Entangling macroscopic diamonds at room temperature: Bounds on the continuous-spontaneous-localization parameters

A recent experiment [K. C. Lee et al., Science 334, 1253 (2011)] succeeded in detecting entanglement between two macroscopic specks of diamonds, separated by a macroscopic distance, at room temperature. This impressive results is a further confirmation of the validity of quantum theory in (at least parts of) the mesoscopic and macroscopic domain, and poses a challenge to collapse models, which predict a violation of the quantum superposition principle, which is the bigger the larger the system. We analyze the experiment in the light of such models. We will show that the bounds placed by experimental data are weaker than those coming from matter-wave interferometry and non-interferometric tests of collapse models.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, v2: close to the published version, LaTe

Engaruh Ekstrak Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia Hirta L.) Terhadap Hitung Eosinofil Darah Tepi Pada Mencit Model Asma Alergi

Asthma is characterized by both chronic inflammation and remodeling of the airways. Eosinophils may contribute to inflammation associated with bronchial asthma by causing tissue damage and subsequently organ dysfunction, but also by the generation of cytokines and lipid mediators. It was reported in previous studies that pharmacological activities were identified in various compounds extracted fromEuphorbia hirta L. such as antiinflammatory,histamine inhibitor, lipoxygenase inhibitor, anti-allergic and cyclooxygenase inhibitor. This study was aimed to determine the effect of E.hirtaextract onperipheral blood eosinophils count in mice model of allergic asthma. MaleBalb/C mice were sensitized and challenged intraperitoneally (i.p) with ovalbumin(OVA). Mice were immunized i.p. on days 1 and 14 with 2.5 mgof OVA adsorbed to 7.75ml of Aluminium hydroxide gel. OVA challenges (10 mgOVA in l ml of PBS) were administered aerosolly on days 21, 23, 25 and 27, andperipheral blood eosinophilscount was determinedon day 28.A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with LSDpost hocanalysis was used to determine significant differences. Results were expressed as mean+SEM, and values of p<0.05wereconsidered statistically significant. The results showed thatperipheral blood eosinophilscountin the OVA group was51.0+10.4cells/mm E. hirtaextract dose 500 mg/BW/day was30.2+6.3cells/mm3,E. hirtaextract dose 1,000 mg/BW/day was 30.4+6.0cells/mm and antihistamine group was32.2+8.6cells/mm respectively, whilecontrol mice showed46.6-8.8 cells/mm3. It was concluded that E. hirta extract could minimizeperipheralblood eosinophilscount

Vector Density and Sanitation in High Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Endemic Area in Tembalang District, Semarang, Central Java

Background: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a major public health problem in Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java. The cumulative incidence was reported to be 207.57/ 100,000 population by 2016. Aedes sp as a vector has an important role in the transmission of DHF in Tembalang District. This study aimed to describe vector density and sanitation indicators related to DHF incidence in Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study. A sample of 12 DHF endemic villages in Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, was selected for this study. The study variables were vector density, biological environment, and Maya index. The data were collected by observation and checklist. The data were described by percent. Results: The density of mosquito larvae in Tembalang was high with House Index (HI)= 21.17%, Container Index (CI)= 50%, and Breteau Index (BI)= 13.8%, respectively. Based on larvae density index, Tembalang had high risk in DHF transmission. Aedes albopictus was found in the study area. One third of all larvae found were Aedes aegypti. Tembalang had poor sanitation. Maya index indicated the level of cleanliness and sanitation. 23% of houses that fall in these categories had been infected with DHF. Conclusion: Tembalang has high risk in DHF transmission with poor sanitation. One third of all larvae found are Aedes aegypti. It is important to eradicate mosquito nest both indoor and outdoor, through active community participation. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Maya index, Aedes sp mosquit

Input-Output Relations in Optical Cavities: a Simple Point of View

In this work we present a very simple approach to input-output relations in optical cavities, limiting ourselves to one- and two-photon states of the field. After field quantization, we derive the non-unitary transformation between {\em Inside} and {\em Outside} annihilation and creation operators. Then we express the most general two-photon state generated by {\em Inside} creation operators, through base states generated by {\em Outside} creation operators. After renormalization of coefficients of inside two-photon state, we calculate the outside photon-number probability distribution in a general case. Finally we treat with some detail the single mode and symmetrical cavity case.Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures jpg, LaTe

