260 research outputs found
Transient Cherenkov radiation from an inhomogeneous string excited by an ultrashort laser pulse at superluminal velocity
An optical response of one-dimensional string made of dipoles with a
periodically varying density excited by a spot of light moving along the string
at the superluminal (sub-luminal) velocity is theoretically studied. The
Cherenkov radiation in such system is rather unusual, possessing both transient
and resonant character. We show that under certain conditions, in addition to
the resonant Cherenkov peak another Doppler-like frequency appears in the
radiation spectrum. Both linear (small-signal) and nonlinear regimes as well as
different string topologies are considered.Comment: accepted to Phys. Rev.
The stopping power and straggling of strongly coupled electron fluids revisited
Measuring energy losses of beams of charged
particles is an important diagnostic tool in both
modern condensed matter and plasma physics..
Stopping of relativistic ions in multicomponent plasmas
Investigation of the processes of stopping of
charged particles moving in different media is
of significant interest for many realms of Physics,
such that Nuclear Physics, Condensed Matter
Physics, Plasma Physics, etc.
The problem of evaluation of energy losses of
relativistic protons has acquired special importance
recently [1] and, due to the experimental conditions,
it is necessary to estimate relativistic corrections to
the asymptotic form of energy losses in non-ideal
multicomponent plasmas..
Stopping of relativistic ions in multicomponent plasmas
Investigation of the processes of stopping of
charged particles moving in different media is
of significant interest for many realms of Physics,
such that Nuclear Physics, Condensed Matter
Physics, Plasma Physics, etc.
The problem of evaluation of energy losses of
relativistic protons has acquired special importance
recently [1] and, due to the experimental conditions,
it is necessary to estimate relativistic corrections to
the asymptotic form of energy losses in non-ideal
multicomponent plasmas..
Simulation of wavepacket tunneling of interacting identical particles
We demonstrate a new method of simulation of nonstationary quantum processes,
considering the tunneling of two {\it interacting identical particles},
represented by wave packets. The used method of quantum molecular dynamics
(WMD) is based on the Wigner representation of quantum mechanics. In the
context of this method ensembles of classical trajectories are used to solve
quantum Wigner-Liouville equation. These classical trajectories obey
Hamilton-like equations, where the effective potential consists of the usual
classical term and the quantum term, which depends on the Wigner function and
its derivatives. The quantum term is calculated using local distribution of
trajectories in phase space, therefore classical trajectories are not
independent, contrary to classical molecular dynamics. The developed WMD method
takes into account the influence of exchange and interaction between particles.
The role of direct and exchange interactions in tunneling is analyzed. The
tunneling times for interacting particles are calculated.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
Collective and static properties of model two-component plasmas
Classical MD data on the charge-charge dynamic structure factor of
two-component plasmas (TCP) modeled in Phys. Rev. A 23, 2041 (1981) are
analyzed using the sum rules and other exact relations. The convergent power
moments of the imaginary part of the model system dielectric function are
expressed in terms of its partial static structure factors, which are computed
by the method of hypernetted chains using the Deutsch effective potential.
High-frequency asymptotic behavior of the dielectric function is specified to
include the effects of inverse bremsstrahlung. The agreement with the MD data
is improved, and important statistical characteristics of the model TCP, such
as the probability to find both electron and ion at one point, are determined.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables. Published in Physical Review E
http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e02640
The expression of apoptosis-regulating proteins Bcl-2 and Bad in liver cells of C57Bl/6 mice under light-induced functional pinealectomy and after correction with melatonin
The presence of humans and animals under long-term continuous lighting leads to a suppression of melatonin synthesis, that is, to light-induced functional pinealectomy (LIFP), and the development of desynchronosis. To create LIFP, C57Bl/6 mice were kept under 24-hour lighting (24hL) for 14 days. The animals in the control group were kept under standard lighting conditions. In the next series of experiments, mice with LIFP received daily intragastrically either melatonin (1 mg/kg body weight in 200 μl of distilled water) or 200 μl of water as a placebo. The comparison group consisted of intact animals that received placebo under standard lighting conditions. Immunohistochemical analysis (using an indirect avidin-biotin peroxidase method) revealed the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the proapoptotic protein Bad in sinusoid liver cells (a heterogeneous population consisting of the endotheliocytes, Kupffer cells, Ito cells, and Pit cells) and in individual hepatocytes. The Bad expression area in the liver of LIFP mice increased 4 times against a background of the unchanged Bcl-2 expression area. Changes in the brightness (a parameter inversely proportional to the marker concentration) of Bad and Bcl-2 areas did not reach significance. Our results indicate a weakening of the antiapoptotic protection of liver cells of LIFP animals, which creates conditions for activation of the “mitochondrial branch” of apoptosis. Melatonin treatment of LIFP mice resulted in a 3.3-fold increase in Bcl-2 expression area and a 2.7 % decrease in Bcl-2 region brightness compared with the experimental untreated group. Bad protein parameters were unreliable. Thus, melatonin treatment of animals cancels the effect of LIFP, restoring the Bcl-2 expression area and increasing this protein concentration, which indicates an increase in antiapoptotic protection and creates conditions for blocking the development of the “mitochondrial branch” of apoptosis in liver cells
Stopping of relativistic projectiles in two-component plasmas
Relativistic and correlation contributions to the polarizational energy losses of heavy
projectiles moving in dense two-component plasmas are analyzed within the method of moments
that allows one to reconstruct the Lindhard loss function from its three independently known power
frequency moments. The techniques employed result in a thorough separation of the relativistic
and correlation corrections to the classical asymptotic form for the polarizational losses obtained
by Bethe and Larkin. The above corrections are studied numerically at different values of plasma
parameters to show that the relativistic contribution enhances only slightly the corresponding
value of the stopping power.This research was financially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia Project No. ENE2010-21116-C02-02 and by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan under Grants No. 1128/GF, 1129/GF and 1099/GF. IMT acknowledges the hospitality of the al-Farabi Kazakh National University.Arkhipov, YV.; Ashikbayeva, AB.; Askaruly, A.; Davletov, AE.; Tkachenko Gorski, IM. (2013). Stopping of relativistic projectiles in two-component plasmas. EPL. 104(3):35003-p1-35003-p6. https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/104/35003S35003-p135003-p6104
Tensor Ayy and vector Ay analyzing powers in the H(d,d')X and ^{12}C(d,d')X reactons at initial deuteron momenta of 9 GeV/c in the region of baryonic resonances excitation
The angular dependence of the tensor Ayy and vector Ay analyzing powers in
the inelastic scattering of deuterons with a momentum of 9.0 GeV/c on hydrogen
and carbon have been measured. The range of measurements corresponds to the
baryonic resonance excitation with masses 2.2--2.6 GeV/c^2. The Ayy data being
in good agreement with the previous results demonstrate an approximate
scaling up to -1.5 (GeV/c)^2. The large values of A_y show a significant role
of the spin-dependent part of the elementary amplitude of the NN->NN* reaction.
The results of the experiment are compared with model predictions of the
plane-wave impulse approximation.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures. submitted to Yad.Fi
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