Exact analytical solution of the problem of current-carrying states of the Josephson junction in external magnetic fields

The classical problem of the Josephson junction of arbitrary length W in the presence of externally applied magnetic fields (H) and transport currents (J) is reconsidered from the point of view of stability theory. In particular, we derive the complete infinite set of exact analytical solutions for the phase difference that describe the current-carrying states of the junction with arbitrary W and an arbitrary mode of the injection of J. These solutions are parameterized by two natural parameters: the constants of integration. The boundaries of their stability regions in the parametric plane are determined by a corresponding infinite set of exact functional equations. Being mapped to the physical plane (H,J), these boundaries yield the dependence of the critical transport current Jc on H. Contrary to a wide-spread belief, the exact analytical dependence Jc=Jc(H) proves to be multivalued even for arbitrarily small W. What is more, the exact solution reveals the existence of unquantized Josephson vortices carrying fractional flux and located near one of the junction edges, provided that J is sufficiently close to Jc for certain finite values of H. This conclusion (as well as other exact analytical results) is illustrated by a graphical analysis of typical cases.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Remote detection of traces of high energetic materials

The possibility of remote detection of traces of high energetic materials using laser fragmentation/laser-induced fluorescence (LF/LIF) method is studied. Experimental data on the remote visualization of traces of trinitrotoluene, hexogen, composition B, octogen, and tetryl obtained at a distance of 5 m with a scanning lidar detector of traces of high energetic materials are presented

ІМУНОЛОГІЧНІ ЕФЕКТИ КРІОХІРУРГІЇ ПЕРЕДПУХЛИННИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ ШИЙКИ МАТКИ.

Analysis of obtained results shows that in 3 months after cryotherapy real positive improvements ( p< 0,05) of the indices of local immunity take place. Positive influence of cryosurgical treatment on dysplasia of the neck of the womb is manifested by IgA concentration increase by absence of M class immunoglobulins in the cervical mucosa. IgG concentrations in 3 months after cryotherapy didn’t differ from indices in Control group. Tendency to normalization of sIgA concentration we explain as a result of partial normalization of synthesis of secretory component by epithelial cells of the cervical canal of the neck of the womb. Positive results of indices of local immunity can be explained by healing of the focus of cryonecrosis within 10-12 weeks after operation.Анализ полученных данных указывает на то, что через 3 месяца после криотерапии имеют место достоверные (р<0,05) позитивные изменения показателей местного иммунитета. Позитивное влияние криохирургического лечения дисплазий шейки матки проявляется повышением концентрации IgA, отсутствием в цервикальной слизи иммуноглобулинов класса М. Концентрации IgG через 3 месяца после криотерапии не отличались от показателей в Контрольной группе. Тенденцию к нормализации концентраций slgA мы расцениваем как результат частичной нормализации синтеза секреторного компонента эпителиальными клетками цервикального канала шейки матки. Позитивные сдвиги показателей местного иммунитета можно объяснить заживлением очага крионекроза на 10-12-й неделе после операции.Аналіз отриманих даних вказує нате, що через 3 місяці після кріотерапії мають місце достовірні (р<0,05) позитивні зрушення показників місцевого імунітету. Позитивний вплив кріохірургічного лікування дисплазій шийки матки проявляється підвищенням концентрацій ІдА, відсутністю у цервікальному слизу імуноглобулінів класу М. Концентрації IgG черезЗ місяці після кріотерапії'не відрізнялися від показників у Контрольній групі. Тенденцію до нормалізації концентрацій slgA ми тлумачимо як результат часткової нормалізації синтезу секреторного компоненту епітеліальними клітинами цервікального каналу шийки матки. Позитивні зсуви показників місцевого імунітету можна пояснити загоєнням вогнища кріонекрозу на 10-12-му тижні після операції