Nova Sagittarii 1994 #1 (V4332 Sagittarii): The Discovery and Evolution of an Unusual Luminous Red Variable Star

We report photometry and spectroscopy of the evolution of Nova Sagittarii 1994 #1 (V4332 Sagittarii) during outburst. We compare the photometric and spectral evolution of this outburst to known classes of outbursts -- including classical novae and outbursts occurring on symbiotic stars -- and find this object does NOT conform to any known class of outburst. The closest match to the behavior of this unusual object is M31 RV, an extremely luminous and red variable object discovered in the bulge of M31 in 1988. However, the temporal behavior and maximum luminosity of the two events differ by several orders of magnitude, requiring substantial intrinsic variation if these two events are members the same type of outburst. Our model of the spectroscopic evolution of this outburst shows that the effective temperature cooled from 4400 K to 2300 K over the three month span of our observations. In combination with line diagnostics in our later spectra, including [OI] lambda 5577 and the dramatic increase in the Halpha to Hbeta ratio, we infer the existence of a cool, dense (N_e ~ 10^{8-9} cm^{-3}) envelope that is optically thick in the Hydrogen Balmer recombination lines (case C). We suggest that a nuclear event in a single star, in which a slow shock drove the photosphere outwards, can power the observed luminosity evolution and the emission spectrum.Comment: Accepted for publication in AJ. 24 pages including 8 embedded postscript figures. Also available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~martini/pub

Continuous variable cloning via network of parametric gates

We propose an experimental scheme for the cloning machine of continuous quantum variables through a network of parametric amplifiers working as input-output four-port gates.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear on Phys. Rev. Let

Estimation of Population Size and Dispersal Pattern of Sterile Male Aedes aegypti Using Mark-Release-Recapture (MRR) Technique

Aedes aegypti is currently emerging as a main vector of Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya transmission. Chemical control was reported to be less effective due to the resistance of this mosquito to some types of insecticides. Therefore, another vector control is needed which is most appropriate to be used, i.e. the sterile insect technique (SIT). Information about optimum range dispersal sterile male Aedes aegypti for optimalization SIT program are needed. This study was designed to determine the dispersal pattern and population estimation of Aedes aegypti sterilized with gamma rays using mark-release-recapture (MRR) method. After the male Aedes aegypti (pupal stage) was irradiated with 70 Gy of gamma rays, the mosquitoes were then marked with Rhodamine-B and released into the study site. MRR experiments were carried out in Batan Indah residential area, and the Aedes aegypti were released in center of the site. Mosquitoes were recaptured at 28 points spread over the Batan Indah Residence for 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after release by using BG-Sentinel Traps. The result showed that the population of Aedes aegypti in the site was estimated to be 5.402 (1.347–14.636; CI 95 %) with the furthest spread distance was 119 meters from the release point. This study also showed that the MRR experiment can be used to estimate the population size and dispersal pattern of Aedes aegypti movement in a given locality. The result of present study provide better understanding for optimalization mosquito-borne disease prevention based on SIT programs

Power allocation for D2D communications using max-min message-passing algorithm

The approach of factor-graphs (FGs) is applied in the context of power control and user pairing in Device-to-Device (D2D) communications as an effective underlay concept in wireless cellular networks. D2D communications can increase the spectral efficiency of wireless cellular networks by establishing a direct link between devices with limited help from the evolved node base stations (eNBs). A well-designed user pairing and power allocation scheme with low complexity can remarkably improve the system’s performance. In this paper, a simple and distributed FG based approach is utilized for power control and user pairing implementation in an underlay cellular network with D2D communications. A max-min criterion is proposed to maximize the minimum rate of all active users in the network, including the cellular and multiple D2D co-channel links in the uplink direction. An associated message-passing (MP) algorithm is presented to distributedly solve the resultant NP-hard maximization problem, with a guaranteed convergence compared to game-theoretic and Q-learning based methods. The complexity and convergence of the proposed method are analyzed and numerical results confirm that the proposed scheme outperforms alternative algorithms in terms of complexity, while keeping the sum-rate of users nearly the same as centralized counterpart methods