HIPE: HMC Instruction Predication Extension Applied on Database Processing

The recent Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC) is a smart memory which includes functional units inside one logic layer of the 3D stacked memory design. In order to execute instructions inside the Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC), the processor needs to send instructions to be executed near data, keeping most of the pipeline complexity inside the processor. Thus, control-flow and data-flow dependencies are all managed inside the processor, in such way that only update instructions are supported by the HMC. In order to solve data-flow dependencies inside the memory, previous work proposed HMC Instruction Vector Extensions (HIVE), which embeds a high number of functional units with a interlock register bank. In this work we propose HMC Instruction Prediction Extensions (HIPE), that supports predicated execution inside the memory, in order to transform control-flow dependencies into data-flow dependencies. Our mechanism focus on removing the high latency iteration between the processor and the smart memory during the execution of branches that depends on data processed inside the memory. In this paper we evaluate a balanced design of HIVE comparing to x86 and HMC executions. After we show the HIPE mechanism results when executing a database workload, which is a strong candidate to use smart memories. We show interesting trade-offs of performance when comparing our mechanism to previous work

Waist-to-height Ratio Percentiles And Cutoffs For Obesity: A Cross-sectional Study In Brazilian Adolescents

This study aimed to describe the distribution of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) percentiles and cutoffs for obesity in Brazilian adolescents. A cross-sectional study including adolescents aged 10 to 15 years was conducted in the city of São Paulo, Brazil; anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and waistcircumference) were taken, and WHtRs were calculated and then divided into percentiles derived by using Least Median of Squares (LMS) regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used in determining cutoffs for obesity (BMI ≥97th percentile) and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparing variables. The study included 8,019 adolescents from 43 schools, of whom 54.5% were female, and 74.8% attended public schools. Boys had higher mean WHtR than girls (0.45±0.06 vs 0.44±0.05; p=0.002) and higher WHtR at the 95th percentile (0.56 vs 0.54; p<0.05). The WHtR cutoffs according to the WHO criteria ranged from 0.467 to 0.506 and 0.463 to 0.496 among girls and boys respectively, with high sensitivity (82.8-95%) and specificity (84-95.5%). The WHtR was significantly associated with body adiposity measured by BMI. Its age-specific percentiles and cutoffs may be used as additional surrogate markers of central obesity and its co-morbidities.323411419Sichieri, R., Allam, V.C.L., Avaliação do estado nutricional de adolescentes brasileiros através do Índice de Massa Corporal (1996) J Pediatr (Rio J), 72, pp. 80-84. , [Portuguese]Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. 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Versão 9.2Ashwell, M., Hsieh, S.D., Six reasons why the waist-toheight ratio is a rapid and effective global indicator for health risks of obesity and how its use could simplify the international public health message on obesity (2005) Int J Food Sci Nutr, 56, pp. 303-307Weili, Y., He, B., Yao, H., Dai, J., Cui, J., Ge, D., Waist-toheight ratio is an accurate and easier index for evaluating obesity in children and adolescents (2007) Obesity (Silver Spring), 15, pp. 748-752Mokha, J.S., Srinivasan, S.R., DasMahapatra, P., Fernandez, C., Chen, W., Xu, J., Utility of waist-to-height ratio in assessing the status of central obesity and related cardiometabolic risk profile among normal weight and overweight/obese children: the Bogalusa Heart Study (2010) BMC Pediatr, 10, p. 73Garnett, S.P., Baur, L.A., Cowell, C.T., Waist-to-height ratio: a simple option for determining excess central adiposity in young people (2008) Int J Obes (Lond), 32, pp. 1028-1030Xiong, F., Garnett, S.P., Cowell, C.T., Biesheuvel, C., Zeng, Y., Long, C.-L., Waist circumference and waistto-height ratio in Han Chinese children living in Chongqing, south-west China (2011) Public Health Nutr, 14, pp. 20-26Sung, R.Y., So, H.K., Choi, K.C., Nelson, E.A., Li, A.M., Yin, J.A., Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio of Hong Kong Chinese children (2008) BMC Public Health, 8, p. 324Guntsche, Z., Guntsche, E.M., Saraví, F.D., Gonzalez, L.M., Lopez Avellaneda, C., Ayub, E., Umbilical waistto-height ratio and trunk fat mass index (DXA) as markers of central adiposity and insulin resistance in Argentinean children with a family history of metabolic syndrome (2010) J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 23, pp. 245-256Ashwel, M., Lejeune, S., McPherson, K., Ratio of waist circumference to height may be better indicator of need for weight management (1996) BMJ, 312, p. 377Goulding, A., Taylor, R.W., Grant, A.M., Parnell, W.R., Wilson, N.C., Williams, S.M., Waist-to-height ratios in relation to BMI z-scores in three 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of different anthropometric indices for identifying insulin resistance in schoolchildren (2009) Diabetes Technol Ther, 11, pp. 615-621Thompson, D.R., Obarzanek, E., Franko, D.L., Barton, B.A., Morrison, J., Biro, F.M., Childhood overweight and cardiovascular disease risk factors: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (2007) J Pediatr, 150, pp. 18-25Baker, J.L., Olsen, L.W., Sørensen, T.I.A., Childhood bodymass index and the risk of coronary heart disease in adulthood (2007) N Engl J Med, 357, pp. 2329-2337Vazquez, G., Duval, S., Jacobs, D.R., Jr., Silventoinen, K., Comparison of body mass index, waist circumference, and waist/hip ratio in predicting incident diabetes: a meta-analysis (2007) Epidemiol Rev, 29, pp. 115-128dos Santos, L.C., de Pádua Cintra, I., Fisberg, M., Martini, L.A., Body trunk fat and insulin resistance in post-pubertal obese adolescents (2008) Sao Paulo Med J, 126, pp. 82-86Messiah, S.E., Arheart, K.L., Lipshultz, S.E., Miller, T.L., Body mass index, waist circumference, and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents (2008) J Pediatr, 153, pp. 845-850Morrison, J.A., Friedman, L.A., Wang, P., Glueck, C.J., Metabolic syndrome in childhood predicts adult metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus 25 to 30 years later (2008) J Pediatr, 152, pp. 201-206Pitanga, F.J.G., Lessa, I., Razão cintura-estatura como discriminador do risco coronariano de adultos (2006) Rev Assoc Med Bras, 52, pp. 157-161. , [Portuguese]Freedman, D.S., Kahn, H.S., Mei, Z., Grummer-Strawn, L.M., Dietz, W.H., Srinivasan, S., Relation of body mass index and waist-to-height ratio to cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study (2007) Am J Clin Nutr, 86, pp. 33-40Ho, S.Y., Lam, T.-H., Janus, E.D., Waist to stature ratio is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factors than other simple anthropometric indices (2003) Ann Epidemiol, 13, pp. 683-691Elizondo-Montemayor, L., Serrano-González, M., 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Cloud point extraction applied to casein proteins of cow milk and their identification by mass spectrometry

