What's New in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathies.

Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a hereditary cardiomyopathy often presenting with sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young athletic individuals [...]

Determination of cerebellar volume in children and adolescents with magnetic resonance images

Recent studies show that the cerebellum contributes to higher cognitive functions as well as its role on motor system. It is thought that higher cognitive functions continue to develop during childhood and adolescence; therefore, cerebellum develops significantly during these periods. For that reason, this study was carried out in order to determine cerebellar volumes of 90 healthy individuals (40 males, 50 females) aged between 6 and 17 years according to their gender. The individuals were divided into three age groups of 6&#8211;9, 10&#8211; &#8211;13, and 14&#8211;17 years, and their cerebellar volumes were found by means of stereological methods using their magnetic resonance images. The cerebellar volumes found were compared among the groups without discriminating genders, among groups according to gender, and again according to gender within each age group. The general average cerebellar volume of the age group 10&#8211;13 years was significantly higher than the other two age groups (p < 0.05). When the groups were compared according to gender, there was no important difference between the groups in women (p > 0.05); as for men, cerebellar volume only in the age group 10&#8211;13 years was significantly higher than that in age group 6&#8211;9 (p < 0.05). When cerebellar volume for ages 6&#8211;17 years was compared according to gender (without dividing into age group) there was no significant difference between men and women (p > 0.05). It was seen that the cerebellum develops from childhood to adolescence, and reaches peak levels between the ages 10&#8211;13 years for both genders

Assessment of dimensions of pneumatisation of the anterior clinoid process in middle Anatolian population by computed tomography

Background: The anterior clinoid process (ACP) is usually removed during surgical procedures of the cellar region. The ACP may be different length and width in people; it may be also pneumatic. Therefore, we aimed to determine dimensions and rates of pneumatisation of the ACP in the large study group with clinicallyimportance.Materials and methods: One thousand and thirty-one (592 female, 439 male) cranial computed tomography (CT) of the middle Anatolian population was used in this study. The length and basal width of the ACP were measured on the cranial CT. Also; incidence and degree of ACP pneumatisation were identified.Results: The width of the right and left ACPs in females were 10.80 ± 2.27 mm and 10.53 ± 2.07 mm, respectively. The width of the right and left ACPs in males were 11.08 ± 2.39 mm and 10.98 ± 2.35 mm, respectively. The length of the right and left ACPs in females were 8.32 ± 2.40 mm and 8.34 ± 2.35 mm, respectively. The length of the right and left ACPs in males were 8.87 ± 2.62 mm and 8.93 ± 2.64 mm, respectively. There was statistically significant difference between males and females in ACP dimensions, except for the width of the right ACP. Pneumatisation of the ACP was observed on the right side in 46 (9.3%) cases,on the left side in 53 (10.6%) cases, and bilaterally in 32 (6.5%) cases. Incidence of pneumatisation of the ACP was decreased in the age group of 1 month to 20 years. While the incidence of bilateral pneumatisation of the ACP was higher in individuals aged 21–40.Conclusions: Radiologically recognising pneumatisation and anatomical variations of the ACP may be helpful in decreasing the incidence of surgical complications during anterior clinoidectomy

Out-of-plane dynamic stability analysis of curved beams subjected to uniformly distributed radial loading

The out-of-plane stability of tapered cross-sectioned thin curved beams under uniformly distributed radial loading is investigated by using the Finite Element Method. Solutions referred to as Bolotin’s approach are investigated for the dynamic stability analysis and the first unstable regions are examined. Out-of-plane vibrations and out-plane buckling analyses are also considered. In addition, the results obtained in this study are compared with the results of other investigators in existing literature for the fundamental frequency and critical lateral buckling load. The effects of subtended angle, variations of cross-section and dynamic load parameter on the stability regions are shown in graphics.За допомогою методу скінчених елементів проаналізовано бокову стійкість викривленої звуженої у кінці тонкої балки при однорідно розподіленому радіальному навантаженні.Розв‘язки у вигляді наближення Болотіна досліджені в рамках аналізу динамічної стійкості. Також вивчені бокові коливання і бокове випучення балки. Отримані результати щодо основної частоти та критичного навантаження при боковому випученні порівняні з іншими опублікованими результатами. На рисунках показано вплив утвореного дугою кута зміни поперечного перерізу та параметру динамічного навантаження на область стійкості

Explicit Finite Difference Methods for the Delay Pseudoparabolic Equations

Finite difference technique is applied to numerical solution of the initial-boundary value problem for the semilinear delay Sobolev or pseudoparabolic equation. By the method of integral identities two-level difference scheme is constructed. For the time integration the implicit rule is being used. Based on the method of energy estimates the fully discrete scheme is shown to be absolutely stable and convergent of order two in space and of order one in time. The error estimates are obtained in the discrete norm. Some numerical results confirming the expected behavior of the method are shown

Enhanced memory effect via quantum confinement in 16 nm InN nanoparticles embedded in ZnO charge trapping layer

Cataloged from PDF version of article.In this work, the fabrication of charge trapping memory cells with laser-synthesized indium-nitride nanoparticles (InN-NPs) embedded in ZnO charge trapping layer is demonstrated. Atomic layer deposited Al2O3 layers are used as tunnel and blocking oxides. The gate contacts are sputtered using a shadow mask which eliminates the need for any lithography steps. High frequency C-Vgate measurements show that a memory effect is observed, due to the charging of the InN-NPs. With a low operating voltage of 4 V, the memory shows a noticeable threshold voltage (Vt) shift of 2 V, which indicates that InN-NPs act as charge trapping centers. Without InN-NPs, the observed memory hysteresis is negligible. At higher programming voltages of 10 V, a memory window of 5 V is achieved and the Vt shift direction indicates that electrons tunnel from channel to charge storage layer. © 2014 AIP Publishing LL

Oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase activity in human erythrocytes exposed to clomazone (in vitro)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of clomazone herbicide on oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase activity in human erythrocytes in in vitro conditions. The activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as well as the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured in human erythrocytes exposed (in vitro) to clomazone at varying concentrations in the range of 0, 100, 250 and 500 µg/L for 1 h at 37 °C.TBARS levels were significantly higher in erythrocytes incubated with clomazone at 100, 250 and 500 µg/L. However, erythrocyte CAT and AChE activities were decreased at all concentrations tested. SOD activity was increased only at 100 µg/L of clomazone. GSH levels did not change with clomazone exposure. These results clearly showed clomazone to induce oxidative stress and AChE inhibition in human erythrocytes (in vitro). We, thus, suggest a possible role of ROS on toxicity mechanism induced by clomazone in humans