Multivariate statistical approach to identify heavy metal sources in urban roadside soils of Manisa, Turkey

WOS: 000259602500085The aim of this study was to investigate heavy metal pollution in roadside soils of Manisa, an important city located in the western part of Turkey. Soil samples were collected from roadsides of the city. Heavy metal concentrations were measured with Spectro-Xepos Benchtop X-Ray fluorescence spectrometer. Mean heavy metal concentrations (ppm) of the roadside soils in Manisa were as follows: Sb was 7.56, W 6.19, Ag 5.8, Mo 22.1, Co 28.37, V 94.0, Cu 136.57, As 26.95, Sn 19.99, Hg 1.71, Ni 64.67, Zn 126.19, Cd 4.05, Pb 47.97, Al 58730, Fe 34515, Mg 13841, Cl 350.76, Ti 3857.5, Cr 341.83 and Mn 704.3. Based on the chemical analyses, Ag, Cd, Fe, Al, Mo, Hg, Sb, Cr, W, Sn, Cu, As, Pb, Cl, Co and Zn concentrations of roadside soils in Manisa were higher than those of the earth's crust and North European soil. Results of the chemical analyses were evaluated with multivariate statistics with high accuracy rates. Heavy metal pollution of the roadside soils in Manisa can be attributed to highways and industrial and household wastes. It can be suggested that traffic on the busy highways along schools, hospitals and playgrounds for children should be diverted in the short term and such institutions should be built away from the highways and industrial areas in the long term

Major and Trace Element Geochemistry of Terra Rossa Soil in the Kucukkoras Region, Karaman, Turkey

WOS: 000260149600008

Major and Trace Element Geochemistry of Bauxites of Ayranci, Karaman, Central Bolkardag, Turkey

WOS: 000317245800120Central Bolkardag (Ayranci, Kucukkoras-Karaman) bauxites are one of the most important bauxite sources of the central Taurus zone. The aim of this study was to determine geological features and major and trade elements of Kucukkoras bauxites based on geochemical data from the bauxite deposits and rocks. To this aim, geochemical features of the region were investigated; a detailed map of the bauxite sites was drawn and chemical analyses of the collected specimens were made With inductively Coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Kucukkoras diasporic bauxite deposits were located in Jurassicu-upper, cretaceous aged uctepeler formation, were formed in the upper cretaceous period,,extended in the NW-SE direction and Were composed of three:types Of ores; i.e. lenses, karstic fills (sinkhole fills) and Veins. Bauxites were found to have the following major oxides: SiO2, of 3.2005%, Al2O3 of 57.7080%, Fe2O3,of 23.365%, MgO of 0.1035% CaO of 0.3290%; Na2O, of 0.0800%, K2O of 0.0960% TiO2 of 3.1385%, P2O5 of 0.0580%, MnO of 0.1445% and CrO3 of 0.5430%. Based On the Al2O3/SiO2 ratio of bauxites, the mean module value was found to be 18.04, which indicates that Kucukkoras, bauxites were the highest quality bauxites. Geochemical data showed that the bauxites were formed as a result Of conversion of limestone into terra rossa and then conversion of terra rossa into bauxite.Scientific Research Projects Unit of Akdeniz UniversityThis study was a part of Master Thesis prepared by Semiha Ilhan in the Department of Geological Engineering of Nigde University. The financial support of the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Akdeniz University is gratefully acknowledged

Inivestigation-of heavy metals pollution along the Nigde-Kayseri road, Turkey

WOS: 000243616900083The study area comprises the D765 state road connecting Nigde and Kayseri cities in the central Anatolia. The aim of this study is to determine the heavy metal contamination in off roadside soils along the D765 state road. Heavy metal concentrations were measured with Spectro-Xepos Benchtop X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. Results of heavy metal analyses on soil samples reveal a significant contamination. Average heavy metal concentrations and standard deviations of samples collected from off roadside soils along the D765 state road are as follows: As: 27.90 (7.64), Cd: 3.99 (0.35), Cc: 35.80 (2.19), Cr: 158.33 (46.27), Cu: 48.37 (24.73), Fe: 31516.83 (6545.26), Mn: 771.83 (121.4 1), Mo: 28.52 (5.51), Ni: 118.11 (27.90), Pb: 107.49 (37.90), Sn: 6.34 (1.35), Ti: 3369.87 (1172.44)-Zn: 135.64 (3142) mg/kg. In this Study, among the heavy metals, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni and Pb are toxic metals. Heavy metal accumulations in soil were determined to be closely associated with traffic intensity

