Etude microradiographique et histologique d’un cas de dentinogenèse imparfaite de Type I

Four temporary teeth, extracted for periodontal infection reasons, from a 53 months old child with Osteogenesis Imperfecta, have been coated in methyl metacrylate and prepared for microradiographic analysis and light microscopic study.The enamel and dentin of three teeth (51, 65 and 85) don’t show any particularity, some how the cementum is remarkably thin. Pulp chambers was large and contain a great number of calcifications. Some of them present a radial striation around a radio-transparent center, and when coloured with blue of methylen, they revealed inflammatory or fibroblastic cells.The fourth tooth (55) shows a dentinogenetic overproduction which closed the major part of the pulp chamber. The dentin presents two rows of different aspect, separated with a calcified bond. The mantle dentin contains sinuous tubules with a type I arrangement of SIAR classification (1986). But, in the deepest dentin, they are very little size and joined together while approching the center of the tooth and coast along cellular inclusions, pathognomonical sign of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta. The pulpal space not oblitered contains a calcification with radial and microlacunary aspect.So the dental disturbance is shown variably in the teeth 55 and 65 with contemporaneous formation. In the other way, intrapulpal calcifications in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, are not only prerogative of non oblitered pulp.Quatre dents temporaires, extraites pour des raisons d’infection périodontale, chez une fille de 53 mois atteinte d’ostéogenèse imparfaite, ont été enrobées dans du métacrylate de méthyl pour une analyse microradiographique et un examen microscopique en lumière ordinaire.L’émail et la dentine de trois dents, les 51, 65 et 85, ne montrent aucune particularité alors que le cément est remarquablement mince. Les chambres pulpaires, larges, renferment un grand nombre de calcifications dont certaines présentent une striation radiaire autour d’un centre radio-transparent. Colorées au bleu de méthylène celles-ci révèlent des cellules inflammatoires ou fibroblastiques.La quatrième dent (55) fut le siège d’une surproduction dentinogénétique ayant oblitéré la majeure partie de l’espace pulpaire. La dentine y présente deux couches, d’aspects différents, séparées par une bande peu calcifiée. La périphérie renferme des canalicules sinueux dont la disposition répond au type I de la classiffcation de SIAR (1986) alors que, dans la profonde, ils sont de très petite taille, s’unissent au fur et à mesure qu’ils se rapprochent du centre de la dent et y côtoient des inclusions cellulaires pathognomoniques de la Dentinogenèse Imparfaite. L’espace pulpaire non oblitéré renferme une calcification d’aspect radiaire et microlacunaire.Ainsi le trouble dentaire s’est manifesté de façon variable au niveau des dents 55 et 65 dont la formation est contemporaine. Par ailleurs, les calcifications intrapulpaires dans la Dentinogenèse Imparfaite ne sont pas l’apanage des seules pulpes non oblitérées

Evaluation of Kelvin probe force microscopy for imaging grain boundaries in chalcopyrite thin films

In view of the outstanding performance of polycrystalline thin film solar cells on the basis of Cu In,Ga Se2, the electrical activity at grain boundaries currently receives considerable attention. Recently, Kelvin probe force microscopy KPFM has been applied to characterize of the properties of individual grain boundaries, observing a drop in the surface potential in many cases. We present finite element simulations of the electrostatic forces to assess the experimental resolution of KPFM. Depending on the tip sample distance, the observed drop in the work function amounts to only a fraction of the real surface potential drop. The simulations are considered for different grain boundary models and consequences for the quantitative evaluation of experimental results are discusse

Ethnocultural features of a linguistic persona: the specifics of the representation of universal emotional concepts

The work is performed within a framework of modern linguistic and cognitive research as well as linguistic and cultural research aimed at studying the significance and value of the ratio of “language-culture-persona” triad components. Their interdependence enables to define ethnocultural features of a linguistic persona and an “ethnocultural” index in its structure.The main goal of this paper is to study the specifics of an ethnocultural worldview as one of the principles of understanding the world around through the explication of ethnically marked conceptual units represented in the emotional and sensual linguistic model.The research emphasizes that typical cognitive processes enable to comprehend the phenomena of the world around and determine the similarity of representation and adequate interpretation of certain emotions and feelings of people within a framework of one ethnic community. It proves the assertion that the structure of a linguistic persona under study has an emotional and sensual level as a set of culturally determined universal and nationally marked concepts expressed and represented by linguistic means that enable to conceptualize the semantics of emotions as markers to define the ethnocultural specifics of a linguistic persona.The paper pays special attention to the ethnocultural content of emotional and lexical units, which indicate the ethnic identity of a linguistic persona and reflect typical, historically developed signs of the ethnic image of the world.Illustrative and research material of the paper represented by paroemiological and phraseological units, formulas of speaking etiquette, and ethnic concepts of primarily a Kabardian and Balkar culture of the dominant peoples of the Kabardian and Balkar Republic and partially a Russian culture, allows us to prove that the conceptual meaning of universal emotionally rich lexemes enables to identify and to assess the specifics sensual worldview of a particular ethnic group; that every ethnic culture develops its own system of notions and meanings marked by an emotional index, which defines both the psychological portrait of a person and the specific features of his ethnic conceptual worldview; that the emotional world picture of a linguistic persona is based on a binary way to perceive the world and an evaluative and axiological (value) principle of the subjectivation of an objective world; that emotional state of a person and specific expression of a sensual worldview become indicative of his ethnocultural identity.Keywords: linguistic persona; ethnocultural linguistic persona; emotional and sensual worldview; cognitive activity; cognition; cognitive and evaluative marker

