Penapisan Aktivitas Lipolitik Sepuluh Biakan Rhizopus Koleksiuicc (University of Indonesia Culture Collection) [Screening Lipolytic Activity of Ten Strains Rhizopus From University of Indonesia Culture Collection (Uicc)]

Ten Rhizopus were screened for their extracellular lipolytic activity. All strains showed lipolytic activity with diffferent activities.R. microsporus var. rhizopodiformis (Cohn) Scipper & Stalpers UICC 520 (4.52 unit/ml) and R. microsporus var. oligosporus UICC 550 (2.58 unit/ml) showed a high lipolytic activity in screening medium containing 5% pepton and 1% glucose (b/v) without a lipid substrate after 24 hours of incubation at room temperature

Does ergometric stress test induce a procoagulative condition in patients with previous myocardial infarction

A regularly scheduled physical training program seems to have antithrombotic effects. Moreover, the hemostatic changes occurring in patients with coronary artery disease during acute exercise have not been clearly elucidated. Since stress testing is routinely performed in clinical cardiology, it would be helpful to assess whether patients with coronary artery disease are exposed to acute coronary thrombosis during or soon after sustained physical exercise. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of acute physical exercise (stress test by bicycle ergometer) on blood coagulation in a group of patients with previous myocardial infarction, and to determine whether the antithrombotic therapy commonly administered favorably influences hemostatic equilibrium. Our results suggest that exercise testing is not harmful to patients with previous myocardial infarction in regard to hemostasis and fibrinolysis and that antithrombotic therapy reduces postexercise increase in platelets

Fruit Nutrients of Five Species of Wild Raspberries (Rubus Spp.) From Indonesian Mountain\u27s Forests

Rubus spp. (wild raspberries) is one of genera belongs to Rosaceae, also distributed in the mountain forest of Indonesia. It has a high potency to be cultivated plant. Although, some of the potential of Rubus has already known, information of about fruit nutrients of species that distribute in the mountain forest of Indonesia are not known yet. This study was aimed to determine the fruit nutrients of five species of wild raspberries that was collected in Cibodas Botanical Garden. The results of our experiments demonstrate that the fruits nutrients contents varied among five species of wild raspberries from Indonesian mountain\u27s forests. Rubus fraxinifolius has the highest content of sugar (5.05 g sugar per 100 g fruits) compared to Rubus rosifolius, Rubus chrysophyllus, Rubus lineatus and raspberry. During the ripening and ripe period, there were a different value of vitamin C and iron contents. The highest vitamin C of R. fraxinifolius (83.65 mg/100 gram) on the ripening fruit stage II. On the other hand, the highest vitamin C of R. rosifolius (54.30 mg/100 gram) found on the stage of ripe fruit

The social cost of chronic kidney disease in Italy

This study aims to estimate the mean annual social cost per patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by stages 4 and 5 pre-dialyses and cost components in Italy. The multicenter cross-sectional study included all adult outpatients in charge of the 14 main Nephrology Centers of Tuscany Region during 7 weeks from 2012 to 2013. Direct medical costs have been estimated using tariffs for laboratory tests, diagnostic exams, visits, hospitalization and prices for drugs. Non-medical costs included expenses of low-protein special foods, travel, and formal and informal care. Patients' and caregivers' losses of productivity have been estimated as indirect costs using the human capital approach. Costs have been expressed in Euros (2016). Totals of 279 patients in stage 4 and 205 patients in stage 5 have been enrolled. The estimated mean annual social cost of a patient with CKD were a,notsign7422 (+/- a,notsign6255) for stage 4 and a,notsign8971 (+/- a,notsign6503) for stage 5 (p < 0.05). Direct medical costs were higher in stage 5 as compared to stage 4; direct non-medical costs and indirect costs accounted, respectively, for 41 and 5 % of the total social cost of CKD stage 4 and for 33 and 9 % of CKD stage 5. In Italy, the overall annual social cost of CKD was a,notsign1,809,552,398 representing 0.11 % of the Gross Domestic Product. Direct non-medical costs and indirect costs were weighted on the social cost of CKD almost as much as the direct medical cost. Patients, their families and the productivity system sustain the burden of the disease almost as much as the healthcare system. © 2016, The Author(s)

