Properties of the PCygni wind found using the Self Absorption Curve method

We have used the optical lines of N II and Fe III to study the wind of the luminous blue variable P Cyg. This was performed by applying a version of the Self Absorption Curve (SAC) method, involving few assumptions, to lines whose flux can be measured. A rather surprising result was obtained; the lines of more excited multiplets without blue shifted absorption components appear to be optically thick, while the lines of the most excited multiplets may show some indications of being optically thicker than the lines of less excited ones. Explanations of such effects are discussed, including possible inhomogeneities in the wind.Comment: accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysic

Child Welfare Reform in Bulgaria - from Institutional to Family-Based Community Care: Engaging with Families, Children and Colleagues?

The authors present the child welfare policy reform and the process of deinstitutionalization of children's services in Bulgaria. These developments are examined in the context of the country's transition from a post-totalitarian to a liberal democratic state and from collectivistic to individual-centred practices. Therefore, the implementation of social policy promoting and regulating individualised community-based services faces challenges related to attitudes that support group-oriented and institutional-based care. There are three key contextual barriers to the provision of quality services for children with disability: engaging with the individual client, involving parents, and working in multidisciplinary teams. Clinical social work vignettes are presented to illustrate the above challenges

Early Assessment of Mental Development in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and other Neurodevelopmental Disorders - Sharing of Clinical Experience

The authors present a synthesised review of the methods for assessing mental development and autism, with an emphasis on the general tendency to reduce the age of diagnosis. Based on clinical experience, a number of particularities are described in terms of: testing, working with parents, observing and reflecting on the nature and meaning of autistic behaviours. On focus is a toolkit for detailed assessment of mental development that was elaborated within the inter-university cooperation between Sofia Medical University and Universite catholique de Louvain (UCL) - Belgium. Illustrated and discussed are typical profiles of cognitive and socio-communicative functioning of children with ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders, which help a differential diagnosis to be made by the multidisciplinary clinical team. Further described are the advantages of early assessment of mental development as a basis for future educational and therapeutic programs

Ambiente educacional como recurso de desenvolvimento para o processo de aprendizagem

