Medición del ángulo Q mediante goniometría convencional y videofotogrametría en 3D. Correlación de los resultados

Este trabajo pretende demostrar la existencia de correlación entre la medición del ángulo Q estático mediante goniometría convencional y mediante videofotogrametría en 3D, para que en próximos estudios se pueda obviar la exploración previa por el método convencional

Optimizing precision irrigation of a vineyard to improve water use efficiency and profitability by using a decision-oriented vine water consumption model

While the agronomic and economic benefits of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies have long been established in red wine grape varieties, spatial variability in water requirements across a vineyard limits their practical application. This study aims to evaluate the performance of an integrated methodology—based on a vine water consumption model and remote sensing data—to optimize the precision irrigation (PI) of a 100-ha commercial vineyard during two consecutive growing seasons. In addition, a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) was conducted of the tested strategy. Using an NDVI generated map, a vineyard with 52 irrigation sectors and the varieties Tempranillo, Cabernet and Syrah was classified in three categories (Low, Medium and High). The proposed methodology allowed viticulturists to adopt a precise RDI strategy, and, despite differences in water requirement between irrigation sectors, pre-defined stem water potential thresholds were not exceeded. In both years, the difference between maximum and minimum water applied in the different irrigation sectors varied by as much as 25.6%. Annual transpiration simulations showed ranges of 240.1–340.8 mm for 2016 and 298.6–366.9 mm for 2017. According to the CBA, total savings of 7090.00 € (2016) and 9960.00 € (2017) were obtained in the 100-ha vineyard with the PI strategy compared to not PI. After factoring in PI technology and labor costs of 5090 €, the net benefit was 20.0 € ha−1 in 2016 and 48.7 € ha−1 in 2017. The water consumption model adopted here to optimize PI is shown to enhance vineyard profitability, water use efficiency and yield.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Estudio de la abducción del hombro mediante videofotogrametría (VFG) y radiología seriada (RX) simultánea

El complejo articular del hombro posee la mayor movilidad de todas las articulaciones del cuerpo. Está formado por un conjunto de estructuras: articulación escapulohumeral, acromioclavicular, esternoclavicular, escapulotorácica (seudoarticulación de la escápula con la pared torácica) que actuan coordinadamente unas con otras para situar la extremidad superior y, en definitiva la mano, en cualquier sitio del espacio. El estudio del movimiento de este complejo articular del hombro ha sido motivo de muchas investigaciones que han generado temas de controversia durante los últimos cien años. Desde su origen, las articulaciones han ido evolucionando hasta especializarse para efectuar unos determinados movimientos más específicos y precisos, al mismo tiempo que han ido abandonando otros. La articulaciones multiaxiales, las más proximales de las extremidades como el muslo, son las que han persistido con un mayor grado de movilidad y las que, por tanto, requieren un control muscular más preciso. La evolución hacia la bipedestación, implica una serie de cambios: aparición de lordosis en la columna, aumento del diámetro transversal del tórax juntamente con un desplazamiento hacia atrás de la clavícula y la escápula permitiendo así mayor amplitud de movimientos, sobretodo en la rotación y en la función prensil de la extremidad superior. En el muslo, se sacrificó la estabilidad para adquirir más movilidad4

Validation of the log e–log σ normal compression law using particle strength data

This note is a study of experimental data on particle strength and normal compression, to establish whether the recently proposed normal compression law by McDowell and de Bono (2013) is supported and confirmed. A number of different sands are examined and found to support the hypothesis. In addition, some new simulations on sand mixtures are used to explain experimental results for quartz-feldspar mixtures. It would appear that the proposed compression law is also supported by the data for the sand mixtures

Cross-sectional study of the association between empathy and burnout and drug prescribing quality in primary care

Burnout; Empathy; EthicsEsgotament; Empatia; ÈticaAgotamiento; Empatía; ÉticaObjective: The aim of this study was to assess whether burnout and empathy levels among general practitioners (GPs) might influence prescribing performance assessed using pharmaceutical prescription quality standard indicators. Design and Setting: Cross-sectional descriptive study of 108 GPs from 22 primary care centers in Lleida, Spain, and of centralized data corresponding to 183 600 patients under their care. The study was conducted between May and July 2014. Main Outcome Measures: Burnout and empathy were measured using the Spanish versions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Jefferson Scale for Physician Empathy, and prescribing quality was measured using the Catalan Pharmaceutical Prescription Quality Standard (EQPF). Normal distribution of scores was verified using the Chi-square and Kolmogorov–Smirnov–Lilliefors tests. The effect of each of the variables was evaluated using crude odds ratios. Results: Older GPs scored significantly higher in the EQPF (P < 0.05). High empathy scores were positively associated with high EQPF scores. GPs with low burnout also performed better in the EQPF. Conclusions: More empathic, less burned-out, older GPs showed better prescribing performance according to quality indicators. However, further studies are needed to evaluate other factors influencing prescribing habits. The promotion of communication skills may increase empathy and reduce burnout, thus benefiting patients.The authors did not receive any grants for this study. However, previous research in this field was conducted with the support of the Victor Grífols Foundation

Prevalence of pre-diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes in the Mollerussa prospective observational cohort study in a semi-rural area of Catalonia

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes in the healthy population in the Mollerussa cohort. As a secondary objective, to identify the variables associated with these conditions and to describe the changes in glycaemic status after 1 year of follow-up in subjects with pre-diabetes. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: General population from a semi-rural area. Participants: The study included 583 participants without a diagnosis of diabetes recruited between March 2011 and July 2014. Results: The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 20, 3.4% (95% CI 2.6 to 4.2) and that of pre-diabetes was 229, 39.3% (37.3 to 41.3). Among those with pre-diabetes, 18.3% had isolated impaired fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (FPG: 100 to <126 mg/dL), 58.1% had isolated impaired glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (HbA1c 5.7 to <6.5) and 23.6% fulfilled both criteria. Follow-up data were available for 166 subjects; 41.6%(37.8 to 45.4) returned to normoglycaemia, 57.6% (57.8 to 61.4) persisted in pre-diabetes and 0.6% (0 to 1.2) progressed to diabetes. Individuals with pre-diabetes had worse cardiometabolic risk profiles and sociodemographic features than normoglycaemic subjects. In the logistic regression model, variables significantly associated with pre-diabetes were older age (OR; 95% CI) (1.033; 1.011 to 1.056), higher physical activity (0.546; 0.360 to 0.827), body mass index (1.121; 1.029 to 1.222) and a family history of diabetes (1.543; 1.025 to 2.323). The variables significantly associated with glycaemic normalisation were older age (0.948; 0.916 to 0.982) and body mass index (0.779; 0.651 to 0.931). Conclusions: Among adults in our region, the estimated prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 3.4% and that of pre-diabetes was 39.3%. After a 1-year follow-up, a small proportion of subjects (0.6%) with pre-diabetes progressed to diabetes, while a high proportion (41.6%) returned to normoglycaemia. Individuals with pre-diabetes who returned to normoglycaemia were younger and had a lower body mass inde