Understanding an empirically optimized contact

The electronic structure of the interface between the boron-doped oxygenated amorphous silicon “window layer” (a-SiOx:H(B)) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) was investigated using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and compared to that of the boron-doped microcrystalline silicon (μc- Si:H(B))/ZnO:Al interface. The corresponding valence band offsets have been determined to be (−2.87 ± 0.27) eV and (−3.37 ± 0.27) eV, respectively. A lower tunnel junction barrier height at the μc-Si:H(B)/ZnO:Al interface compared to that at the a-SiOx:H(B)/ZnO:Al interface is found and linked to the higher device performances in cells where a μc-Si:H(B) buffer between the a-Si:H p-i-n absorber stack and the ZnO:Al contact is employed

Intraplate paleostresses reconstructed with calcite twinning and faulting: improved method and application to the eastern Paris Basin (Lorraine, France)

Tectonophysics, v. 387, n. 1-4, p. 1-21, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2004.03.002International audienc

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion : Insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

International audienceCalcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena

Deep alteration between Hellas and Isidis Basins

Recent investigations of alteration of martian crustal outcrops suggest putative crustal hydrothermal systems, which are favorable environments for the emergence of life. In this study, we perform an analysis of the CRISM targeted observations covering crustal outcrops in the region between the Hellas and Isidis basins with the goal of investigating the alteration phases. Over the wide studied region, we detect the presence of possible serpentines, chlorites, smectites and carbonates. These detections occur within ejecta blankets, crater walls and central uplifts of impact craters. We investigate the relation between the observed associations of minerals and the ages of the impact craters assessed by crater count. No clear relation is observed. We also investigate the relationship between the group of detected mineral and the pre-impact depth of the studied outcrops assessed from the size of the impact craters. This method allows us to reconstruct the pre-impact cross-section. We suggest that alteration of the first 7 km of the crust between the Hellas and Isidis basins may have undergone alteration processes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Contraintes quaternaires révélées par l'inversion du maclage de la calcite : Apports des observations de la carrière souterraine de Savonnières (Est de la France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north-south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. © 2003 Académie des sciences. Published by Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.Des échantillons de calcite ont été prélevés dans la matrice de la roche et dans un placage superficiel sur un plan de faille karstifié d'une carrière souterraine de l'Est du Bassin parisien. L'âge de la karstification est quaternaire. L'analyse du maclage de la calcite a révélé que seule la matrice a subi une compression WNW, attribuable à la collision alpine du Mio-Pliocène. Le placage et la matrice ont tous deux subi un état de contraintes décrochant, avec σ1 orienté nord–sud, qui pourrait correspondre à l'état de contraintes régional actuel, compressif décrochant plutôt orienté NNW, modifié par des phénomènes locaux