Following overseas examples, educational institutions in Russia are trying to interact with other organizations implementing practical competence approach. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that modern educational environment is constantly changing both due to the dynamics of everyday and professional conditions. Due to competence approach constant monitoring and new resources are required for the development of each subject in this educational environment. The goal of the work is to create means for open social and educational environment realization which allows achieving positive results for all participants in the project. In this article, the authors raise the issue of modern educational environment creation as a resource for each subject of the educational process development.The article attempts to improve students’, teachers’ and others participants’ interested in educational environment development interaction. We try to achieve a qualitatively new level of participants’ skills and competencies development in this process. For this, analysis of the essence and structure of educational process in a higher educational institution was carried out. After that, the authors propose, within the framework of a project implemented by Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University on the organization and development of the social and educational environment, to conduct special computer literacy courses for the elderly. The courses offered combine the activities of a large number of people who, working for a common result, achieve the development of individual qualities. The results obtained are the basis for further improvement of educational environment.Siguiendo ejemplos en el extranjero, las instituciones educativas en Rusia están tratando de interactuar con otras organizaciones implementando un enfoque de competencia práctica. La relevancia del tema radica en el hecho de que el entorno educativo moderno está cambiando constantemente debido a la dinámica de las condiciones cotidianas y profesionales. Debido al enfoque de competencia, el monitoreo constante y nuevos recursos son necesarios para el desarrollo de cada asignatura en este entorno educativo. El objetivo del trabajo es crear medios para la realización de un entorno social y educativo abierto que permita lograr resultados positivos para todos los participantes en el proyecto. En este artículo, los autores plantean el tema de la creación de un entorno educativo moderno como un recurso para cada tema del desarrollo del proceso educativo.El artículo intenta mejorar la interacción entre los estudiantes, los maestros y otros participantes interesados en el desarrollo del entorno educativo. Intentamos alcanzar un nivel cualitativamente nuevo de desarrollo de habilidades y competencias de los participantes en este proceso. Para ello, se realizó un análisis de la esencia y estructura del proceso educativo en una institución de educación superior. Posteriormente, los autores proponen, en el marco de un proyecto implementado por la Universidad Pedagógica Estatal Nizhny Novgorod sobre la organización y el desarrollo del entorno social y educativo, realizar cursos especiales de alfabetización informática para personas mayores. Los cursos ofrecidos combinan las actividades de un gran número de personas que, trabajando por un resultado común, logran el desarrollo de cualidades individuales.Na sequência de exemplos no exterior, instituições educacionais na Rússia estão tentando interagir com outras organizações implementando uma abordagem de competência prática. A relevância do tema reside no fato de que o ambiente educacional moderno está em constante mudança, tanto devido à dinâmica das condições cotidianas e profissionais. Devido à abordagem de competência, monitoramento constante e novos recursos são necessários para o desenvolvimento de cada disciplina nesse ambiente educacional. O objetivo do trabalho é criar meios para a realização de um ambiente social e educacional aberto que permita alcançar resultados positivos para todos os participantes do projeto. Neste artigo, os autores levantam a questão da criação de ambientes educacionais modernos como recurso para cada sujeito do processo de desenvolvimento educacional.O artigo tenta melhorar a interação dos alunos, professores e outros participantes interessados na interação do desenvolvimento do ambiente educacional. Tentamos alcançar um nível qualitativamente novo de desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências dos participantes neste processo. Para isso, foi realizada a análise da essência e estrutura do processo educacional em uma instituição de ensino superior. Em seguida, os autores propõem, no âmbito de um projeto implementado pela Universidade Pedagógica Estadual Nizhny Novgorod, a organização e desenvolvimento do ambiente socioeducacional, para a realização de cursos especiais de alfabetização em informática para idosos. Os cursos oferecidos combinam as atividades de um grande número de pessoas que, trabalhando por um resultado comum, alcançam o desenvolvimento de qualidades individuai

Nonlinear dynamics of soft fermion excitations in hot QCD plasma III: Soft-quark bremsstrahlung and energy losses

In general line with our early works [Yu.A. Markov, M.A. Markova, Nucl. Phys. A770 (2006) 162; 784 (2007) 443] within the framework of a semiclassical approximation the general theory of calculation of effective currents and sources generating bremsstrahlung of an arbitrary number of soft quarks and soft gluons at collision of a high-energy color-charged particle with thermal partons in a hot quark-gluon plasma, is developed. For the case of one- and two-scattering thermal partons with radiation of one or two soft excitations, the effective currents and sources are calculated in an explicit form. In the model case of `frozen' medium, approximate expressions for energy losses induced by the most simple processes of bremsstrahlung of soft quark and soft gluon, are derived. On the basis of a conception of the mutual cancellation of singularities in the sum of so-called `diagonal' and `off-diagonal' contributions to the energy losses, an effective method of determining color factors in scattering probabilities, containing the initial values of Grassmann color charges, is suggested. The dynamical equations for Grassmann color charges of hard particle used by us early are proved to be insufficient for investigation of the higher radiative processes. It is shown that for correct description of these processes the given equations should be supplemented successively with the higher-order terms in powers of the soft fermionic field.Comment: 93 pages, 20 figure

Прогнозирование эффективности терапии тофацитинибом по экспрессии генов провоспалительных цитокинов и протеаз в культивированных клетках крови больных ревматоидным артритом

