Analisis Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan dengan Menggunakan Rasio Likuiditas, Rasio Solvabilitas, Rasio Profitabilitas di PT Mayora Indah TBK

Tujuan penulis melakukan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana tingkat kinerja keuangan PT. Mayora Indah Tbk. yang dilakukan berdasarkan analisis rasio keuangan tahun 2017 sampai 2021. Rasio keuangan yang digunakan Current Ratio (CR), Quick Ratio (QR), Cash Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Asset (ROA) dan Return On Equity (ROE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja keuangan PT. Mayora Indah Tbk. yang dikukur dengan rasio keuangan tahun 2017 sampai tahun 2021 bahwa CR tertinggi adalah tahun 2020 sebesar 3,69 kali dan terendah pada tahun 2021 sebesar 2,32 kali, QR tertinggi pada tahun 2020 sebesar 2,88 kali dan terendah pada tahun 2021 sebesar 1,78 kali, CR tertingi pada tahun 2020 sebsar 1,08% dan terendah pada tahun 2017 sebesar 0,49%, DAR tertinggi pada tahun 2017 dan 2018 sebesar 0,51% dan terendah pada tahun 2020 dan 2021 sebesar 0,43%,  DERtertinggi pada tahun 2018 sebesar 1,06% dan terendah pada tahun 2020 dan 2021 sebedar 0,75%, GPM tertinggi pada tahun 2019 sebesar 0,31% dan terendah pada tahun 2017 dan 2021 sebesar 0,24%, NPM tertinggi pada tahun 2020 dan terendah ada tahun 2017, 2018,2019 dan 2021 sebesar 0,07%, ROA yang setiap tahunnya sama sebesar 0,1%, ROE tertinggi pada tahun 2017 sebesar 0,21% dan terendah pada tahun 2021 sebesar 0,17%

Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of pulmonary functional sequelae in ARDS- secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Background: Up to 80% of patients surviving acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to SARS-CoV- 2 infection present persistent anomalies in pulmonary function after hospital discharge. There is a limited un-derstanding of the mechanistic pathways linked to post-acute pulmonary sequelae. Aim: To identify the molecular underpinnings associated with severe lung diffusion involvement in survivors of SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS. Methods: Survivors attended to a complete pulmonary evaluation 3 months after hospital discharge. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed using Illumina technology in whole-blood samples from 50 patients with moderate to severe diffusion impairment (DLCO<60%) and age- and sex-matched individuals with mild-normal lung function (DLCO≥60%). A transcriptomic signature for optimal classification was constructed using random forest. Transcriptomic data were analyzed for biological pathway enrichment, cellular deconvolution, cell/tissue-specific gene expression and candidate drugs. Results: RNA-seq identified 1357 differentially expressed transcripts. A model composed of 14 mRNAs allowed the optimal discrimination of survivors with severe diffusion impairment (AUC=0.979). Hallmarks of lung sequelae involved cell death signaling, cytoskeleton reorganization, cell growth and differentiation and the immune response. Resting natural killer (NK) cells were the most important immune cell subtype for the pre-diction of severe diffusion impairment. Components of the signature correlated with neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts. A variable expression profile of the transcripts was observed in lung cell subtypes and bodily tissues. One upregulated gene, TUBB4A, constitutes a target for FDA-approved drugs. Conclusions: This work defines the transcriptional programme associated with post-acute pulmonary sequelae and provides novel insights for targeted interventions and biomarker development.MCGH is the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the University of Lleida. MM is the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship (PFIS: FI21/00187) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. AC is supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Sara Borrell 2021: CD21/00087). DdGC has received financial support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Miguel Servet 2020: CP20/00041), co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF) “Investing in your future”. IML is supported by a Miguel Servet contract (CPII20/00029) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF) “Investing in your future”. CIBERES is an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. This work is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (COV20/00110), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) “A way to make Europe”. Supported by: Programa de donaciones "estar preparados"; UNESPA (Madrid, Spain) and Fundación Francisco Soria Melguizo (Madrid, Spain). Funded by: La Fundació La Marató de TV3, project with code 202108–30/ 31. COVIDPONENT is funded by the Institut Català de la Salut and Gestió de Serveis Sanitaris. This research was funded in part by a grant (PI19/01805) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) “A way to build Europe” and by the Fundación Rioja Salu

The Acute Phase Protein Serum Amyloid A Induces Lipolysis and Inflammation in Human Adipocytes through Distinct Pathways

Background: The acute phase response (APR) is characterized by alterations in lipid and glucose metabolism leading to an increased delivery of energy substrates. In adipocytes, there is a coordinated decrease in Free Fatty acids (FFAs) and glucose storage, in addition to an increase in FFAs mobilization. Serum Amyloid A (SAA) is an acute phase protein mainly associated with High Density Lipoproteins (HDL). We hypothesized that enrichment of HDL with SAA, during the APR, could be implicated in the metabolic changes occurring in adipocytes. Methodology/Principal Findings: In vitro differentiated human adipocytes (hMADS) were treated with SAA enriched HDL or recombinant SAA and the metabolic phenotype of the cells analyzed. In hMADS, SAA induces an increased lipolysis through an ERK dependent pathway. At the molecular level, SAA represses PPARc2, C/EBPa and SREBP-1c gene expression, three transcription factors involved in adipocyte differentiation or lipid synthesis. In addition, the activation of the NF-kB pathway by SAA leads to the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as in the case of immune cells. These latter findings were replicated in freshly isolated mature human adipocytes. Conclusions/Significance: Besides its well-characterized role in cholesterol metabolism, SAA has direct metabolic effects on human adipocytes. These metabolic changes could be at least partly responsible for alterations of adipocyte metabolism observed during the APR as well as during pathophysiological conditions such as obesity and conditions leading to insuli

