Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Igreja Católica e mercados: a ambivalência entre a solidariedade e a competição

A Igreja Católica enfrenta, de forma ambígua, as vicissitudes dos mercados, o religioso e o econômico propriamente dito. Na década de 90, isso se tornou evidente por causa de dois movimentos opostos. De um lado, a Renovação Carismática - resposta católica à concorrência pentecostal no mercado religioso - fomentou o uso de técnicas de marketing e a projeção de padres cantores na grande mídia. De outro, a Teologia da Libertação, corrente politizada de esquerda que desencadeou, entre outras coisas, o engajamento em atividades associativas de produção econômica em um conjunto chamado economia solidária, apontado como resposta à "exclusão do mercado de trabalho" ou ao desemprego. O artigo contextualiza a relação do catolicismo com esses mercados na sociedade brasileira.<br>The Catholic Church faces in an ambiguous way the market's setbacks, the religious one and the economic itself. In the 1990s, it became obvious because of two opposites movements. On the one hand, the Charismatic Renewal, catholic reply to the Pentecostal (Pentecostal) competition at the religious market, has stimulated the use of marketing techniques and the projection of singer priests at the big media. On the other hand, the Liberation Theology, progressist tendency that has generated, among other things, the participation of militants in associatives economic enterprises, that belong to a set named solidary economy, which has been spread as a reply to "the labour market exclusion", that is, the unemployment. This article deals with the catholic relationship with those markets at the Brazilian society

Intelligent software and tecnological convergence

La Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Católica de Colombia, conforme al factor calidad y considerando las tendencias de vanguardia en el ámbito de innovación en ingeniería, desarrollo en la segunda parte de esté congreso, el software inteligente y convergencia tecnológica, Raspberry PI dispositivo apuntador utilizando Open CV, Procesar imágenes identificando maleza en cultivos, también plataformas tecnológicas en enseñanza en la automatización industrial, implementación de JAX-RS, arquitectura soportada en sistemas inteligentes con control de aprendizaje interactivo, modelado del efecto de alineación estática en prótesis transtibiales en redes neuronales, desarrollo e implementación robótica industrial, modelos en la predicción de pérdidas de propagación de ondas electromagnéticas por celular, además, sistemas de autocuidado para el monitoreo en la infraestructura tecnológica distribuida, modelado de elementos 3D trabajos basados en redes difusas, lógica modal de comunicación en sistemas multiagentes, sistemas de adquisición de datos en procesos agroindustriales, herramientas diagnostica en ergonomía aplicada en puesto de trabajo uso de música colombiana en estudiantes colombianos con BCI, sin olvidar, el método automático en morfología digital de hojas tropicales en Colombia, simulación de radiopropagación en red LTE en banda de dividendo digital, desarrollo de plataformas con inteligencia artificial, Cloud computing una oportunidad para las mipymes en Colombia, ontología en la construcción de indicadores en un sistema de soporte con identificador de vulnerabilidad, Nano y biotecnología para generar energía, modelo de optimización del programa para intercambio de riñones, adicionalmente, la tendencia en redes y banda ancha, aplicación de algoritmo genético en nuevos productos, control de maleza en la productividad de cultivo, tecnología de la información para la asignación de turnos de enfermería, antenas fractales en nanoestructuradas, y por último, Brokering servicios multiplataforma con accesibilidad de profesores y estudiantes a contenido educativo gratis. (Redacción propia).II. Software Inteligente y Convergencia Tecnológica. Raspberry Pi como dispositivo apuntador utilizando OpenCV e integrales proyectivas. Procesamiento de imágenes para identificación de malezas en cultivos. Plataforma tecnológica para la enseñanza y la simulación de procesos en automatización industrial. Comparación de implementaciones JAX-RS. Arquitectura distribuida soportada en sistemas inteligentes difusos para el seguimiento del aprendizaje en entornos interactivos. Modelado del efecto de la alineación estática de prótesis transtibiales aplicando redes neuronales. Diseño, desarrollo e implementación de la robótica industrial. Modelos para la predicción de pérdidas de propagación de ondas electromagnéticas en interiores en frecuencias de comunicación celular. Sistema de autocuidado basado en un enfoque de multiagentes para el monitoreo y la corrección de problemas en una infraestructura tecnológica distribuida. Modelado de elementos 3D: de Solidworks a Matlab. Construcción de activos de trabajo basados en conocimiento con redes difusas. Lógica modal en la formalización de comunicación en sistemas multiagentes. Sistemas de adquisición de datos en redes convergentes aplicados en procesos de agroindustria. Herramienta diagnóstica para la evaluación ergonómica del puesto de trabajo. El uso de música colombiana para evaluar el sentido de pertenencia en estudiantes colombianos con BCI. Un método automático para la caracterización morfológica digital de hojas tropicales de Colombia. Simulación de radiopropagación para el diseño de una red LTE en la banda del dividendo digital. Marco conceptual para el desarrollo de plataformas de enseñanza y aprendizaje basadas en inteligencia artificial. Cloud computing, una oportunidad para apalancar la cadena de valor de las mipymes en Colombia. Ontología para la construcción de indicadores de un sistema de soporte a las decisiones para la identificación del índice de vulnerabilidad territorial. Nano y biotecnología para la generación de energía (proyectos Universidad Católica). Modelo de optimización del programa de intercambio de riñones con múltiples etapas. Tendencias en redes y servicios de banda ancha. Aplicación de algoritmos genéticos al diseño de nuevos productos. El control de malezas como elemento significativo en la productividad de cultivos. Tecnologías de la información para resolver el problema de asignación de turnos de enfermería. Antenas fractales nanoestructuradas y estudiantes a contenidos educativos gratuitos

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data