The effectiveness of personalized therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with the correct choice of the drug and the ability to predict its effect before starting the treatment.Objective: to study in patients with RA the relationship between results of therapy and initial expression of genes responsible for bone and articular cartilage resorption (matrix metalloproteinase 9 – MMP9, – cathepsin K) and inflammation (tumor necrosis factor α – TNFα – and interleukin 1β – IL1β) in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood (PBMC), cultured with tofacitinib (TOFA).Patients and methods. We examined 12 patients with RA who had not previously received TOFA. The average age of the patients was 51 years, the average duration of the disease was 37.6 months. After 3 months of TOFA therapy, 6 patients achieved remission, while the rest had high and moderate disease activity. PBMC were isolated before therapy using a Ficoll density gradient and cultured in the presence of 100 nM TOFA for 48 h. Total RNA obtained from these cells was used to analyze the expression of MMP9, cathepsin K, IL1β, and TNFα genes using a real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results and discussion. TOFA is able to modify gene expression in cultured PBMC from RA patients compared to control cells. The initial expression of all the studied genes was significantly increased in cultured with TOFA cells of patients with persistent high and moderate disease activity during therapy, while TNFα gene expression was significantly reduced in patients who achieved remission.Conclusion. In patients with RA who have not previously received TOFA, a decrease in TNFα gene expression in blood cells cultured with this drug before the start of therapy may be a prognostic biomarker for achieving remission during TOFA therapy. Эффективность персонализированной терапии ревматоидного артрита (РА) связана с правильным выбором лекарственного препарата и возможностью прогнозирования его эффекта до начала лечения.Цель исследования – изучение у пациентов с РА связи исходной экспрессии генов, ответственных за резорбцию кости и суставного хряща (матриксная металлопротеиназа 9 – ММП9, – катепсин К) и воспаление (фактор некроза опухоли α – ФНОα – и интерлейкин 1β – ИЛ1β), в мононуклеарных клетках периферической крови (МКПК), культивированных с тофацитинибом (TОФА), с результатами терапии.Пациенты и методы. Обследовано 12 пациентов с РА, ранее не получавших TОФА. Средний возраст больных составил 51 год, средняя продолжительность заболевания – 37,6 мес. У 6 пациентов после 3 мес терапии ТОФА наступила ремиссия, у остальных сохранялась высокая и умеренная активность заболевания. МКПК выделяли перед терапией с использованием градиента плотности фиколла и культивировали в присутствии 100 нМ TОФА в течение 48 ч. Общую РНК, полученную из этих клеток, использовали для анализа экспрессии генов MMП9, катепсина К, ИЛ1β и ФНОα с помощью количественной полимеразной цепной реакции обратной транскрипции в реальном времени.Результаты и обсуждение. TОФА способен модифицировать экспрессию генов в культивированных МКПК больных РА по сравнению с контрольными клетками. Исходная экспрессия всех исследованных генов была значительно повышена в культивированных с TОФА клетках у пациентов с сохранявшейся высокой и умеренной активностью заболевания на фоне терапии, в то время как экспрессия гена ФНОα была значительно снижена у больных, достигших ремиссии.Заключение. У пациентов с РА, ранее не получавших TОФА, снижение экспрессии гена ФНОα в клетках крови, культивированных с данным препаратом до начала терапии, может являться прогностическим биомаркером достижения ремиссии на фоне терапии ТОФА.

ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ СТАНДАРТНОГО ПОСАДОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА ЖИМОЛОСТИ СИНЕЙ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ

