Validity of the Hohenberg Theorem for a Generalized Bose-Einstein Condensation in Two Dimensions

Several authors have considered the possibility of a generalized Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in which a band of low states is occupied so that the total occupation number is macroscopic, even if the occupation number of each state is not extensive. The Hohenberg theorem (HT) states that there is no BEC into a single state in 2D; we consider its validity for the case of a generalized condensation and find that, under certain conditions, the HT does not forbid a BEC in 2D. We discuss whether this situation actually occurs in any theoretical model system.Comment: 6 pages, Latex, JLTP class, accepted by Jour. Low Temp. Phys., Quantum Fluids and Solids Conference QFS200

Heterosexist Attitudes and Team Cohesion in Women’s Collegiate Athletics

The purpose of the current study was to establish the nature of the quantitative relationship between heterosexist attitudes and team cohesion. The researcher also examined how individual factors of the multidimensional constructs of heterosexist attitudes and team cohesion substantiate that association using the Social Identity Approach (Abrams & Hogg, 2004; Hogg & Abrams, 1988) as the theoretical framework. A canonical correlational analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the four subscales of the Heterosexist Attitudes in Sport—Lesbian scale (Mullin, 2013) and the four subscales of the Group Environment Questionnaire (Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985) in a national sample (N = 621) of female collegiate student-athletes, Λ = .91, p < .001, η2 = .07. As heterosexist attitudes increased, perception of team cohesion decreased. The Language Behaviors and Inclusion Behaviors subscales of the HAS-L and the task components of the GEQ were the strongest contributors to the relationship among the constructs. By developing and supporting inclusive environments, coaches and administrators may be reducing harmful heterosexist attitudes that are disruptive to achieving the team’s objective

Some fundamental fracture mechanisms applicable to advanced filament reinforced composites

Stress analysis and fracture mechanisms of advanced fiber reinforced composite

Investigation of the reinforcement of ductule metals with strong, high modulus discontinuous, brittle fibers Quarterly report, 1 May - 1 Aug. 1968

Factors affecting tensile strength of ductile metals reinforced with short, brittle fiber

Shot noise of interference between independent atomic systems

We study shot (counting) noise of the amplitude of interference between independent atomic systems. In particular, for the two interfering systems the variance of the fringe amplitude decreases as the inverse power of the number of particles per system with the coefficient being a non-universal number. This number depends on the details of the initial state of each system so that the shot noise measurements can be used to distinguish between such states. We explicitly evaluate this coefficient for the two cases of the interference between bosons in number states and in broken symmetry states. We generalize our analysis to the interference of multiple independent atomic systems. We show that the variance of the interference contrast vanishes as the inverse power of the number of the interfering systems. This result, implying high signal to noise ratio in the interference experiments, holds both for bosons and for fermions.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, final version, added a simple quantum-mechanical argument why two independent condensates with fixed number of particles in each must interfere in a generic experimental setu