The Materiality of Absence:Organizing and the case of the incomplete cathedral

This study explores the role of absences in making organizing possible. By engaging with Lefebvre’s spatial triad as the interconnections between conceived (planned), perceived (experienced through practice) and lived (felt and imagined) spaces, we challenge the so-called metaphysics of presence in organization studies. We draw on the insights offered by the project of construction of Siena Cathedral during the period 1259– 1357 and we examine how it provided a space for the actors involved to explore their different (civic, architectural and religious) intentions. We show that, as the contested conceived spaces of the cathedral were connected to architectural practices, religious powers and civic symbols, they revealed the impossibility for these intentions to be fully represented. It was this impossibility that provoked an ongoing search for solutions and guaranteed a combination of dynamism and persistence of both the material architecture of the cathedral and the project of construction. The case of Siena Cathedral therefore highlights the role of absence in producing organizing effects not because absence eventually takes form but because of the impossibility to fully represent it

Correlation between in-brace radiographic correction and short time brace results

Introduction. In-brace radiographic correction is considered a reliable check of brace efficacy. The aim of this study was to correlate the in-brace correction with the short term results of treatment (6 months). Methods Design: pre-post study Population: 41 consecutive adolescent girls with idiopathic scoliosis who were prescribed a brace treatment (39 thoracic curves, 37\ub112\ub0; 16 thoracolumbar, 38\ub113\ub0; 12 lumbar, 31\ub18\ub0. Risser 0-3). In-brace radiographic correction and 6 months treatment out of brace X-ray results were correlated, according to curve localization. The in-brace/out-of-brace ratio was calcutated, curves were grouped according to the Risser sign, the results (<10\ub0, 6510\ub0 out-of-brace), in-brace correction (<10\ub0, 6510\ub0), the magnitude (<30\ub0, 30\ub0-45\ub0, >45\ub0). Statistical analysis: Correlation Coefficient. Results. The in-brace/out-of-brace ratio varied according to localization of curve and Risser, achieving the best results for thoracic curves (38-45%). The groups of thoracolumbar and lumbar had higher variability (17-65% and 17-40%). The correlation coefficient between in-brace correction and out-of-brace results was statistically significant: 0.85 for thoracic curves, 0.64 thoracolumbar, 0.72 lumbar. Risser groups: 0.65-0.98 thoracic, 0,78-0.90 thoracolumbar, 0.94-0.98 lumbar. For Results groups, the correlation was better for the group with high degree of correction (High results) in lumbar and the group with low degree of correction (Low results) for thoracolumbar, no differences for thoracic. Low in-brace correction had a low correlation coefficient for thoracic and lumbar curves. No differences for Magnitude. Conclusion. The in-brace correction ranges from 17 to 47% of the curve magnitude. The correlation between in-brace correction and short time results of brace is significant, range 0.64-0.98. The in-brace correction seems able to predict the short time results of treatment

How to measure kyphosis in everyday clinical practice: a reliability study on different methods

Introduction. The sagittal plane measures have a relevant role both in Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) and in Hyperkyphosis (HK) management. Nevertheless, clinical tools for everyday use are scarce and not adequately studied. Aim. To assess the repeatability of different methods for the collection of the sagittal profile of patients with spinal deformities during everyday clinics. Methods. We performed 4 different studies in 4 different populations of AIS and HK patients. In the first study we reported the normative data and measurement error of the plumbline measures in a general population of 180 adolescents. In the second study we compared the sagittal distances from the plumbline of C7, T12, L3, and Sagittal Index (SI = C7+L3) with the measures of the Video Rasterstereography at the same levels and the angles of kyphosis and lordosis in 100 AIS patients. In the third study we evaluated the intra and inter-rater repeatability and the measurement error of kyphosis and lordosis angles measured with the Inclimed in 100 AIS patients. In the last study we evaluated the repeatability of the sagittal distances from the plumbline, by using a 1 mm change instead of 5 mm in a population of 40 patients. Statistical analysis: repeatability has been evaluated according to Bland and Altman, to identify the limits of variation that are clinically significant. Results. Study 1: the normative data were: females: 34 \ub1 11 mm for C7; 34 \ub1 15 mm for L3, males: 34 \ub1 10 mm for C7; 48 \ub1 10 mm for L3;. Study 2: a coefficient of correlation was calculated in order to compare measures. Study 3: the k value for Inclimed varied from fair to good. Study 4: the repeatability was fair for this measure. Conclusion. Some clinical instruments are now available for sagittal plane assessment in AIS and hyperkyphosis. The results of the present study report the limits during measurements in a clinical setting of parameters that are routinely collected by some clinicians