532 research outputs found
Motion Planning in Urban Environments: Part I
We present the motion planning framework for an autonomous vehicle navigating through urban environments. Such environments present a number of motion planning challenges, including ultra-reliability, high-speed operation, complex inter-vehicle interaction, parking in large unstructured lots, and constrained maneuvers. Our approach combines a model-predictive trajectory generation algorithm for computing dynamically-feasible actions with two higher-level planners for generating long range plans in both on-road and unstructured areas of the environment. In this Part I of a two-part paper, we describe the underlying trajectory generator and the on-road planning component of this system. We provide examples and results from ldquoBossrdquo, an autonomous SUV that has driven itself over 3000 kilometers and competed in, and won, the Urban Challenge
Pecularities of Hall effect in GaAs/{\delta}<Mn>/GaAs/In\timesGa1-\timesAs/GaAs (\times {\approx} 0.2) heterostructures with high Mn content
Transport properties of GaAs/{\delta}/GaAs/In\timesGa1-\timesAs/GaAs
structures containing InxGa1-xAs (\times {\approx} 0.2) quantum well (QW) and
Mn delta layer (DL) with relatively high, about one Mn monolayer (ML) content,
are studied. In these structures DL is separated from QW by GaAs spacer with
the thickness ds = 2-5 nm. All structures possess a dielectric character of
conductivity and demonstrate a maximum in the resistance temperature dependence
Rxx(T) at the temperature {\approx} 46K which is usually associated with the
Curie temperature Tc of ferromagnetic (FM) transition in DL. However, it is
found that the Hall effect concentration of holes pH in QW does not decrease
below TC as one ordinary expects in similar systems. On the contrary, the
dependence pH(T) experiences a minimum at T = 80-100 K depending on the spacer
thickness, then increases at low temperatures more strongly than ds is smaller
and reaches a giant value pH = (1-2)\cdot10^13 cm^(-2). Obtained results are
interpreted in the terms of magnetic proximity effect of DL on QW, leading to
induce spin polarization of the holes in QW. Strong structural and magnetic
disorder in DL and QW, leading to the phase segregation in them is taken into
consideration. The high pH value is explained as a result of compensation of
the positive sign normal Hall effect component by the negative sign anomalous
Hall effect component.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figure
Individual within International Law
Within international legal order the individual has decisively overcome the rigid frames of the status of interstate obligations beneficiary. Up to date private persons are autonomous participants of international relations by means of the fulfillment of the international rights and duties, by protecting them and even by affecting the international law formation.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π» ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ Π±Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ
Novel Coronavirus Infection: its Impact and Impact on the Political Discourse of the Russian Federation in 2020-2023
Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΡ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ»Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ Β«ΠΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Β». ΠΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°.The paper analyzes the impact of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection on the political agenda in Russia, what changes it made to the political discourse, and how the emerging problems were solved. The actions and decisions of the Russian authorities, statistical data in the economy, social sphere, personal pages of politicians in the βVKontakteβ social network are considered. Attention is paid to the positive and negative consequences of the decisions taken by officials to prevent and eliminate the coronavirus pandemic and ensure the stability of Russian society
Structural and transport properties of GaAs/delta<Mn>/GaAs/InxGa1-xAs/GaAs quantum wells
We report results of investigations of structural and transport properties of
GaAs/Ga(1-x)In(x)As/GaAs quantum wells (QWs) having a 0.5-1.8 ML thick Mn
layer, separated from the QW by a 3 nm thick spacer. The structure has hole
mobility of about 2000 cm2/(V*s) being by several orders of magnitude higher
than in known ferromagnetic two-dimensional structures. The analysis of the
electro-physical properties of these systems is based on detailed study of
their structure by means of high-resolution X-ray diffractometry and
glancing-incidence reflection, which allow us to restore the depth profiles of
structural characteristics of the QWs and thin Mn containing layers. These
investigations show absence of Mn atoms inside the QWs. The quality of the
structures was also characterized by photoluminescence spectra from the QWs.
Transport properties reveal features inherent to ferromagnetic systems: a
specific maximum in the temperature dependence of the resistance and the
anomalous Hall effect (AHE) observed in samples with both "metallic" and
activated types of conductivity up to ~100 K. AHE is most pronounced in the
temperature range where the resistance maximum is observed, and decreases with
decreasing temperature. The results are discussed in terms of interaction of
2D-holes and magnetic Mn ions in presence of large-scale potential fluctuations
related to random distribution of Mn atoms. The AHE values are compared with
calculations taking into account its "intrinsic" mechanism in ferromagnetic
systems.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure
The Design Optimization and Experimental Investigation of the 4.4 ΞΌm Raman Laser Basedon Hydrogen-filled Revolver Silica Fiber
Optical properties of hollow-core revolver fibers are numerically investigated depending on various parameters: the hollow-core diameter, the capillary wall thickness, the values of the minimum gap between the capillaries, the number of capillaries in the cladding and the type of glass (silica and chalcogenide). Preliminary, similar calculations are made for simple models of hollow-core fibers. Based on the obtained results, the optimal design of the revolver fiber for Raman laser frequency conversion (1.56 ΞΌm β 4.4 ΞΌm in 1H2) was determined. As a result, efficient ns-pulsed 4.42 ΞΌm Raman laser based on 1H2-filled revolver silica fiber is realized. Quantum efficiency as high as 36 % is achieved and output average power as high as 250 mW is demonstrated
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