Multivariate analyses to determine the origin of potentially harmful heavy metals in beach and dune sediments from KizKalesi Coast (Mersin), Turkey

WOS: 000257317600011PubMed ID: 18500662The aim of this study was to investigate variations in heavy metal concentrations and natural and artificial sources of heavy minerals in beach and dune sediments along Kizkalesi (Mersin) coast in Turkey. To this aim, sand sediment samples were collected from 20 locations throughout Kizkalesi coast and concentrations of Zn, Ni, Cu, Co, V, Mo, Ag, Sb, Sn, Cd, W, Hg, Pb, As, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, S, K, Na, Cl, Ti, Mn and Cr were determined. Simple analyses (frequency histogram), multivariate analyses (Coefficient correlation, Cluster Analysis), Principal Component Analysis, Model Summary and ANOVA were used to analyze the concentration values. Al, Fe, Mg, Cl, Ti, Mn, Cr and Ni were dominant heavy metals. Principal Component Analysis revealed six principal components. It was confirmed by Cluster Analysis. Based on the Hierarchical Cluster analyses, three different general groups were formed at a 50% arbitrary similarity of Q-type level. The frequency histogram indicated that W, Ag, Co, V, Cu, As, Sn, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cl and Mg concentrations originated from the nearby area, while Mn, Ti, Al and Fe Mg concentrations came from either the nearby area or moderately remote sources. Data from the study area showed that the Model Summary (based on R-2 = 100%) was sufficient for the statistical data and that the Model ANOVA (variations of Pb) had a high explanatory power. The region lying on Miocene carbonate rocks of the Tauride belt were affected by the contaminants of anthropogenic origin that included coastal deposits, coastal erosion, the Kizkalesi settlement area, urban wastes, Mersin-Antalya road extending parallel to the shoreline and disposal sites of hotels

Component Analysis and Determination of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Euphorbia macroclada Boiss (Nigde, Turkey)

WOS: 000325204200068This study reports the heavy metal concentration of the plant macroclada boiss belonging to the Euphorbia type. Twenty stations which have different distances and different heights to the highway were chosen for this study from the separation of Nigde-Adana D750 highway Ali Hoca and Maden Village to Maden Village (Nigde, Turkey). The Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb concentrations of the sediment and plant samples got from those stations were studied through the ICP-OES technique. According to the arithmetic mean of the chemical analyses results, the highest values are Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni and Cd in earth; Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb and Cd in plants. The maximum values were shown in Cd: S1; Cr: S3; Cu: S10; Ni: S1; Pb: S3 stations in the earth and in Cd: S1; Cr: S1; Cu: S1; Ni: S1; Pb: S1stations in the plants. A high relationship level was defined between Cd vs. Cr, Ni, Pb; Cr vs. Ni, Pb and Ni vs. Pb in the earth and between Cd vs. Cr, Cu, Pb; Cr vs. Cu, Ni, Pb; Cu vs. Pb and Ni vs. Pb in the plants. According to the component analysis, the first factor is Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and the second factor is Cu. On the other hand, the only factor represented the whole in the plants. The Model Summary analysis results in the earth is R-2 = 0,909 %, in the plant R-2 = 0,907 % and the samples were explained on a relatively high level. It was thought that the origins of the heavy metals showing positive high level relation are the same and the analysis area of Nigde-Adana D750 intercity highway are affected negatively due to the traffic.Nigde University [FEB 2004-10]; Scientific Research Projects Unit of Akdeniz UniversityThis research is supported by Nigde University Scientific Resarch Project Directorate as Project Number FEB 2004-10. The financial support of the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Akdeniz University is gratefully acknowledged