Immunohistochemical features of the bone tissue of the lower extremities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy is a serious disabling complication of diabetes mellitus, which, in the absence of timely correct treatment, can lead to high amputations of the affected limb. At present, the reasons and mechanism of the development of Charcot’s foot are not completely clear. It is extremely important to determine the pathophysiological mechanisms of DNOAP formation and to search for reliable markers-predictors of this pathology.Aim: To study the immunohistochemical characteristics of the bone tissue of the lower extremities in patients with diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy in comparison with patients with diabetes mellitus without this pathology.Materials and methods: During the foot surgery, a bone fragment of the foot was harvested for immunohistochemical study of receptor markers for PINP, PIIINP, and RAGE in the group of patients with DNOAP compared with the control group.Results: The study included 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and were divided into 2 groups: 10 patients with DNOAP made up group 1, 10 patients without DNOAP — group 2.Patients in both groups were comparable in AGE, experience with type 2 diabetes, and glycemic control.During the immunohistochemical study, a significant increase in the staining intensity of receptor markers for PINP, PIIINP, and AGE was recorded in the group of patients with DNOAP compared with the control group (p <0.05).Conclusion: For the first time, an immunohistochemical study of markers of bone resorption and AGE was carried out in persons with DNOAP. The results obtained indicate impaired collagen formation and, as a consequence, impaired bone formation and bone resorption in patients with DNOAP: in group 1, a statistically significant increase in the expression of PINP, PIIINP, and RAGE was revealed

Particular Characteristics of the Synthesis of Titanium Nitride Nanopowders in the Plasma of Low Pressure Arc Discharge

The method of producing TiN nanopowders in the plasma of low pressure arc discharge in nitrogen atmosphere is discussed. The influence of gas pressure on nanopowder dispersion is studied. It is shown that the particles have nanometer size and a narrow particle size distribution

A Case of Medullary Carcinoma of the Jejunum Combined with the Intestinal Lymphangiectasia Accompanied by the Malabsorption Syndrome

Aim: to present a clinical and morphological observation of an extremely rare combination of medullary carcinoma of the jejunum and intestinal lymphangiectasia in a 33-year-old patient with clinical features of malabsorption syndrome over the 10 years.Key points. An autopsy revealed a tumor formation spreading from the wall of the jejunum to the mesentery, with metastases to the mesenteric lymph nodes. The medullary carcinoma with positive expression of СD117, DOG1, EMA, PanCK, PDL-1, vimentin, mosaic non-intense expression of CA19-9, calretinin, CD10, CDX2, CEA, MUC-5AC, SATB2, and negative reaction to ALK, CD3, CD8, CD20, CD30, CD31, CD34, CD45, CD56, chromogranin, CK7, CK20, desmin. The proliferative index was high: Ki-67 > 80 %. Moreover, during the histological examination of the intestinal wall, intestinal lymphangiectasia complicated by the malabsorption syndrome was revealed.Conclusion. The uniqueness of this clinical and morphological case is in the combination of medullary carcinoma of the jejunum metastasized to the mesenteric lymph nodes with the underlying intestinal lymphangiectasia accompanied by the development of malabsorption syndrome

ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИНДИКАТОРЫ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ОБЪЕМОВ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ ВИДОВ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ В СЛУЧАЯХ РАКА МОЛОЧНЫХ ЖЕЛЕЗ