The paper highlight efficiency of standard nursery transplant producing of blue honeysuckle on the basis of recovering and accelerated propagation. This process lasts 15-16 months and it is divided into the following stages: introduction in culture in vitro, micro-propagation (proliferation) itself, rooting of microsprouts, adaptation to non-sterile conditions in the laboratory and completion of growing in the open ground. When introduced into sterile environment, growing medium Woodi Plant Medium, in comparison with traditional MurashigeSkoog medium, provided significant increase in the survival rate of explants which was 62.2 %. At the stage of micropropagation, appropriate spectral composition for microsprouts of sweet-berry honeysuckle was provided by light-emitting diode radiator with a combination of red, blue and white light 2 : 1: 1, respectively. Modified Murashige-Skoog medium appeared to be the most effective at this stage. When researchers added 1.0 mg/l 6- BAP and 0.5 mg/l kinetin, it increased significantly propagation coefficient of microsprouts appropriate for rooting. At the rooting stage, light-emitting diode radiator with combination of red, blue and white light 2 : 1 : 1, respectively provided significant increase in rooting ability of microsprouts up to 89.0%, in comparison with control group (76.0%). At the stage of adaptation, application of growing medium on the basis of highbog peat and post-planting spraying with HB-10 increased microplants establishment. These adaptation conditions have significantly increased the number of sweet-berry honeysuckle established plants. Completion of growing of established meristem sweet-berry honeysuckle plants in containers when applying growing medium on the basis of highbog peat and lowland peat (1:1) increased the yield of standard annual planting stock up to до 94.0 %. The suggested advanced biotechnological techniques that consist of five stages, allow to increase significantly the yield of the standard planting stock of sweet-berry honeysuckle in 5.5 times, to reduce the cost of planting stock on 15.2 %. The standard planting stock with closed root system was reduced to one vegetation period.Показана эффективность получения стандартного посадочного материала жимолости синей на основе оздоровления и ускоренного размножения. Данный процесс в целом составляет 15–16 месяцев и подразделяется на следующие этапы: введение в культуру in vitro, собственно микроразмножение (пролиферация), укоренение микропобегов, адаптация к нестерильным условиям в лаборатории, доращивание в условиях открытого грунта. При введении в стерильную культуру питательная среда Woodi Plant Medium в сравнении с традиционной Мурасиге-Скуга обеспечила существенное увеличение приживаемости эксплантов – до 62,2 %. На этапе микроразмножения оптимальный спектральный состав для микропобегов жимолости обеспечил светодиодный облучатель с сочетанием красного, синего и белого света 2 : 1 : 1 соответственно. Наиболее эффективной на данном этапе оказалась питательная среда Мурасиге-Скуга модифицированная. Добавление в питательную среду Мурасиге-Скуга модифицированную в последнем пассаже 6-БАП 1,0 мг/л и кинетина 0,5 мг/л значительно увеличило коэффициент размножения пригодных для укоренения микропобегов. На этапе укоренения достоверное увеличение укореняемости микропобегов до 89,0 % в сравнении с контролем (76,0 %), обеспечил светодиодный облучатель с сочетанием в спектре красного, синего и белого света 2 : 1 : 1 соответственно. На этапе адаптации значительное увеличение приживаемости микрорастений обеспечило применение субстрата на основе верхового торфа в сочетании с послепосадочным опрыскиванием препаратом НВ-10. Данные условия адаптации также существенно увеличили выход кондиционных адаптированных растений жимолости. Доращивание адаптированных меристемных растений жимолости в контейнерах с использованием субстрата на основе верхового и низинного торфа в соотношении 1 : 1 увеличило выход стандартных однолетних саженцев до 94,0 %. Предложенные усовершенствованные биотехнологические приемы, состоящие из 5 этапов, позволили значительно увеличить выход стандартного посадочного материала жимолости синей – в 5,5 раза, снизить себестоимость саженцев на 15,2 %. При этом получение стандартных саженцев с закрытой корневой системой сократилось до одного вегетационного периода

EFFECT OF TRANSPLANTATION OF IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELLS TREATED WITH CAFFEINE ON THE PARAMETERS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY

It was demonstrated that in vitro treatment with caffeine splenocytes of mice (CBAxC57Bl / 6) F1 with a passive type of behavior in «open field» modifies the functional activity of these cells, manifested in changes in spontaneous and induced cytokine production; the intravenous injection of these cells is accompanied by modulation of the parameters of the motor and exploratory activity of recipients, the nature of which depends on the dose of caffeine. At the same time were shown some changes in the synthesis of cytokines by brain cells of mice-recipients. Possible mechanisms for modulating effect of transplanted immune cells on recipient's behavior were discussed

On the model of a classical relativistic particle of constant and universal mass and spin

