Systematic review of antiepileptic drugs’ safety and effectiveness in feline epilepsy

Understanding the efficacy and safety profile of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in feline epilepsy is a crucial consideration for managing this important brain disease. However, there is a lack of information about the treatment of feline epilepsy and therefore a systematic review was constructed to assess current evidence for the AEDs’ efficacy and tolerability in cats. The methods and materials of our former systematic reviews in canine epilepsy were mostly mirrored for the current systematic review in cats. Databases of PubMed, CAB Direct and Google scholar were searched to detect peer-reviewed studies reporting efficacy and/or adverse effects of AEDs in cats. The studies were assessed with regards to their quality of evidence, i.e. study design, study population, diagnostic criteria and overall risk of bias and the outcome measures reported, i.e. prevalence and 95% confidence interval of the successful and affected population in each study and in total

Improving diced tomato firmness by pulsed vacuum calcification

Vacuum impregnation is a non-thermal technique used in food technology to replace the air occluded in the products with specific substances, thus modifying food quality. Here, this technique was employed to allow calcium ions to penetrate more efficiently in the tissue structure of diced tomatoes with consequent increase of the product firmness. Calcification was obtained in two ways, that is, either by keeping diced tomatoes at the reduced pressure of 100 mbar or by subjecting the product to cycles of pulsed vacuum from 1013 mbar to 30 mbar. Both procedures were conducted in the presence of calcium chloride solutions at various concentrations and temperatures. The results showed that the highest firmness was obtained by pulsed vacuum calcification at 30 mbar and 45 °C by using 4 cycles of pulsed vacuum. In these conditions, after two-months storage at room temperature, the treated diced tomatoes packaged in tinplate cans showed firmness increase of about 90% with respect to product not treated by vacuum infiltration. These results indicate the pulsed vacuum calcification as a promising process that can be effectively introduced in some phases of the industrial tomato transformation to improve the product texture