Raman and photoreflectance study of Cu In,Ga S2 films and solar cells

The structural and optical properties of CuIn1 xGaxS2 CIGS , CdS CuIn1 xGaxS2, and ZnO CdS CuIn1 xGaxS2 polycrystalline films, with applications in photovoltaics, were studied by Raman and Photoreflectance PR spectroscopy for two different compositions, [Ga] [In] [Ga] 0.04 and 0.12, of the CuIn1 xGaxS2 absorber. The energy band gap of the absorber film was determined by fitting the PR spectra with a third derivative functional form. Moreover, the thickness of the film was calculated from the interference fringes observed in the PR spectra below band gap energy. Raman scattering was excited by the 514.5nm line of Ar laser and the 647.1nm line of Kr laser. The Raman spectra of the absorber films consist of phononmodes assigned to CuInS2, CuGaS2 and CuS. The results of the present study are discussed together with the results of SEM and XRD studies of the films and the results of electrical measurements performed on solar cells based on the CIGS absorber

Charge Generation and Selective Separation at PbS Quantum Dot Metal Oxide Interfaces

Charge separation and transfer at the interface between layers of oleic acid capped PbS quantum dots QDs and Titanium and Indium Tin oxide TiO2 and ITO films were investigated by surface photovoltage SPV measurements. Photoluminescence PL measurements were performed in order to check for excitonic transitions and determine the QD band gaps. The QDs diameter of 4.2 nm and 5.0 nm were estimated by using the PL band gaps and the theoretical equation derived by Wang et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 87 1987 7315]. The SPV spectra of the PbS QDs TiO2 system reveal a positive charge on the PbS film surface and show three distinguished regions which demonstrate i the charge separation across QDs, ii the electron injection from QDs into TiO2 and iii the fundamental absorption in TiO2. The on set of the electron injection depends on the QD size QD band gap it shifts to lower photon energies for lower QD dimensions for higher QD band gaps . Thus, a better conduction band alignment is achieved in the latter case. In contrast to PbS QDs TiO2, the SPV spectra of the PbS QDs ITO structure reveal the negative charge on PbS surface. Moreover, the charge transfer at this interface is not observed. Instead, the SPV peculiarities in the photon energy range 1.4 3.0 eV point out to trapped holes on the ITO surface state

Evidence for a neutral grain boundary barrier in chalcopyrites

Single grain boundaries in CuGaSe2 have been grown epitaxially. Hall measurements indicate a barrier of 30 40 meV to majority carrier transport. Nevertheless, local surface potential measurements show the absence of space charge around the grain boundary, i.e. it is neutral. Theoretical calculations [Persson and Zunger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 266401 2003 ] have predicted a neutral barrier for the present S3 grain boundary. Thus, we have experimentally shown the existence of a neutral grain boundary barrier, however, smaller than theoretically predicte

EXPLORATION OF PROMOTION AND FACILITIES FACTORS THAT AFFECT ON TOURISTS’ DECISIONS TO VISIT MANADO CITY, INDONESIA

This study aims to determine the effect of Promotion and Facilities on tourists’ decisions to visit Manado city. This was descriptive qualitative research employing a case study method. The researchers conducted interviews with 10 tourists visiting Manado city. These research results conclude that tourism promotion in Manado city can reach most tourists who come there, meaning that there are still tourists coming in Manado city do not know the promotion of tourism there.The results of this study also conclude that tourism facilities in Manado city have been able to meet the needs of tourists.The results of the study are expected to be a valuable input for the government in terms of policy making, for investors in making investment decisions appropriately, in addition, the results of this study can be an important reference for similar research for applied interests and development interests for the welfare of society