Maximization of the docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids content in concentrates obtained from a by-product of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) processing

This study was focused on a by-product (i.e., belly muscle) resulting from the commercial processing of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In it, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) concentrates were obtained from the belly oil by optimization of the urea-complexation process variables. Thus, the effect of urea:fatty acids (FA) ratio (0-6, w/w), crystallization temperature (- 30 to 30 degrees C), crystallization time (3.0-48.0 h) and stirring speed (0-1000 rpm) on the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) contents in concentrates was analyzed by response surface methodology. As a result, high values were obtained for total FA yield recovered, and contents on LCPUFA, EPA and DHA in the non-urea complexing fraction, as well as a great retention of saturated and monounsaturated FA in the urea-crystal adducts. After validation of the model obtained, the combination of process variables levels that maximizes the desirability function (0.91 score) for response variables was 4.21, -15 degrees C, 24 h and 1000 rpm, respectively. In agreement with the great significance and availability of farmed rainbow trout, belly muscle by-product confirmed to be a profitable source of n-3 LCPUFA to be commercialized as an added-value component.FONDECYT-CONICYT (Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico-Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica) program 112062

Differential scanning calorimetry analysis of structured acyglycerols obtained from caprylic acid and omega-3 concentrates of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) belly oil

Poster presented at WEFTA Seafood science for a change demand, held in Bilbao from the 9th to the 11th June 2014The thermal behaviour of structured acylglycerols prepared by lipase-mediated esterification of caprylic acid and omega-3 PUFA concentrates from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) belly oil by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was studied. The basic objective of the work was to determine the effect of process variables such as caprylic acid/omega-3 PUFA ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, pressure during carbon-dioxide supercritical extraction and glycerol content in the structured acylglycerols. For it, changes occurring in parameters such as melting profile, melting range, melting onset, enthalpy and melting peak were analysed. A central composite design 25-1 + star of five factors including 28 runs and based on response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for analysing the esterification mediated by immobilized-1,3-specific lipase (Lipozyme TL IM) obtained from Thermomyces lanuginosus under supercritical carbon dioxide conditions. The melting curve was obtained from the program temperature from -80 to 60°C at 2°C/ min. Belly oil used as control showed a melting peak of -7.30°C with an enthalpy value of 123.2 J/g; meantime, melting point of omega-3-PUFA concentrate was -49.47°C, being its enthalpy score 18.7 J/g. The thermal conditions of structured acylglycerols showed to be significantly affected by all esterification process variables. Structured acylglycerols showing the highest properties were obtained when applying a low temperature and a high pressurization value, which led to a melting peak of -36.67°C and to an enthalpy value of 54.1 J/gN

Discharge protocol in acute pancreatitis: an international survey and cohort analysis.

There are several overlapping clinical practice guidelines in acute pancreatitis (AP), however, none of them contains suggestions on patient discharge. The Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group (HPSG) has recently developed a laboratory data and symptom-based discharge protocol which needs to be validated. (1) A survey was conducted involving all members of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) to understand the characteristics of international discharge protocols. (2) We investigated the safety and effectiveness of the HPSG-discharge protocol. According to our international survey, 87.5% (49/56) of the centres had no discharge protocol. Patients discharged based on protocols have a significantly shorter median length of hospitalization (LOH) (7 (5;10) days vs. 8 (5;12) days) p < 0.001), and a lower rate of readmission due to recurrent AP episodes (p = 0.005). There was no difference in median discharge CRP level among the international cohorts (p = 0.586). HPSG-protocol resulted in the shortest LOH (6 (5;9) days) and highest median CRP (35.40 (13.78; 68.40) mg/l). Safety was confirmed by the low rate of readmittance (n = 35; 5%). Discharge protocol is necessary in AP. The discharge protocol used in this study is the first clinically proven protocol. Developing and testifying further protocols are needed to better standardize patients' care

Discharge protocol in acute pancreatitis : an international survey and cohort analysis

There are several overlapping clinical practice guidelines in acute pancreatitis (AP), however, none of them contains suggestions on patient discharge. The Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group (HPSG) has recently developed a laboratory data and symptom-based discharge protocol which needs to be validated. (1) A survey was conducted involving all members of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) to understand the characteristics of international discharge protocols. (2) We investigated the safety and effectiveness of the HPSG-discharge protocol. According to our international survey, 87.5% (49/56) of the centres had no discharge protocol. Patients discharged based on protocols have a significantly shorter median length of hospitalization (LOH) (7 (5;10) days vs. 8 (5;12) days) p < 0.001), and a lower rate of readmission due to recurrent AP episodes (p = 0.005). There was no difference in median discharge CRP level among the international cohorts (p = 0.586). HPSG-protocol resulted in the shortest LOH (6 (5;9) days) and highest median CRP (35.40 (13.78; 68.40) mg/l). Safety was confirmed by the low rate of readmittance (n = 35; 5%). Discharge protocol is necessary in AP. The discharge protocol used in this study is the first clinically proven protocol. Developing and testifying further protocols are needed to better standardize patients’ care.Peer reviewe