Assessing Udaleku 2013: The Effects of Gender, Age, Family, and Community on Basque Youth Skills, Interest, Identity and Pride

One hundred Basque-American youth between the ages of nine and fifteen were interviewed at the beginning and end of a two week long Udaleku held in Bakersfield California in 2013 to determine: 1) the primary reason children attended Basque camp 2) the skills and abilities participants exhibited at the onset of Udaleku 3) the extent to which youth skills and interest in txistu, song, dance, euskara, pala, and mus changed over the course of camp, 4) the effect Udaleku had on the children’s level of Basque identity and pride 5) the children’s assessment of camp conditions, organization and instruction, and 6) the effects of gender, age, family composition, and Basque community of origin on skills, interests, identity and pride

Ethnic Identity Formation Among Basque-American Adolescents

This article focuses on the ethnic identity formation among one hundred Basque-American youth between the ages of nine and fifteen who were interviewed at the beginning and end of a two week long Udaleku held in Bakersfield California in 2013. This project explores four key questions related to the internal thought processes used by camp attendees to account for or try to make sense of their ethnicity. First, were camp attendees confident or confused about their ethnicity? Second, have participants attempted to “explore” their ethnicity and, if so how? Third, what does “being Basque” mean to camp participants and is their understanding primarily derived from the self or from significant others? And fourth, how do the above questions vary in terms of age, gender, family composition and club affiliation

Thermal modification of wood and a complex study of its properties by magnetic resonance and other methods

© 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.Thermal modification of wood is an effective method to improve some of the properties of wood. It is reported on studies of vacuum thermal-treated wood species by magnetic resonance methods. Wood species such as Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), birch (Betula pendula), Russian larch (Larix sibirica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata) were vacuum treated by heat at 220 °C with various durations up to 8 h. This selection of wood species was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance and microscopy methods before and after the thermal treatment. Electron paramagnetic resonance experiments revealed changes in the amount of free radicals in samples with the thermal treatment duration. Additional information on magnetic relaxation of 1H nuclei in samples at room temperature was obtained. Optical microscope analysis helped to detect structural changes in the thermally modified wood. Important properties of wood such as wood hardness and humidity absorption were also studied. The original results that were obtained correlate and complement each other, and clarify changes in the wood structure that appear with the heat treatment

Crecer en familia hoy: El desafío de la pluralidad.

¿Qué es lo que entendemos por familia hoy en día y qué contribuye a formarla? En otras palabras, ¿qué es lo que hace familia en la actualidad? En diciembre del 2018, una veintena de profesionales de la educación provenientes de cuatro países (España, Francia, Italia y Rumanía) se reunieron en Barcelona durante una semana para compartir con los investigadores una serie de actividades y aprendizajes en torno a esta cuestión. Fue el comienzo de una prolongada y compleja investigación llevada a cabo por un grupo multilingüe, multiprofesional e interdisciplinario cuyo resultado es esta primera producción intelectual. ¿Qué transformaciones están experimentando las familias? ¿Cómo han cambiado los modelos familiares en los últimos cincuenta años? ¿Cuáles son los principales retos a los que se enfrentan las familias y los profesionales que las acompañan? Las preguntas aquí planteadas no tratan de moldear una nueva definición de familia; más bien, se centran en el proceso de “crecer en familia” para saber qué lugar ocupan los niños y las niñas en la vida familiar y comunitaria. A pesar de que es posible identificar tendencias transversales a nivel europeo, es en la pluralidad donde hemos identificado el principal desafío. La diversificación de los modelos familiares, la multiplicidad legislativa en la que se basa el derecho de familia y los procesos de acompañamiento, que implican una constelación de actores y vulnerabilidades, constituyen la base sobre la que se cimienta esta pluralidad. Tal y como dice el proverbio africano, para educar a un niño hace falta la tribu entera. Por ello, desde una visión ecológica del desarrollo humano y desde la parentalidad entendida como una fenómeno complejo, dinámico y multifactorial, nos hemos basado en nuestras experiencias personales y profesionales para reflexionar sobre aquellos lugares, prácticas, personas, instituciones y redes que forman parte del desarrollo la infancia. La pregunta “¿Qué hace hoy a una familia?” se aborda, por tanto, desde el punto de vista específico de los profesionales e investigadores que trabajan en los servicios sociales o en las universidades con el objetivo de brindar el mayor apoyo posible a los progenitores y a las comunidades locales en la educación y en el desarrollo de niños y niñas. A partir de las diferencias contextuales que caracterizan a los cuatro países participantes, la puesta en conjunto nos ha permitido adquirir, en un intercambio fructífero de prácticas y herramientas, una visión panorámica que va de lo específico a lo general

Wood thermodegradation: experimental analysis and modeling of mass loss kinetics

International audienceIn this study, heat treatment was carried out in a relatively low temperature (230 degrees C). Mass loss kinetics was studied using equipment, specially conceived to measure sample's mass during the thermal treatment. Laboratory experiments were performed for heating rates of 1 degrees C min(-1). Mathematical model for kinetics of pyrolysis process was used and validated. During the pyrolysis of dry wood samples under inert atmosphere, measurements of temperature distribution and dynamic weight loss were performed. Five different wood species Fagus sylvatica (Beech), Populus nigra (Poplar), Fraxinus excelsior (Ash), Pinus sylvestris (Pine) and Abies pectinata (Silver Fir) were investigated. The unsteady-state mathematical model equations were solved numerically using the commercial package Femlab 2.0. A detailed discussion of the computational model and the solution algorithm is given. The validity of different model assumptions was analyzed. Experimental results were compared with those calculated by the model. Acceptable agreement was achieved

Experimental and numerical analysis of wood thermodegradation

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