572 research outputs found
Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae against Hyalesthes obsoletus (Auchenorryhncha: Cixiidae)
Research Note
Characterization of low loss microstrip resonators as a building block for circuit QED in a 3D waveguide
Here we present the microwave characterization of microstrip resonators made
from aluminum and niobium inside a 3D microwave waveguide. In the low
temperature, low power limit internal quality factors of up to one million were
reached. We found a good agreement to models predicting conductive losses and
losses to two level systems for increasing temperature. The setup presented
here is appealing for testing materials and structures, as it is free of wire
bonds and offers a well controlled microwave environment. In combination with
transmon qubits, these resonators serve as a building block for a novel circuit
QED architecture inside a rectangular waveguide
Quantum communication between trapped ions through a dissipative environment
We study two trapped ions coupled to the axial phonon modes of a
one-dimensional Coulomb crystal. This system is formally equivalent to the "two
spin-boson" model. We propose a scheme to dynamically generate a maximally
entangled state of two ions within a decoherence-free subspace. Here the
phononic environment of the trapped ions, whatever its temperature and number
of modes, serves as the entangling bus. The efficient production of the pure
singlet state can be exploited to perform short-ranged quantum communication
which is essential in building up a large-scale quantum computer.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Sonographic visualization and ultrasound-guided blockade of the greater occipital nerve: a comparison of two selective techniques confirmed by anatomical dissection
Background Local anaesthetic blocks of the greater occipital nerve (GON) are frequently performed in different types of headache, but no selective approaches exist. Our cadaver study compares the sonographic visibility of the nerve and the accuracy and specificity of ultrasound-guided injections at two different sites. Methods After sonographic measurements in 10 embalmed cadavers, 20 ultrasound-guided injections of the GON were performed with 0.1 ml of dye at the classical site (superior nuchal line) followed by 20 at a newly described site more proximal (C2, superficial to the obliquus capitis inferior muscle). The spread of dye and coloration of nerve were evaluated by dissection. Results The median sonographic diameter of the GON was 4.2×1.4 mm at the classical and 4.0×1.8 mm at the new site. The nerves were found at a median depth of 8 and 17.5 mm, respectively. In 16 of 20 in the classical approach and 20 of 20 in the new approach, the nerve was successfully coloured with the dye. This corresponds to a block success rate of 80% (95% confidence interval: 58-93%) vs 100% (95% confidence interval: 86-100%), which is statistically significant (McNemar's test, P=0.002). Conclusions Our findings confirm that the GON can be visualized using ultrasound both at the level of the superior nuchal line and C2. This newly described approach superficial to the obliquus capitis inferior muscle has a higher success rate and should allow a more precise blockade of the nerv
First record of a plasmodiophorid parasite in grapevine
In the context of an interdisciplinary project on grape pests and pathogens in Rheingau (Germany), the fine root system of grafted rootstocks has been screened for pathogenic fungi associated with root galls induced by grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch)). In several insect-induced galls, masses of resting spores of a plasmodiophorid could be seen. An additional selective screening revealed the occurrence of the plasmodiophorid parasite also in samples of gall-free rootlets: cortical cells of small necrotic areas were crowded with resting spores or other developmental stages of its life cycle. According to current taxonomic concepts, this plasmodiophorid could be identified as a member of the genus Sorosphaera Schroeter, resembling S. veronicae Schroeter. This is the first record of a plasmodiophorid parasite in grapevine
Ultrasound-guided blocks of the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve: accuracy of a selective new technique confirmed by anatomical dissection
Background. Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve blocks may be used in the diagnosis of chronic groin pain or for analgesia for hernia repair. This study describes a new ultrasound-guided approach to these nerves and determines its accuracy using anatomical dissection control. Methods. After having tested the new method in a pilot cadaver, 10 additional embalmed cadavers were used to perform 37 ultrasound-guided blocks of the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve. After injection of 0.1 ml of dye the cadavers were dissected to evaluate needle position and colouring of the nerves. Results. Thirty-three of the thirty-seven needle tips were located at the exact target point, in or directly at the ilioinguinal or iliohypogastric nerve. In all these cases the targeted nerve was coloured entirely. In two of the remaining four cases parts of the nerves were coloured. This corresponds to a simulated block success rate of 95%. In contrast to the standard ‘blind' techniques of inguinal nerve blocks we visualized and targeted the nerves 5 cm cranial and posterior to the anterior superior iliac spine. The median diameters of the nerves measured by ultrasound were: ilioinguinal 3.0×1.6 mm, and iliohypogastric 2.9×1.6 mm. The median distance of the ilioinguinal nerve to the iliac bone was 6.0 mm and the distance between the two nerves was 10.4 mm. Conclusions. The anatomical dissections confirmed that our new ultrasound-guided approach to the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve is accurate. Ultrasound could become an attractive alternative to the ‘blind' standard techniques of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block in pain medicine and anaesthetic practic
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