Heavy metal contents of the Karasu creek sediments, Nigde, Turkey

WOS: 000246149900030PubMed ID: 17057990Heavy metal contamination in sediments of the Karasu spring was investigated in the presented study. In this respect, sediment samples were collected from contaminant sites along the spring starting from the spring water manifestation site, base of the Akkaya dam to the dam exit site. Heavy metal concentrations were determined by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. Cobalt, copper, arsenic, tin, nickel, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, iron, titan, chromium and manganese contents of the Karasu creek sediments are found as 18.30-69.00, 12.40-595.0 5.50-345.3, 5.80-15.1, 10.9-64.1, 28.90-103,300, 4.1-356.2, 7.70-37,840, 13,460-109,400, 11,740-62,900, 22.18-59.04, 41.70-369 and 12.09-3,480 mg/kg, respectively. Results indicate the presence of a contamination in the Karasu creek. All the metal concentrations were found to be exceeding their acceptable limit values. Eutrophication is developed in the Karasu creek and the Akkaya dam. It is thought that heavy metal accumulation in the creek is originated from discharge from mine quarries, industrial and domestic wastes. Protection zones should be defined and all necessary measures must be taken along the Karasu creek

Heavy metal contents and the water quality of Karasu Creek in Nigde, Turkey

WOS: 000252295500014PubMed ID: 17525832Different sources of pollution in Karasu Creek were investigated to obtain the water quality and ratio of contamination in this region. To achieve the main objectives of the present study, water samples were collected from Karasu Creek, starting from flow pattern at the upstream site of Akkaya Dam to the end of the dam, crossing the place where the Creek drains into. Dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, temperature and maximum/minimum pH were measured systematically for 12 months in the stations, where the water samples were collected. Chemical analyses of the water samples were carried out by using Cadas 50 S brand UV spectrometer to find out the Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, S, F and Cn concentrations. These concentration were determined in mu g/lt as 80-850; 180-4,920; 10-6,100; 440-25,530; 130-2,400; 120-280; 20-150; 214,250-1,113,580; 1,560-4,270 and 40-690, respectively. To determine metal levels of the water samples, multivariate analyses (element coefficient correlation, coefficient correlation dendrogram, hierarchical cluster analysis dendrogram, model summary and ANOVA) were used. The analyses yielded highly accurate results. There were positive correlations between some elements and their possible sources were the same. The stations which resembled each other along the creek were divided into three groups. The water quality of the creek was low and had toxic qualities. Eutrophication developed in Akkaya Dam along the creek. The source of pollution was thought to be industrial and residential wastes. Absolute (0-100 m), short distance (100-500 m) and medium distance (500-2,000 m) conservation areas should be determined in pollution areas along Karasu Creek and they should be improved

Heavy metal sources in sultan marsh and its neighborhood, kayseri, turkey

WOS: 000248907100016Sultan Marsh (Turkey) is one of the largest wet lands of the Middle East and Europe. The aim of this study was to determine average concentrations of heavy metals, variations of the obtained values in a large scale, geogenic and anthropogenic sources of the pollution and effects of the pollution on the environment in Sultan Marsh. To these aims, a total of 176 surface soil samples (0-10 cm depth) were collected from 80 ha land in Sultan Marsh. Using a bench-top Spectro-Xepos X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, we analyzed all samples to determine the near-total concentrations of 26 chemical elements. Basic and multivariate statistics were used for statistical analyses. GIS mapping, a powerful tool for identifying possible sources of pollutants, was used to classify and identify the elements. Relatively high concentrations of the elements Fe, Pb, Zn, Sb, W, Mo, Co, Cu, Hg, Ni, Cr, Mn and Cd were found in Sultan Marsh, surrounding rocks (geogenic sources), mines of Fe and Pb/Zn, industrial facilities, residential and agricultural areas and major traffic routes (anthropogenic sources)

Multivariate analysis of heavy metal contents of sediments from Gumusler creek, Nigde, Turkey

In this study, heavy metal contents of samples from Gumusler creek in Turkey were studied and the metal contamination characteristics were investigated. In this respect, considering the pollutant sites in the area, systematic sediment samples were collected in a zone starting from the manifestation part of the water to the entrance of the Karasu creek in Gumusler town. Samples were taken from lower section of the river bed at 30 stations along Gumusler creek, 13 km in length and their heavy metal contents were analyzed with XRF Spectrometer. Correlation coefficients, element coefitic coefficient correlation, dendogram hierarchical cluster, model summary and Annova analysis statistical methods were applied to data. Strong positive correlations were determined for some elements which are believed to have possibly the same origin. In addition, mineralizations in the area are thought to cause variation in metal contents. Results of chemical analysis show that soil limit values and clark values were exceeded. The heavy metal accumulation in the creek is believed to be derived from non-operated Sb-Hg-W and Fe quarries