Dealing with non-termination in DCGs

The objective of this paper is to study a practical approach to deal with non-termination in de nite clause grammars. We focus on two problems, loop and cyclic structure detection and representation, maintaining a tight balance between practical e ciency and operational completeness. In order to guarantee the validity of our conclusions, we rst map our study to a common situated framework, where the e ectiveness of each approach will be examined and, later, compared by running experiments.Eje: TeoríaRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Dealing with non-termination in DCGs

The objective of this paper is to study a practical approach to deal with non-termination in de nite clause grammars. We focus on two problems, loop and cyclic structure detection and representation, maintaining a tight balance between practical e ciency and operational completeness. In order to guarantee the validity of our conclusions, we rst map our study to a common situated framework, where the e ectiveness of each approach will be examined and, later, compared by running experiments.Eje: TeoríaRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Atherogenic lipid profile of Brazilian near-term newborns

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death in Brazil. Recent studies have shown that low birth weight and preterm birth are linked to a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to compare the levels of lipids and apolipoproteins and atherogenic indexes between term and near-term newborn infants. A sample of umbilical cord blood was obtained from 135 newborns (66 males) divided into two groups: 25 near-term neonates (35-36.6 weeks of gestational age) and 110 term neonates (37-42 weeks of gestational age). The total cholesterol concentrations were higher in the near-term neonates than in the term group (94.04 ± 8.02 vs 70.42 ± 1.63 mg/dl, P < 0.01), due to an increase in the LDL-cholesterol fraction in the near-term group (57.76 ± 6.39 vs 34.38 ± 1.29 mg/dl, P < 0.001). The atherogenic indexes (total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I) were higher in the near-term group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.05, respectively). The gestational age of the newborns was inversely correlated with total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and also with the total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol indexes. These findings demonstrate that the lipid profile is worse in the group of near-term neonates compared with the term group. Future studies are needed to determine if this atherogenic profile in near-term neonates can affect body metabolism, increasing the risk for cardiovascular diseases in adult life.75576

Reutilización de aguas depuradas en riego

Visión general del filtrado HAWLE-OPTIFIL »Visión general de la reutilización »Simulación de funcionamiento »Detalles de construcción »Certificados »Especificaciones Técnicas »Referencias »Planta Móvil de tratamiento de agua HAWLE-CANFIL »Áreas de aplicación »Funcionamiento »Dimensiones »Especificaciones Técnicas »Referencia

Dosificación de fenobarbital y difenilhidantoina en pacientes referidos al centro de información y asistencia toxicológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia

El presente estudio abarca el análisis de los resultados de las dosificaciones realizadas durante 1987 y 1988 de fenobarbital y difenilhidantoína a través del Centro de Información y Asistencia Toxicológica, -CIAT-, de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, encontrándonse que de los 508 análisis realizados solamente un 18.2% de los pacientes para fenobarbital y un 46% para difenilhidantoína, presentaban concentraciones correspondientes al rango normal.   Con estos datos se confirmó que los controles de los niveles sanguíneos se hacen necesarios para lograr adecuar la dosis a cada paciente y con esta individualización llegar a obtener los beneficios terapéuticos deseados

Toll-like receptor 9 modifies intestinal serotonergic system.

Introduction: Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells, which recognize microbiota developing different responses 1. Several studies have shown that TLR9 seems to be involved in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) due to an inappropriate defensive response against microorganisms 2. Moreover, intestinal serotonergic system is also altered in IBD, where extracellular serotonin (5–HT) levels are increased 3. 5-HT bioavailability is mainly regulated by the serotonin transporter (SERT), expressed in enterocytes 4. Aims & Methods: The aim of the present study was to analyse whether TLR9 activation affects SERT expression and activity, and expression of other elements from the serotonergic system (TPH1, TPH2 and 5-HT receptors). Human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells, and ileum and colon from TLR9-/- mice and Dextran Sulphate Sodium (DSS) mouse colitis model were used as experimental models. mRNA expression was determined by RT-qPCR, and protein expression by western blot..

Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 cooperate in the control of the emerging pathogen Brucella microti

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen-derived molecules and play a critical role during the host innate and adaptive immune response. Brucella spp. are intracellular gram-negative bacteria including several virulent species, which cause a chronic zoonotic infection in a wide range of mammalian hosts known as brucellosis. A new Brucella species, Brucella microti, was recently isolated from wild rodents and found to be highly pathogenic in mice. Using this species-specific model, it was previously found that CD8+ T cells are required to control this infection. In order to find out the role of TLR-mediated responses in the control of this pathogen, the course of infection of B. microti was analyzed over 3 weeks in wild-type (WT) and TLR knock out (KO) mice including TLR2-/-, TLR4-/-, TLR9-/-, TLR2×4-/- and TLR2×4×9-/-. WT and single TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 KO mice similarly control infection in liver and spleen. In contrast, bacterial clearance was delayed in TLR2×4-/- and TLR2×4×9-/- mice at 7 and 14 days post-infection. This defect correlated with impaired maturation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in B. microti-infected dendritic cells from TLR2×4-/- and TLR2×4×9-/- mice. Finally, it was found that Tc cells from TLR2×4-/- and TLR2×4×9-/- mice showed reduced ability to inhibit growth of B. microti in macrophages, suggesting the involvement of TLR2 and 4 in the generation of specific Tc cells. Our findings indicate that TLR2 and TLR4 are required to control B. microti infection in mice and that this effect could be related to its participation in the maturation of dendritic cells and the generation of specific CD8+ Tc cells

