Vasopressin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury via reduction of oxidative stress and inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in rat hearts

Aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and oxidative stress in the cardioprotective effect of vasopressin (AVP) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Anesthetized male wistar rats were subjected to regional 30 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion and randomly divided into nine groups: (1) Control; saline was administered intravenously before ischemia, (2) vasopressin was administrated 10 min prior to ischemia, (3, 4) Atractyloside as MPTP opener, was injected 5 min prior to reperfusion without and with vasopressin, (5, 6) Cyclosporine A as a MPTP closer, was injected 5 min prior to reperfusion without and with vasopressin, (7) mitochondria were isolated from control group and CaCl2 was added as MPTP opener and swelling inducer, (8) isolated mitochondria from Control hearts was incubated with Cyclosporine A before adding the CaCl2 (9) CaCl2 was added to isolated mitochondria from vasopressin group. Infusion of vasopressin decreased infarct size (18.6±1.7% vs. control group 37.6±2.4%), biochemical parameters [LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase), CK-MB (Creatine Kinase-MB) and MDA (Malondialdehyde) plasma levels, PAB (Prooxidant-antioxidant balance)] compared to control group. Atactyloside suppressed the cardioprotective effect of vasopressin (32.5±1.9% vs. 18.6±1.7%) but administration of the Cyclosporine A without and with vasopressin significantly reduced infarct size to 17.7±4% (P<0.001) and 22.7±3% (P<0.01) respectively, vs. 37.6±2.4% in control group. Also, vasopressin, similar to Cyclosporine A, led to decrease in CaCl2-induced swelling. It seems that vasopressin through antioxidant effect and MPTP inhibition has created a cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injuries. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

The Effect of Product Promotion Strategy and Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction with Social Media as an Intervening Variable for Bank Syariah Indonesia Customers at UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

The position of humans as social beings in meeting their needs cannot be produced by the individual himself. Therefore he needs to work together and needs help with others, one of which is an Islamic Financial Institution. As a result, Islamic Financial Institutions here have an important role in today's modern economy and to assist people in meeting their needs. Along with changing patterns of competition, a company requires an assessment of the elements that can affect its competitive ability to achieve the goals implemented, including Indonesian Sharia Banks that are included in the scope of Islamic Financial Institutions. This type of research is field research with a quantitative research approach. The population in this study are BSI customers who are domiciled in the former Pekalongan Residency area. While the sampling was carried out according to the Lemeshow formula with a total sample of 200 respondents. Sources of data in this study are primary data and secondary data. Data collection method used is the distribution of questionnaires. And the method of analysis used is through Path Analysis, where the Social Media variable is positioned as an intervening variable. Based on the research results, two path test equations were obtained. The result of testing these two equations is that there is an influence on the two independent variables used, namely the Product Promotion Strategy and Service Quality variables on Customer Satisfaction, either directly or indirectly through the Social Media variable. Keywords: Product Promotion Strategy, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Social Media

Role of mindfulness, psychological flexibility and integrative self-knowledge on psychological well-being among the university students

Background: Studies has shown the effect on environmental conditions on psychological well-being. In this regard, psychological characteristics have an important role. This study aimed to investigate the role of mindfulness, psychological flexibility and integrative self -knowledge amonge the university students. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on the students of Kashan university of medical sciences (n=300) and based on quota sampling, a number of students (n=241) were selected based on the faculty and the major of the study. The administered tools were Ryff scale of psychological well-being (RSPWB-18), mindfulness (MAAS), acceptance and actions (AAQ-II) questionnaires and integrative self-knowledge scale (ISKS). Finally the data were analyzed using correlation and stepwise regression. Results: Pearson correlation disclosed a positive and considerable relation between mindfulness, integrative self-knowledge, psychological flexibility and psychological well-being. In addition, the findings showed significant role of mindfulness, integrative self-knowledge and psychological flexibility to predict the psychological well-being of the students; so these variables can predict 21 of psychological wellbeing changes. Conclusion: This study disclosed that the mindfulness, psychological flexibility and integrative self -knowledge can in part specify the variance of psychological well-being

The Misinformation Paradox: Older Adults are Cynical about News Media, but Engage with It Anyway

