crush Garnet Into Pebbleshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1320/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 9, 1993

Whitman Elected Governor • Pysch Conference Held at U.C. • Novack Wins Award • Hubbard Presents Shooting Back • POW-Turned-Artist Featured in Berman Exhibit • The Blenders: A Review • Literary Society • Never Discuss Politics or Religion at the Dinner Table • How CAB Gets Their Acts Together • In Defense of Greek Life, Part One • Letter to the Editor • Ursinus Hosts First Centennial Conference Seminar • Bears Kicked Late by Mules • Indoor Volleyball and Intramural Sportshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1324/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 12, 1993

The Truth Behind the Conspiracy • U.S. Involvement in Somalia • Homecoming 1993 • Dave Binder: A Tribute to James Taylor • In Other Words • Ursinus College: Altar to the God of Apathy? • Letter to the Editor • Bears Lose Toughhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1321/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 16, 1993

A Message From the Class of \u2797: The Freshmen Finally Surface • The Crunch is On • Fundraiser to Benefit Cancer Patients • Whitman Denies Allegations • Does Date Rape Exist at Ursinus? • ProTheatre to Present Henry Play • Freeze Tag and Organ Music? • Date Auction / Lease / Rental • Silenced by Shame • In Defense of Greek Life, Part Two • Anesthetizing of Literature • Bears Finish Stronghttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1325/thumbnail.jp

Radiação Ionizante na Agroindústria: Revisão sobre as vantagens, efeitos e possibilidades de uso em alimentos de origem vegetal no Brasilno Brasil

Pesquisas e desenvolvimento de métodos que objetivem a redução de perdas e aumento da oferta de alimentos seguros e de qualidade para uma população mundial em expansão são necessários. A irradiação de alimentos é uma alternativa viável para promover a conservação de produtos de origem vegetal, com as finalidades de redução da contaminação causada por microrganismos patogênicos, aumento de vida útil dos alimentos, retardo do amadurecimento e diminuição das perdas pós-colheita. Como tratamento fitossanitário, pode ser utilizada visando atender aos requisitos do mercado internacional e às barreiras quarentenárias impostas pelos países importadores, não deixando resíduos tóxicos nos alimentos e não alterando significativamente suas propriedades sensoriais. No entanto, esse método ainda é subutilizado e pouco difundido no Brasil, e maiores investimentos são necessários para explorar mercados na área, tornando os produtos agropecuários mais competitivos internacionalmente

The Grizzly, April 19, 1994

Erdrich Speaks of Cultural Struggles • Friendly Fire Over Iraq • Greeks Participate in Greek Week • U.S.G.A. Responds to Requests for a Wismer Meal Plan • Tropical Conservationist to Speak at Ursinus • President John Bartholomew Speaks Again • Tuning in to Talk Radio • Bands to Perform Saturday • It\u27s Not a Matter of Dryness • Women\u27s Lacrosse Crushes Swarthmore; Falls to Johns Hopkins • Eagles Draft Preview • George White Named New Men\u27s Basketball Coach at Ursinushttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1336/thumbnail.jp

High Risk of Secondary Infections Following Thrombotic Complications in Patients With COVID-19

Background. This study’s primary aim was to evaluate the impact of thrombotic complications on the development of secondary infections. The secondary aim was to compare the etiology of secondary infections in patients with and without thrombotic complications. Methods. This was a cohort study (NCT04318366) of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients hospitalized at IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital between February 25 and June 30, 2020. Incidence rates (IRs) were calculated by univariable Poisson regression as the number of cases per 1000 person-days of follow-up (PDFU) with 95% confidence intervals. The cumulative incidence functions of secondary infections according to thrombotic complications were compared with Gray’s method accounting for competing risk of death. A multivariable Fine-Gray model was applied to assess factors associated with risk of secondary infections. Results. Overall, 109/904 patients had 176 secondary infections (IR, 10.0; 95% CI, 8.8–11.5; per 1000-PDFU). The IRs of secondary infections among patients with or without thrombotic complications were 15.0 (95% CI, 10.7–21.0) and 9.3 (95% CI, 7.9–11.0) per 1000-PDFU, respectively (P = .017). At multivariable analysis, thrombotic complications were associated with the development of secondary infections (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.788; 95% CI, 1.018–3.140; P = .043). The etiology of secondary infections was similar in patients with and without thrombotic complications. Conclusions. In patients with COVID-19, thrombotic complications were associated with a high risk of secondary infections