91 research outputs found
The Effect of Personal Health on the Formation of Human Capital: a Metasystem Approach
In article the problem of influence of the personality's health on formation of the human capital is considered. Authors have conducted theoretical researches of the existing knowledge of the human capital and justifications of influence of the personality's health on its formation are given. On the basis of the carried-out analysis it is established that now the personality's health is a significant factor of efficiency of any kind of activity and important quality of the personality, therefore, it can be considered as a factor of formation of the human capital. According to it need of determination of criteria, the indicators of health of the personality influencing formation and development of the human capital was designated
Energy dependence of Ti/Fe ratio in the Galactic cosmic rays measured by the ATIC-2 experiment
Titanium is a rare, secondary nucleus among Galactic cosmic rays. Using the
Silicon matrix in the ATIC experiment, Titanium has been separated. The energy
dependence of the Ti to Fe flux ratio in the energy region from 5 GeV per
nucleon to about 500 GeV per nucleon is presented.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy Letter
Possible structure in the cosmic ray electron spectrum measured by the ATIC-2 and ATIC-4 experiments
A strong excess in a form of a wide peak in the energy range of 300-800 GeV
was discovered in the first measurements of the electron spectrum in the energy
range from 20 GeV to 3 TeV by the balloon-borne experiment ATIC (J. Chang et
al. Nature, 2008). The experimental data processing and analysis of the
electron spectrum with different criteria for selection of electrons,
completely independent of the results reported in (J. Chang et al. Nature,
2008) is employed in the present paper. The new independent analysis generally
confirms the results of (J. Chang et al. Nature, 2008), but shows that the
spectrum in the region of the excess is represented by a number of narrow
peaks. The measured spectrum is compared to the spectrum of (J. Chang et al.
Nature, 2008) and to the spectrum of the Fermi/LAT experiment.Comment: LaTeX2e, 10 pages, 4 figures, a paper for ECRS 2010 (Turku, Finland);
http://www.astrophys-space-sci-trans.net/7/119/2011
Upturn observed in heavy nuclei to iron ratios by the ATIC-2 experiment
The ratios of fluxes of heavy nuclei from sulfur (Z=16) to chromium (Z=24) to
the flux of iron were measured by the ATIC-2 experiment. The ratios are
decreasing functions of energy from 5 GeV/n to approximately 80 GeV/n, as
expected. However, an unexpected sharp upturn in the ratios are observed for
energies above 100 GeV/n for all elements from Z=16 to Z=24. Similar upturn but
with lower amplitude was also discovered in the ATIC-2 data for the ratio of
fluxes of abundant even nuclei (C, O, Ne, Mg, Si) to the flux of iron.
Therefore the spectrum of iron is significantly different from the spectra of
other abundant even nuclei.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX2e, a paper for 23rd European Cosmic Ray Symposium
(2012
Relative abundances of cosmic ray nuclei B-C-N-O in the energy region from 10 GeV/n to 300 GeV/n. Results from ATIC-2 (the science flight of ATIC)
The ATIC balloon-borne experiment measures the energy spectra of elements
from H to Fe in primary cosmic rays from about 100 GeV to 100 TeV. ATIC is
comprised of a fully active bismuth germanate calorimeter, a carbon target with
embedded scintillator hodoscopes, and a silicon matrix that is used as the main
charge detector. The silicon matrix produces good charge resolution for protons
and helium but only partial resolution for heavier nuclei. In the present
paper, the charge resolution of ATIC was improved and backgrounds were reduced
in the region from Be to Si by using the upper layer of the scintillator
hodoscope as an additional charge detector. The flux ratios of nuclei B/C, C/O,
N/O in the energy region from about 10 GeV/nucleon to 300 GeV/nucleon obtained
from this high-resolution, high-quality charge spectra are presented, and
compared with existing theoretical predictions.Comment: 4 pages,2 figures, a paper for 30-th International Cosmic Rays
Conferenc
The Electron Calorimeter (ECAL) Long Duration Balloon Experiment
Accurate measurements of the cosmic ray electron energy spectrum in the energy region 50 GeV to greater than 1 TeV may reveal structure caused by the annihilation of exotic dark matter particles and/or individual cosmic ray sources. Here we describe a new long duration balloon (LDB) experiment, ECAL, optimized to directly measure cosmic ray electrons up to several TeV. ECAL includes a double layer silicon matrix, a scintillating optical fiber track imager, a neutron detector and a fully active calorimeter to identify more than 90% of the incident electrons with an energy resolution of about 1.7% while misidentifying only 1 in 200,000 protons and 0.8% of secondary gamma rays as electrons. Two ECAL flights in Antarctica are planned for a total exposure of 50 days with the first flight anticipate for December 2009
ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠΈ
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) obtained by two methods - thermal decomposition of iron(V) pentacarbonyl and polyol synthesis - were characterized with the use of dynamic/electrophoretic light scattering and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The obtained MNPs were tested as potential agents for magnetic hyperthermia by measuring their ability to cause water dispersion heating in an electromagnetic field.ΠΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ (ΠΠΠ§), ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ: ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π°(0) ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π°, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ/ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΠ‘Π /ΠΠ‘Π ) ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ). ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ§ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅
Determining the Detection Efficiency and Background Level of ATIC Electron Observation from Flight Data
Observations of Cosmic-ray electrons are difficult due to the large flux of cosmic ray hadrons. The event selection efficiency and background levels can be estimated from flight data for the ATIC instrument. This reduces the dependence upon Monte Carlo simulations, which show differences between different codes, thereby reducing the systematic errors resulting from analyses that only use simulations. This paper discusses some of the methods used in the ATIC analysis to determine the detection efficiency and background level for the flight data
Energy Spectra of Abundant Nuclei of Primary Cosmic Rays from the Data of ATIC-2 Experiment: Final Results
The final results of processing the data from the balloon-born experiment
ATIC-2 (Antarctica, 2002-2003) for the energy spectra of protons and He, C, O,
Ne, Mg, Si, and Fe nuclei, the spectrum of all particles, and the mean
logarithm of atomic weight of primary cosmic rays as a function of energy are
presented. The final results are based on improvement of the methods used
earlier, in particular, considerably increased resolution of the charge
spectrum. The preliminary conclusions on the significant difference in the
spectra of protons and helium nuclei (the proton spectrum is steeper) and the
non-power character of the spectra of protons and heavier nuclei (flattening of
carbon spectrum at energies above 10 TeV) are confirmed. A complex structure of
the energy dependence of the mean logarithm of atomic weight is found.Comment: 4 pages, a paper for 30th Russian Cosmic Ray Conference (2008, St.
Petersburg
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