Rif1 maintains telomeres and mediates DNA repair by encasing DNA ends

In yeast, Rif1 is part of the telosome, where it inhibits telomerase and checkpoint signaling at chromosome ends. In mammalian cells, Rif1 is not telomeric, but it suppresses DNA end resection at chromosomal breaks, promoting repair by nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). Here, we describe crystal structures for the uncharacterized and conserved ∼125-kDa N-terminal domain of Rif1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Rif1-NTD), revealing an α-helical fold shaped like a shepherd's crook. We identify a high-affinity DNA-binding site in the Rif1-NTD that fully encases DNA as a head-to-tail dimer. Engagement of the Rif1-NTD with telomeres proved essential for checkpoint control and telomere length regulation. Unexpectedly, Rif1-NTD also promoted NHEJ at DNA breaks in yeast, revealing a conserved role of Rif1 in DNA repair. We propose that tight associations between the Rif1-NTD and DNA gate access of processing factors to DNA ends, enabling Rif1 to mediate diverse telomere maintenance and DNA repair functions

Microwave assisted synthesis of some new thiazolopyrimidine and pyrimidothiazolopyrimidopyrimidine derivatives with potential antimicrobial activity

Abstract Background and objective A series of thiazolopyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized via multicomponent reaction and tested for biological activities. This research aims to develop a new synthetic method of poly fused pyrimidines under microwave irradiation. 6-Amino-4-aryl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitriles reacted with bromomalono-nitrile to give 3,7-diamino-5-aryl-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-2,6-dicarbonitrile more willingly than the isomeric 7H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidines. Thiazolopyrimidine derivatives reacted with carbon disulphide to produce 11-aryl-11H-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[4″,5″:4′,5′]thiazolo[3′,2′-a]pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4,8,10-tetrathione. The above mentioned reactions were established by using both conventional methods and microwave-assisted irradiation. Conclusion This work provides a new method for preparing poly fused pyrimidines. The microwave-assisted technique is preferable due to the yield enhancements attained, time saving, and environmental safety reactions. The newly prepared compounds were verified for their antimicrobial activities. Also, the absorption and emission of some of the prepared compounds were studied

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Novel Spiroisoquinoline and Spiropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine Derivatives

Bromination of N-substituted homophthalimides and tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]- pyrimidine-5,7-diones produces 4,4-dibromohomophthalimide and 8,8-dibromo-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine-5,7-dione derivatives, respectively, that can be used as precursors for spiro derivatives. The dibromo derivatives react with different binucleophilic reagents to produce several spiroisoquinoline and spirotetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]- pyrimidine-5,7-dione derivatives, respectively. Reaction of the dibromo derivatives with malononitrile produces dicyanomethylene derivatives which react with different binucleophiles to produce new spiro derivatives. All new compounds are prepared by using the usual chemical conditions and microwave assisted conditions. The latter conditions improved the reaction yields, reduced reaction times and ameliorated the effects on the surrounding environment as the reactions are carried out in closed systems. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds are proved using spectroscopic methods such as IR, MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR and elemental analyses. Some of the newly synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activities, whereby four of them showed moderate activities and the rest showed low or no activities towards the investigated species

Microwave Assisted Synthesis and Unusual Coupling of Some Novel Pyrido[3,2-f][1,4]thiazepines

3-Amino-3-thioxopropanamide (1) reacted with ethyl acetoacetate to form 6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide (2), which reacted with α-haloketones 3 to produce 2,3-disubstituted-8-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H,5H-pyrido[3,2-f]-[1,4]thiazepin-5-ones 4a-c. Benzoylation of 4c led to the formation of the dibenzoate derivative 9. Compounds 4a-c could be prepared stepwise through the formation of S-alkylated derivatives 10a-c. Compounds 2, 4a-c, 9 and 10a-c were prepared using microwave as a source of heat, and gave better yields in shorter times than those achieved by traditional methods. Coupling of 4a-c with arenediazonium chlorides proceeded unusually to give the 6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-(arylazo)thieno[2,3-b]pyridin-3(2H)-one ring contraction products 14. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were proven by spectral and chemical methods

Investigations on the corrosion of constructional steels in different aqueous and simulated atmospheric environments

The corrosion behavior of three constructional steels used in Senegal, S235, S275 and S355, was studied in simulated atmospheric conditions in an exposure chamber above distilled water and above 3% NaCl solution representing marine atmosphere by comparing the ratio of rusted to unrusted area. Electrochemical test methods (potentiodynamic tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) were employed to study the steels fully immersed in acidic, near neutral and basic conditions in 0.5 M HCl, NaCl, and NaOH solutions, respectively. Results indicate that S355 and S235 steels have comparable corrosion resistance, which are much lower than that of S275

Microwave-assisted one pot three-component synthesis of some novel pyrazole scaffolds as potent anticancer agents

Abstract Background Pyrazoles, thiazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles have been reported to possess various pharmacological activities. Results An efficient and a novel approach for the synthesis of some novel pyrazole based-azoles are described via multi-component reaction under controlled microwave heating conditions. The structures of the synthesized compounds were assigned on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro activities against two antitumor cell lines, human lung cancer and human hepatocellular carcinoma compared with the employed standard antitumor drug (cisplatin). Conclusions All the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity against human lung cancer and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines using MTT assay. The results obtained exploring the high potency of six of the tested compounds compared with cisplatin. Graphical abstract Microwave-assisted one pot three-component synthesis of some novel pyrazole scaffolds as potent anticancer agent