Dealing with non-termination in DCGs

The objective of this paper is to study a practical approach to deal with non-termination in de nite clause grammars. We focus on two problems, loop and cyclic structure detection and representation, maintaining a tight balance between practical e ciency and operational completeness. In order to guarantee the validity of our conclusions, we rst map our study to a common situated framework, where the e ectiveness of each approach will be examined and, later, compared by running experiments.Eje: TeoríaRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Toll-like receptor 9 activation affects intestinal serotonin transporter activity and expression in Caco-2 cells

Background: Toll-like Receptor 9 (TLR9) is expressed mainly in the endosomal membrane of intestinal cells and mediates intestinal host-microbiota interaction. Serotonin (5-HT) is an intestinal neuromodulator involved in the intestinal immunity and homeostasis. In addition, a high level of 5-HT has been described in intestinal inflammation. 5-HT intestinal availability is mainly regulated by the serotonin transporter (SERT) expressed in enterocytes. Aim: The interaction of TLR9 with serotoninergic system remains known. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of TLR9 activation on SERT activity and expression. Methods: Caco-2 cells and colon from wild type (WT) and TLR9 C57BL/10 mice were used in this study. SERT activity (5-HT uptake) in Caco-2 cells and SERT expression (RT-qPCR and western blotting) in both Caco-2 cells and colon from WT and TLR9 mice, were analyzed. TLR9 mRNA and protein levels were also measured in Caco-2 cells. Results: TLR9 activation in Caco-2 cells reduced SERT activity in a MyD88 independent-way. SERT mRNA and protein level in both cell lysate and brush border membrane, were also diminished. SERT protein expression in colon of TLR9 mice resulted augmented compared with WT mice. Interestingly, activation of TLR9 in Caco-2 cells diminished TLR9 mRNA and protein in the cell lysate; however, TLR9 protein in brush border resulted increased. Conclusions: The results of this work highlight the role of TLR9 as a mediator intestinal homeostasis and/or intestinal inflammation by regulating intestinal serotoninergic system

La disfunción familiar como predisponente de la enfermedad mental. ¿Existe tal asociación?

ObjetivosEl objetivo principal es conocer la relación entre la disfunción familiar y la presencia de trastorno mental. El objetivo secundario es conocer la prevalencia y la distribución de los principales tipos de patología mental en la población atendida en atención primaria.Diseño y emplazamientoEstudio descriptivo y transversal realizado en 6 consultas de medicina de familia de un área básica de salud semiurbana.MétodoSe seleccionaron 280 sujetos mediante muestreo aleatorio sistemático de los que acudieron espontáneamente a la consulta. Mediante entrevista se recogieron las variables de estudio: dinámica familiar (medida mediante el test de APGAR familiar), estructura familiar, variables sociodemográficas y presencia de trastorno mental detectado mediante la Mini International Neuropsyquiatric Interview (MINI-DSM IV).ResultadosAceptaron participar 264 sujetos. Un 64,4% era mujer y la media de edad fue de 45,6 años (DE, 16,7). Se detectó patología mental en 87 participantes (33%), siendo la patología más frecuente trastorno de ansiedad generalizada, distimia y depresión mayor. Se encontró alteración de la dinámica familiar en 32 personas (12,3%). No se observaron diferencias significativas en la frecuencia de presentación de patología mental entre el grupo con disfunción familiar y el resto.ConclusionesLos trastornos de salud mental son frecuentes entre los pacientes que acuden a las consultas de atención primaria. No encontramos asociación entre las alteraciones de la dinámica familiar y los trastornos de salud mental, lo que podría deberse a la dificultad para detectar disfunción familiar con el test de APGAR.ObjectivesThe main purpose is to describe the relationship between family disfunction and mental disorder. The secondary objective is to know the prevalence and distribution of mental disorders in primary care attended population.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary care setting.Patients and methodsRandom sample was selected over 280 subjects from consultant population. The variables (family function, family structure, social and economic conditions and mental disorders) were collected through interview. APGAR test and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview test were performed.Results264 patients were finally included (64% women). Mean age was 45,6 years (SD 16,7). Mental disorders were detected in 87 patients (33%). The most prevalent disorders were generalized anxiety disorder, dysthymia and major depression. family disfunction was found in 32 patients (12,3%). Prevalence of mental disorders wasn't statistically different in the group with family disfunction.ConclusionMental disorders are a common problem between primary care attended population. There wasn't any association between family disfunction and mental disorders, because of the limitations in the APGAR test in detecting family disfunction