A reappraisal of the problematic European, Late Cretaceous brachiopod <i>Leptothyrellopsis polonicus</i> Bitner & Pisera, 1979

This short note presents an emended description of Leptothyrellopsis polonicus BITNER & PISERA, 1979 based on new and well-preserved materia] from Cuesmes and Ciply (Mons Basin, Hainaut, Belgium), as well as re-examination of type and additional material from Mielnik, eastern Poland. The stratigraphic range of L. polonicus is defined as from Lower Campanian to Upper Maastrichtian. On the basis of comparisons between Leptothyrellopsis polonicus and various other similar-looking brachiopods, including the Recent Leptothyrella MUIR-WOOD, Leptothyrellopsis polonicus is retained, meantime, in Incertae sedis

Brachiopod-based oxygen-isotope thermometer: Update and review

In the early 1950\u2019s, McCrea and Epstein and co-workers laid the foundation for the oxygen isotope-based thermometers. Many variations of the thermometer have been since formulated based on synthetic and biogenic carbonates. Overall, the use and application of oxygen isotope thermometers must consider and be specific as to the mineralogy, and whether it is synthetic, abiogenic or biogenic carbonate. Here, we propose an updated and refined oxygen-isotope thermometer based on a large database of articulated brachiopods from high to low latitudes, cold to warm and shallow to deep-water regimes. In general, brachiopod-based oxygen isotopes are offset from abiogenic calcite precipitated in thermodynamic equilibrium by about -1 . They maintain this offset and that allows for the determination of robust ambient water temperatures over the full marine spectrum. Thus, the specific brachiopod-based oxygen-isotope thermometer applies, with few exceptions, to most modern articulated brachiopods, and potentially their ancient counterparts, and it is as follows: T\ub0C =17.3750 \u2013 4.2535 (\u3b4c-\u3b4w) + 0.1473 (\u3b4c-\u3b4w)2 (N=578, r2 = 0.980) Furthermore, it is imperative that mineralogy and taxa be considered for their appropriateness in the application of oxygen isotope thermometers on synthetic, abiogenic and biogenic marine carbonates. Articulated brachiopods are ideal recorders of oceanographic parameters due to their sessile nature, widespread distribution, high abundance in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic, high resilience to most environmental stresses (e.g., climate change - global warming, ocean acidification), and the resistance of the calcite shell \u2013 the archive \u2013 to post-depositional diagenetic alteration

The Intentional Use of Service Recovery Strategies to Influence Consumer Emotion, Cognition and Behaviour

Service recovery strategies have been identified as a critical factor in the success of. service organizations. This study develops a conceptual frame work to investigate how specific service recovery strategies influence the emotional, cognitive and negative behavioural responses of . consumers., as well as how emotion and cognition influence negative behavior. Understanding the impact of specific service recovery strategies will allow service providers' to more deliberately and intentionally engage in strategies that result in positive organizational outcomes. This study was conducted using a 2 x 2 between-subjects quasi-experimental design. The results suggest that service recovery has a significant impact on emotion, cognition and negative behavior. Similarly, satisfaction, negative emotion and positive emotion all influence negative behavior but distributive justice has no effect

Observational diagnostics of gas in protoplanetary disks

Protoplanetary disks are composed primarily of gas (99% of the mass). Nevertheless, relatively few observational constraints exist for the gas in disks. In this review, I discuss several observational diagnostics in the UV, optical, near-IR, mid-IR, and (sub)-mm wavelengths that have been employed to study the gas in the disks of young stellar objects. I concentrate in diagnostics that probe the inner 20 AU of the disk, the region where planets are expected to form. I discuss the potential and limitations of each gas tracer and present prospects for future research.Comment: Review written for the proceedings of the conference "Origin and Evolution of Planets 2008", Ascona, Switzerland, June 29 - July 4, 2008. Date manuscript: October 2008. 17 Pages, 6 graphics, 134 reference

Brachiopods from the Lower Miocene of King George Island, West Antarctica

Brachiopods are reported for the first time from the Lower Miocene Cape Melville Formation of King George Island, South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica. Two genera, Liothyrella Thomson and Paraldingia Richardson have been identified. This is the first occurrence of Paraldingia in Antarctica

The brachiopod Lingula in the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys

In the Middle Miocene deposits of the Central Paratethys, lingulides, because of their low taphonomic potential, are very rare and difficult to identify. Two species of Lingula, L. dumortieri Nyst, 1843 and L. dregeri Andreae, 1893, have been recorded from the Badenian (Middle Miocene) of Poland. Re−examination of the specimens has shown that none of them can be referred to Lingula dumortieri (now Glottidia dumortieri). The rounded outline of the scar of the posterior adductor muscle and the lack of the septa indicate that all the specimens must be referred to the genus Lingula. Their valves appear to be slightly more convex than in other species of Lingula and closely resemble the Recent L. tumidula Reeve, 1841. We assign all the specimens of Lingula found in the Miocene of Poland to L. dregeri. Because our specimens are juveniles and some are broken we cannot adequately redescribe this species. Lingula dregeri was distributed in the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys (Austria, Poland, Ukraine, Romania), while Glottidia dumortieri occurs in the Pliocene of Northern Europe (Atlantic Province)

A monospecific assemblage of terebratulide brachiopods in the Upper Cretaceous seep deposits of Omagari, Hokkaido, Japan

The Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) seep carbonate at Omagari (Hokkaido, Japan) yields a monospecific association of the terebratulide brachiopod Eucalathis methanophila Bitner sp. nov. The association is the only occurrence of brachiopods known from the post−Early Cretaceous history of chemosynthesis−based communities. Unlike many earlier rhynchonellide−dominated hydrocarbon seep associations—which disappeared in Aptian times—this association is composed of chlidonophorid terebratulides. It is hypothesised here that large rhynchonellide brachiopods have been outcompeted from chemosynthesis−based associations by large chemosymbiotic bivalves (especially lucinids) and that this seep association containing numerous terebratulide brachiopods originated as a result of immigration from the background fauna settling in a seep that lacked numerous large bivalves but offered some hard substrates for brachiopod attachment. Some living chlidonophorids are known to settle around seep/vent localities or more generally in deep−water hard−substrate settings. We review occurrences of brachiopods in chemosynthesis−based associations and show that brachiopods immigrated repeatedly to seep/vent environments. Eucalathis methanophila Bitner sp. nov. represents the oldest and single Mesozoic record of the genus. The new species is similar in ornamentation to three living species, Indo−Pacific E. murrayi, eastern Atlantic E. tuberata, and Caribbean E. cubensis but differs in having a higher beak and wider loop. Additionally the studied species is nearly twice as large as E. tuberata