COMPARISON OF DESIGN METHODS OF WATER RETAINING STRUCTUERES USING THE PROVISONS OF INTERNATIONAL CODES

Abstract: Durability and impermeability in a water-retaining structure are of prime importance if the structure is to fulfill its function over its design life. In addition, serviceability cracking tends to govern the design of water retaining structures. This research concentrates on load-induced cracking specifically that due to pure bending and to direct tension in water retaining structures. At present Sri-Lankan designers tend to use British standards in the design of water retaining structures. But today the countries in the world have adopted different codes with the belief that the code adopted will best fulfill the requirements in designing water retaining structures for their particular exposure. Even with the proper design using that selected code, a question arises about the acceptability of the design with regard to other international codes. Thus, Comparison of these international codes is of paramount importance. ACI 350M, AS 3735, BS 8007 and EN 1992-3 were the codes that were selected to do the comparison. Identifying the major contributors for cracking as flexure and direct tension load case according to the given procedure for each code to control cracking spreadsheets were developed. During the project several parameters were varied and by analyzing the obtained results, an effort was taken to evaluate the design approaches given in each code to control cracking

New similarity solution of boundary layer flow along a continuously moving convectively heated horizontal plate by deductive group method

A mathematical model is presented and analyzed for steady two-dimensional non-isothermal laminar free convective boundary layer flow along a convectively heated moving horizontal plate. New similarity transformations are developed using one parameter deductive group transformations and hence the governing transport equations are reduced to a system of coupled, nonlinear ordinary differential equations with associated boundary conditions. The reduced equations are then solved numerically by an implicit finite difference numerical method. The effects of pertinent parameters on the non-dimensional velocity, temperature, friction factor and heat transfer rates are investigated and presented graphically. It is found that friction factor decreases with the free convective parameter and rate of heat transfer increases with the convection-conduction parameter

Green synthesized materials for sensor, actuator, energy storage and energy generation: a review

Green synthesis methods have attracted enormous research interest as replacements for dangerous chemicals due to their abundance and eco-friendliness. The remarkable properties of green synthesized materials include environmental friendliness, high abundance, antimicrobial, antioxidant and biodegradability. The integration of green synthesized materials in electronic devices not only enhances the economic benefit of natural waste resources but also conserves our environment. This review article is dealing with the current research efforts in green synthesized materials trends, challenges and their potential applications in sensors, actuators, energy storage and energy generation.This publication is made possible by NPRP grant 10-0127-170269 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.Scopu