Introduction. The diagnostic possibilities for breast cancer (BC) are expanding. The results of BC patients treatment are also improving. The 5-year survival rate in BC patients is increasing. The number of mastectomy (ME) in BC patients does  not decrease. Therefore, the BC epidemiological data analysis in the female population of Russia is in demand to predict the need of the volumes of the breast reconstruction after ME.Methods and materials. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The information on BC cases in St. Petersburg residents in 2011–2018 yr. was analyzed. Statistical processing was carried out using the programs Statistica 12.0 for Windows, «Population cancer registry».Resalts and discussion. In 2017 yr., in St. Petersburg, the incidence of BC was 60.11 0/0000. The prevalence of BC in the analyzed period is higher than the national indicator by 19.3 %. In 2018 yr., women of working age were diagnosed with BC 16.6 % more often than in 2011. The frequency of the I–II stage BC verification in 2011 – 2018 yr. increased 1.2 times, reaching 72.2 % in 2018 yr. In 2018 yr., the 5-year survival rate in BC patients was 63.4 %.Conclusion. In connection with the annual increase in the number of BC patients undergoing ME, it is reasonable to expect an increase in potential needs for breast reconstruction, which will necessitate the expansion of the volume of hightech types of medical care provided to BC patients.Введение. Возможности диагностики рака молочных желез (РМолЖ) расширяются. Улучшаются результаты лечения больных злокачественными новообразованиями (ЗНО) молочных желез. Параметры 5-летней выживаемости больных РМолЖ увеличиваются. Число случаев проведения мастэктомии (МЭ) по поводу ЗНО МолЖ не снижается. Поэтому анализ эпидемиологических данных о наблюдениях ЗНО МолЖ у женского населения России востребован для прогнозирования необходимости оптимизации объемов восстановительного компонента оказания медицинской помощи (МП) пациенткам, подвергшимся МЭ.Методы и материалы. Проведено ретроспективное когортное исследование. Проанализированы сведения о случаях РМолЖ у жительниц Санкт-Петербурга в 2011–2018 гг. Статистическая обработка проведена с применением программ «Statistica 12,0» для Windows, «Популяционный раковый регистр».Результаты. В 2017 г. в Санкт-Петербурге заболеваемость РМолЖ зарегистрирована на уровне 60,11 0/0000. Распространенность ЗНО МолЖ за анализируемый период выше общероссийского показателя на 19,3 %. В 2018 г. РМолЖ у горожанок трудоспособного возраста диагностирован на 16,6 % чаще, чем в 2011 г. Удельный вес случаев верификации РМолЖ I–II стадии опухолевого процесса в 2011–2018 гг. возрос в 1,2 раза, достигнув 72,2 % в 2018 г. В 2018 г. параметр 5-летней выживаемости больных РМолЖ составил 63,4 %.Заключение. В связи с ежегодным увеличением численности больных РМолЖ, перенесших МЭ, допустимо ожидать рост потенциальных потребностей в протезировании МолЖ, что обусловит необходимость расширения объемов высокотехнологичных видов МП, оказываемой пациенткам с ЗНО МолЖ.

DNA Repair in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Is Distinct from That in Non-Pluripotent Human Cells

The potential for human disease treatment using human pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), also carries the risk of added genomic instability. Genomic instability is most often linked to DNA repair deficiencies, which indicates that screening/characterization of possible repair deficiencies in pluripotent human stem cells should be a necessary step prior to their clinical and research use. In this study, a comparison of DNA repair pathways in pluripotent cells, as compared to those in non-pluripotent cells, demonstrated that DNA repair capacities of pluripotent cell lines were more heterogeneous than those of differentiated lines examined and were generally greater. Although pluripotent cells had high DNA repair capacities for nucleotide excision repair, we show that ultraviolet radiation at low fluxes induced an apoptotic response in these cells, while differentiated cells lacked response to this stimulus, and note that pluripotent cells had a similar apoptotic response to alkylating agent damage. This sensitivity of pluripotent cells to damage is notable since viable pluripotent cells exhibit less ultraviolet light-induced DNA damage than do differentiated cells that receive the same flux. In addition, the importance of screening pluripotent cells for DNA repair defects was highlighted by an iPSC line that demonstrated a normal spectral karyotype, but showed both microsatellite instability and reduced DNA repair capacities in three out of four DNA repair pathways examined. Together, these results demonstrate a need to evaluate DNA repair capacities in pluripotent cell lines, in order to characterize their genomic stability, prior to their pre-clinical and clinical use

Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up

Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period