Abundance of baleen whales in the European Atlantic

The abundance of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), sei whales (B. borealis) and minke whales (B. acutorostrata) was estimated from data collected during shipboard sightings surveys conducted as part of CODA and TNASS (Faroese block) in July 2007 in offshore waters of the European Atlantic west of the UK, Ireland, France and Spain, combined with data collected from shipboard and aerial surveys of European Atlantic continental shelf waters conducted as part of SCANS-II in July 2005. Double platform methods employing the trial-configuration method (BT-method) were used in all shipboard surveys. Analysis used Mark-Recapture Distance Sampling to account for animals missed on the transect line. Density surface modelling was undertaken to generate model-based abundance estimates and maps of predicted density. Estimates are presented for the SCANS-II and CODA survey areas. Estimates for the Faroese block of TNASS have been presented elsewhere. The abundance of fin whales in the CODA and SCANS-II areas was estimated as 19,354 (CV 0.24) for identified sightings and 29,512 (CV 0.26) when adjusted to include a proportion of unidentified large whale abundance (which included large baleen and sperm whales), prorated by number of sightings, because there were a large number of such sightings in one of the CODA survey blocks. The model-based estimate of identified fin whales was 19,751 (CV 0.17), more precise than the design-based estimate. Fin whales were mainly found in the southern part of the CODA survey area. Estimates based on identified sightings were comparable to those from the Spanish survey conducted as part of 1989 NASS but were larger if adjusted for a proportion of unidentified large whales. Sei whales were rare except in the southwest of the survey area; the estimate of abundance was 619 (CV 0.34) for identified sightings and 765 (CV 0.43) adjusted for a proportion of unidentified large whales. Minke whale abundance was estimated for shelf and offshore European Atlantic waters as 30,410 (CV 0.34). The model-based estimate was less precise and considerably larger

Technical implementation and feasibility

This chapter provides application developers with a presentation of the implemented reference implementation of the ABC4Trust architecture and protocols as well as a presentation on how to get started using the reference implementation. The reference implementation includes the ABC-Engines of the different entities, namely the User, Issuer, Verifier, Inspector, and Revocation Authority, and the smart card implementation for the User. This chapter also presents results of a perturbation analysis of the reference implementation. Even though the ABC4Trust focused on a server-desktop environment, we have done some proof of concept implementations and analysis of the feasibility of using smart phones for the user side of a Privacy-ABC setup; these results are also presented in this chapter. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015

Electric polarization effects on the electronic spectral shift of centrosymmetric compounds

The classic dielectric dipolar Onsager model was extended to include quadrupolar interactions between solute molecules and solvents with different polarities. A multiparametric solvatochromic expression, based on the point quadrupole moment inside a spherical cavity embedded in a dielectric continuum, is applied to centrosymmetric sulfonamide porphyrins, zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin, squaraine and 9,10-dicyanoanthracene, in order to account for the quadrupolar polarization effect of solute molecules. The reaction field polarity functions created respectively by dipole and quadrupole moments are compared and found to be linearly correlated.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFM-4BWMWP4-3/1/7e83fc1afe1cdc78a74cf6fe9ffed39