The deformation of the classical action for a free relativistic particle recently suggested by A. Staruszkiewicz gives rise to a spin structure which constrains the values of the invariant mass and the invariant spin to be the same for any solution of the equations of motion. We prove that both these Casimir invariants, the square of the four-momentum vector and the square of the Pauli-Luba\'{n}ski pseudo-vector, preserve the same fixed values even in the presence of an arbitrary external electromagnetic field. In the "free" case, in the centre of mass reference frame, the particle moves along a circle of fixed radius. In a homogeneous magnetic field, a number of rotational "states" is possible with frequencies slightly different from the cyclotron frequency, and "phase-like" transitions with spin flops occure at some critical value of the particle's three-momentum. In the last section, the article of Kuzenko, Lyakhovich and Segal (1994) in which, in fact, an equivalent model had been proposed and elaborated, is briefly reviewed and compared with Staruszkiewicz's approach and our results.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures; some comments, important references and afterword added. Accepted to J. Phys. A: Math. Theo

АЛГОРИТМ ОЦІНКИ СІМЕЙНОГО СТАТУСУ РОДИНИ З ОНКОЛОГІЧНИМ ПАЦІЄНТОМ

Purpose: to determine diagnostic criteria and develop an algorithm for analyzing the psychological status of the family with the cancer patient in relation to the course and treatment of the disease and its impact on family functioning. Materials and methods. The study conducted in the M. Pyrohov Medical-Psychological Center and Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Oncology Clinic during 2015–2019 years with ethical and deontological standards. Based on study modern professional literature about psychological status families with cancer patients, evaluated criteria and developed algorithm of analysis psychological status of such families. On informed consent in research for building algorithm participated 288 families with cancer patient on different stages of treatment. Results. Based on the definition main criteria that describing the psychological status of the family with the cancer patient, which included: psychological problems and needs, peculiarities of the emotional state, family behavior model, type of interaction during treatment, a step-by-step algorithm for assessing the psychological status of the family with cancer patients developed, which allowed differentiated medical-psychological help. Conclusions. The basic directions of psychological help for a family with cancer patients are stabilization of psycho-emotional state of family members, transformation irrational ideas about the disease to more realistic, working with existential experiences, strengthening the support component in relationships, teaching effective communication about illness, promotion adaptive strategy for overcoming the disease.Мета: визначити критерії оцінки та розробити алгоритм аналізу психологічного статусу сім’ї з онкологічним пацієнтом у взаємозв’язку з перебігом та лікуванням захворювання і його впливом на сімейне функціонування. Матеріали і методи. Дослідження проводили на базі Медико-психологічного центру Вінницького національного медичного університету імені М. І. Пирогова та Вінницького обласного клінічного онкологічного диспансеру про­тягом 2015–2019 рр. з дотриманням етичних та деонтологічних стандартів. На основі інформаційного пошуку сучасної фахової літератури з питань психологічного стану членів сім᾽ї онкологічних пацієнтів визначено критерії оцінки та алгоритм аналізу психологічного статусу родин за участю 288 сімей з онкологічним пацієнтом, жінками та чоловіками, які дали згоду на участь у дослідженні. Результати. На основі визначення основних критеріїв, що описують психологічний статус сімʼї з онкологічним пацієнтом, до яких віднесено психологічні проблеми та потреби, особливості психоемоційного стану, моделі поведінки родини, тип взаємодії у лікувальному процесі, розроблено поетапний алгоритм оцінки психологічного статусу родини з онкохворим, який дозволив диференційовано застосовувати медико-психологічні заходи. Висновки. Базовими напрямками психологічної допомоги для родини з онкохворим є стабілізація психоемоційного стану членів сімʼї, наближення ірраціональних уявлень щодо захворювання до більш реалістичних, робота з екзистенційними переживаннями, посилення підтримувального компонента у відносинах, навчання комунікації на тему хвороби, приведення до балансу підтримки пацієнта та збереження його автономії, вираження своїх переживань та сприяння формуванню адаптивної стратегії подолання хвороби