Leonardo Silva Santos. Universidad de Talca, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, P.O. Box 747, Talca, Chile.This work describes the optimization of a cloud point extraction (CPE) method for casein proteins from cow milk samples. To promote phase separation, polyoxyethylene(8) isooctylphenyl ether (Triton® X-114) and sodium chloride (NaCl) were used as nonionic surfactant and electrolyte, respectively. Using multivariate studies, four major CPE variables were evaluated: Triton® X-114 concentration, sample volume, NaCl concentration, and pH. The results show that surfactant concentration and sample volume were the main variable affecting the CPE process, with the following optimized parameters: 1% (w/v) Triton® X-114 concentration, 50 μL of sample volume, 6% (w/v) NaCl concentration and extractions carried out at pH 7.0. At these conditions, 923 ± 66 and 67 ± 2 μg mL−1 of total protein were found in the surfactant-rich and surfactant-poor phases, respectively. Finally, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was then used to evaluate those target proteins (s1-casein, s2-casein and β-casein) separation as well as to check the efficiency of the extraction procedure, making a fingerprint of those target proteins possible

Iron Insertion And Hematite Segregation On Fe-doped Tio 2 Nanoparticles Obtained From Sol-gel And Hydrothermal Methods

Iron-doped TiO 2 (Fe:TiO 2) nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol-gel method (with Fe/Ti molar ratio corresponding to 1, 3, and 5%), followed by hydrothermal treatment, drying, and annealing. A similar methodology was used to synthesize TiO 2 and α-Fe 2O 3 nanoparticles. For comparison, a mixture hematite/titania, with Fe/Ti = 4% was also investigated. Characterization of the samples using Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction data revealed that TiO 2 consisted of 82% anatase and 18% brookite; for Fe:TiO 2, brookite increased to 30% and hematite was also identified (0.5, 1.0, and 1.2 wt % for samples prepared with 1, 3, and 5% of Fe/Ti). For hematite/titania mixture, Fe/Ti was estimated as 4.4%, indicating the Rietveld method reliability for estimation of phase composition. 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Potencial cicatricial da Bixa orellana L. em feridas cutâneas: estudo em modelo experimental

O uso de fitoterápicos é uma alternativa de baixo custo e de fácil acesso para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas. Objetivou-se avaliar a ação do extrato oleoso de urucum na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas abertas. Inicialmente, identificaram-se os principais ácidos graxos do óleo de urucum. Foi realizado ensaio citotóxico para determinar as concentrações a serem utilizadas no ensaio in vivo. No experimento, feridas cutâneas em ratos Wistar foram diariamente tratadas com: extrato de urucum 0,1% (U 0,1%), extrato de urucum 0,01% (U 0,01%), vaselina (V) e solução fisiológica (SF), por até 21 dias. Aos quatro, sete, 14 e 21 dias, foi avaliada clinicamente a presença de exsudato, crosta e epitelização. Determinaram-se as áreas da lesão, e amostras de pele, fígado e rins foram coletadas para avalição histológica. Aos 21dias, amostras de pele foram coletadas para análise tensiométrica. Clinicamente, todos os grupos de tratamento apresentaram evolução cicatricial fisiológica. Os grupos U 0,1% e U 0,01% apresentaram maior presença de epitelização aos sete dias e maior retração cicatricial aos quatro dias. Na histologia, U 0,1% e U 0,01% apresentaram aos quatro e sete dias maior quantidade de fibrina e inflamação que V e SF, e, nos demais momentos, não houve diferenças entre os grupos. Quanto à fase cicatricial, aos quatro dias todos os grupos encontravam-se na fase inflamatória, aos sete dias U 0,1% e U 0,01% permaneciam na fase inflamatória, diferindo de SF e V, que se caracterizavam na fase proliferativa. Aos 14 dias, os grupos apresentavam-se em transição de fase proliferativa para maturação e, aos 21dias, estavam todos na fase de maturação. Os grupos tratados com urucum expressaram menor resistência à tensão que V e SF. Concluiu-se com este estudo que o extrato oleoso de urucum acelera o processo cicatricial nos primeiros dias, mas proporciona uma cicatriz de baixa qualidade