On the Analysis of Chemical Composition of Moon's Surface by Direct Methods

Proportional counter for X ray emission detection and chemical analysis of lunar surface element

Soft-Pulse Dynamical Decoupling with Markovian Decoherence

We consider the effect of broadband decoherence on the performance of refocusing sequences, having in mind applications of dynamical decoupling in concatenation with quantum error correcting codes as the first stage of coherence protection. Specifically, we construct cumulant expansions of effective decoherence operators for a qubit driven by a pulse of a generic symmetric shape, and for several sequences of $\pi$- and $\pi/2$-pulses. While, in general, the performance of soft pulses in decoupling sequences in the presence of Markovian decoherence is worse than that of the ideal $\delta$-pulses, it can be substantially improved by shaping.Comment: New version contains minor content clarification

On the electric charge of quantized vortices and the dipole moment of vortex pairs and rings in a magnetic field

It is shown that, in the presence of a magnetic field, a quantized vortex line in a superfluid liquid acquires a linear polarization charge, which is localized near the vortex axis over a length on the order of the coherence length. It is found that the total charge of a rectilinear vortex is nonzero, while the vortex pair and vortex ring have a nonzero dipole moment. The electric fields of rectilinear vortices near the end surface of a cylindrical vessel filled with a superfluid liquid are calculated. The electric polarization of superfluid systems in the presence of thermally activated vortex pairs and vortex rings has been studied. It is shown that such a polarization arises in the presence of relative motion of the normal and superfluid components.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure

Morphology of the prothorax and procoxa in the New World Cryptocephalini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

The comparative morphology of the prothorax and procoxae of New World Cryptocephalini was studied based on representatives of 11 of the 13 genera of the tribe. This study revealed a set of characters of obvious diagnostic and possible phylogenetic value supporting the currently accepted generic classification and two subtribes instead of the three currently recognized. Two general types of prothoracies were found, the first occurring in Cryptocephalina and Monachulina and the second in Pachybrachina. Previously undescribed for Polyphaga, a monocondylic joint between the coxa and trochantin, was found in all the genera studied. Possible movement of the trochanter, including the transfer of advance movement into rotation, is described and illustrated

Morphology of the prothorax and procoxa in the New World Cryptocephalini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

The comparative morphology of the prothorax and procoxae of New World Cryptocephalini was studied based on representatives of 11 of the 13 genera of the tribe. This study revealed a set of characters of obvious diagnostic and possible phylogenetic value supporting the currently accepted generic classification and two subtribes instead of the three currently recognized. Two general types of prothoracies were found, the first occurring in Cryptocephalina and Monachulina and the second in Pachybrachina. Previously undescribed for Polyphaga, a monocondylic joint between the coxa and trochantin, was found in all the genera studied. Possible movement of the trochanter, including the transfer of advance movement into rotation, is described and illustrated

Механизм получения работы в термодинамической системе

Однією з важливих задач технічної термодинаміки є визначення характеру перетворення енергії всередині робочого тіла під час виконання ним роботи. Це важко зробити, коли невідома структура енергії робочого тіла, немає чітко визначеного фізичного змісту ентропії, невідомо джерело ентропії і його потужність. Щоб дати відповіді на ці і низку інших запитань, необхідно знайти структуру енергії робочого тіла, провести аналіз змін, які мають місце у цій структурі за різних умов проходження термодинамічних процесів.One of the important tasks of technical thermodynamics is to determine the nature of energy conversion within the working during the performance of work. It’s hard to do when the unknown structure of energy working body, there is clearly defined physical meaning of entropy, unknown source of entropy and it’s power. To provide answers to these and a number of other questions need to find the structure of energy working body, to analyze the changes that take place in this structure under different conditions of thermodynamic processes.Одной из важных задач технической термодинамики является определение характера преобразования энергии внутри рабочего тела во время выполнения им работы. Это трудно сделать, когда неизвестна структура энергии рабочего тела, нет четко определенного физического смысла энтропии, неизвестно источник энтропии и его мощность. Чтобы ответить на эти и ряд других вопросов, необходимо найти структуру энергии рабочего тела, провести анализ изменений, которые имеют место в этой структуре в различных условиях прохождения термодинамических процессов