Misinformation can be easily spread with the click of a button, but can cause irreversible harm and negatively impact news consumers’ ability to discern false information. Some prior work suggests that older adults may engage with (read, share, or believe) misinformation at higher rates than others. However, engagement explanations vary. In an effort to understand older adults' engagement with misinformation better, we investigate the misinformation experiences of older adults through their perception of prior media experiences. Analyzing 69 semi-structured interviews with adults ages 59+ from the US, the Netherlands, Bosnia, and Turkey, we find that people who have decades of potential exposure or experience with both online and traditional news media have reached a state of media cynicism in which they distrust most, or even all, of the news they receive. Yet, despite this media cynicism, the older adults we study rarely fact-check the media they see and continue to read and share news they distrust. These findings suggest that this paradoxical reaction to media cynicism, in addition to prior explanations such as cognitive issues and digital literacy, may in part explain older adults' engagement with misinformation. Thus, we introduce the misinformation paradox, an additional area of research worth explorin

ANALISIS PERAN APLIKASI SISTEM KEUANGAN DESA (SISKEUDES) DAN KINERJA PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS ASAS PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DESA AKUNTABILITAS SERTA TERTIB DAN DISIPLIN ANGGARAN (Studi Kasus Desa Pandanlandung Kecamatan Wagir Kabupaten Malang)

The aim of this study was to analyze the role of thw application of the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) adn the performance of the village government in improving the quality of the principles of village financial management, accountability and budget order and discipline in Pandanlandung Village, Wagir District, Malang Regency. The study was a descriptive qualitative reaserch focusing on aplicatin of the village financial system (Siskeudes) and the performance of the village government. The data were obtained from observation, interviwe and dokumentation. The result of the study showed that the Village Financial System Aplication (Siskeudes) in Pandanlandung Village had an important role in improving the quality of village financial management priciples, especially accountability and budget order and discipline. The permormance of the Village Government has an important role for Pandanlandung Village in improving the quality of the principles of financial management, accountability and budget order and discipline.Keywords: Aplication of financial village system (Siskeudes), Performance of the Village                  Government, Accountability, budget order an discipling

Stimulation of oxytocin receptor during early reperfusion period protects the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury: The role of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel, nitric oxide, and prostaglandins

Postconditioning is a simple and safe strategy for cardioprotection and infarct size limitation. Our previous study showed that oxytocin (OT) exerts postconditioning effect on ischemic/reperfused isolated rat heart. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of OT receptor, mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mKATP), nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways in OT postconditioning. Isolated rat hearts were divided into10 groups and underwent 30 min of regional ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion (n =6). In I/R (ischemia/reperfusion) group, ischemia and reperfusion were induced without any treatment. In OT group, oxytocin was perfused 5 min prior to beginning of reperfusion for 25 min. In groups 3-6, atosiban (oxytocin receptor blocker), L-NAME (N-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester, non-specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), 5-HD (5-hydroxydecanoate, mKATP inhibitor) and indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) were infused prior to oxytocin administration. In others, the mentioned inhibitors were perfused prior to ischemia without oxytocin infusion. Infarct size, ventricular hemodynamic, coronary effluent, malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured at the end of reperfusion. OT perfusion significantly reduced infarct size, MDA and LDH in comparison with IR group. Atosiban, 5HD, L-NAME and indomethacin abolished the postconditioning effect of OT. Perfusion of the inhibitors alone prior to ischemia had no effect on infarct size, hemodynamic parameters, coronary effluent and biochemical markers as compared with I/R group. In conclusion, this study indicates that postconditioning effects of OT are mediated by activation of mKATP and production of NO and Prostaglandins (PGs). © 2015 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Why leadership style matters: a closer look at transformational leadership and internal marketing

Purpose – The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between transformational leadership and internal marketing which is underscored by the centrality of human resources in satisfying employee’s needs and how internal marketing, as a moderator and mediator, can facilitate the effects of transformational leadership on social capital and employee loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – This study develops a model and a number of propositions, based on preceding literature on transformational leadership and internal marketing on social capital and employee loyalty Findings – The model proposes that transformational leadership can play a vital role in codification of human resources variables such as internal marketing, which is founded upon the principle of paying greater attention to employees. Moreover, despite the research gap on the relationship between social capital and employee loyalty, it can be concluded that social capital can increase the level of employee loyalty to organization. Research limitations/implications – The proposed model has a number of academic and managerial contributions. This study contributes the knowledge by examining the relationship between transformational leadership and internal marketing. Managerially, this study helps managers to emphasize the centrality of human resources in satisfying employees and increase their loyalty towards the company. In addition, guarantees management effectiveness and organizational success in reaching their intended goals. Originality/value – Despite the growing acknowledgment the importance of transformational leadership as a process in which leaders and followers upgrade each other’s level of ethic and motivation. However, there are few studies on the role and importance of transformational leadership on developing and reinforcing the internal marketing