Resources of Ribbon Fish and Cat Fish off the South West Coast of lndia

The acoustic surveys and fishing experiments conducted by the research vessels RASTRELLIGER and SARDINELLA of the Pelagic Fishery Project from Ratnagiri to the Gulf of Mannar for the past four years have considerably enhanced our knowledge of the pelagic fishery resources, their abundance and seasonal distribution and possible methods of exploitation (Anonymous 1974, 1975 & 1976). The average annual landings of ribbon fish and cat fish for the past ten years with 78,000tonnes form only 7.7% of the total marine fish production in India

Stock assessment of the Indian oil-sardinella (Sardinella longiceps) off the West Coast of India

The Indian oil-sardinella (Sardinella longiceps Val .) has traditionally played a critical role in the marine fishery economics of India, and in particular in the State of Kerala. It's production on the west coast of India exhibits large fluctuations over the years, though it continues to be commercially the most important and abundant pelagic resource (Table 1). These fluctuations have attracted the attention of many research workers. As early as 1910 Hornell attributed them to changes in diatom production or food availability to the fry and the prevalence of favourable hydrological conditions. Kesteven (1967) was of the view that the fluctuations are related to shifts in the migratory path of the fish, causing variations in the accessibility of the stocks to fishing due to the limited range of the fishing operations

Comprehensive review of various corrosion behaviours on 316 stainless steel

Corrosion is a destructive process that converts the pure metal into a chemically stabled form by hydroxide or sulphide and it is a slow process of destruction on the material by the chemical or electrochemical reaction in the environmental space. This kind of destruction has been typically produced from oxides or salt content on the material and it results in distinctive orange coloration. The classifications of corrosion act on atmospheric air and liquids as well as on contact of two solids. To resist the corrosion rate, stainless steel 316 has been chosen because of the presence of 2-3% molybdenum content and the presence of molybdenum plays a vital role in corrosion resistance. In this study, literature related to various works has been reviewed to explain the corrosion behaviour on cavitation, crevice, electrochemical, erosion, fatigue, galvanic, uniform, pitting, and stress corrosion which act on 316 stainless steel. In the present work, several coating processes and the additives, that have been added to SS 316 to enhance the outcomes according to various corrosion causes, are discussed

Socio-economic profile of shrimp farmers and its influence on the extent of adoption of shrimp culture technologies

The study of the socio-economic profile of shrimp farmers of Nellore in Andhra Pradesh and Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu revealed that 40% of the shrimp farmers had collegiate level of education, and they had medium levels of farming experience, information seeking behaviour, extension contact~ economic motivation and risk orientation. The resu lts of correlation analysis revealed that of the seventeen independent variables studied eleven independent v'ariables had positive and significant relationship with the extent of adoption of shrimp culture technologies by shrimp farmers of Nellore. Among the shrimp farmers of Nagapattinam, seven independent variables had positive and significant relationship with the extent of adoption. The results of step• wise multiple regression analysis revealed that variables such as information seeking behaviour, credit orientation and material possession expfained 48(10 of the variation in the extent of adoption by shrimp farmers of Nellore and variables like extens ion contact, risk orientation, farming experience, type of ownership, annual income and material possession explained 84 percent of the variation in the extent of adoption by shrimp farmers of Nagapattinam

Unified description of long-time tails and long-range correlation functions for sheared granular liquids

Unified description on the long-time tail of velocity autocorrelation function and the long-range correlation for the equal-time spatial correlation functions is developed based on the generalized fluctuating hydrodynamics. The cross-over of the long-time tail from $t^{-3/2}$ to $t^{-5/2}$ is predicted independent of the density, and the equal-time spatial density correlation function and the equal-time spatial velocity correlation function respectively satisfy $r^{-11/3}$ and $r^{-5/3}$ for large $r$ limit.Comment: 10 pages. to be published in Euro. Phys. J.

Estimation of variance components in the marine fish landings data by the method of nested analysis

The estimate of marine fish landings has been used as a principal source of information for fisheries management. For evolving viable management options, marine fish landings need to be estimated with greater precision. For this estimate of variance of the estimated landings is essential. In this paper we propose a method of estimating the true variance of the estimate of the average landings per month together with the variance due to each of the major factors contributing to the total variation

Automated Sensing System for Monitoring Road Surface Condition Using Fog Computing

The principle point of this task is to build up an Intelligent Monitoring System used to screen the Road Surface Condition using Fog Computing that increases the road safety. Multiple solutions have been proposed which make use of mobile sensing, more specifically contemporary applications and architectures that are used in both crowd sensing and vehicle based sensing. Nonetheless, these initiatives have not been without challenges that range from mobility support, location awareness, low latency as well as geo-distribution. As a result, a new term has been coined for this novel paradigm, called, fog computing

Live-bait resources and development

The success of the pole and line fishery of Lakshadweep depends, among other factors, directly on the availability in sufficient quantities of suitable live-bait fishes around the islands. Information on the live-bait resources of Lakshadweep is limited to a few reports from Minicoy- Jones (1958, 1964) described the fishing method, storage and utilisation of bait fish and Iisted the various species of live-bait fishes of Lakshadweep. Jones (1961 a, 1961 b) has predicted the potentialities of Spratelloides delicatulus and S. japonicus as live-bait for pole and line fishery for skipjack much earlier than mechanised fishing was introduced in the northern islands of Lakshadweep. Thomas (1964) made some observations on the fluctuations in the live-bait fishes at Minicoy. Fluctuations in the seasonal availability of live-baits at Minicoy during the years 1981-85 has been presented by Pillai et al. (1986). However, details of exploited bait fish resources and seasonal abundance of different bait species around the various islands is still lacking

Fabrication of cost-effective, highly reproducible large area arrays of nanotriangular pillars for surface enhanced Raman scattering substrates

Development of cost-effective, highly reproducible non-conventional fabrication techniques for anisotropic metal nanostructures is essential to realizing potential applications of plasmonic devices, photonic devices, and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) phenomenon based sensors. This report highlights the fabrication of nanotriangle arrays via nanoimprinting to overcome difficulties in creating large-area SERS active substrates with uniform, reproducible Raman signals. Electron beam lithography of anisotropic nanostructures, formation of arrays of nanotriangles in silicon and the transfer of triangular shapes to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) sheets via nanoimprinting have not been reported elsewhere. The reuse of silicon masters offers potential for production of low cost SERS substrates. The SERS activity and reproducibility of nanotriangles are illustrated and a consistent average enhancement factor of up to ~2.9 × 1011, which is the highest value reported for a patterned SERS substrate, is achieved.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The effective bandwidth problem revisited

The paper studies a single-server queueing system with autonomous service and $\ell$ priority classes. Arrival and departure processes are governed by marked point processes. There are $\ell$ buffers corresponding to priority classes, and upon arrival a unit of the $k$th priority class occupies a place in the $k$th buffer. Let $N^{(k)}$, $k=1,2,...,\ell$ denote the quota for the total $k$th buffer content. The values $N^{(k)}$ are assumed to be large, and queueing systems both with finite and infinite buffers are studied. In the case of a system with finite buffers, the values $N^{(k)}$ characterize buffer capacities. The paper discusses a circle of problems related to optimization of performance measures associated with overflowing the quota of buffer contents in particular buffers models. Our approach to this problem is new, and the presentation of our results is simple and clear for real applications.Comment: 29 pages, 11pt, Final version, that will be published as is in Stochastic Model