Evaluation of the Mineral Element Profile of Wastes of Some Wine Grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) Varieties

In this study, the level of macro and micro elements of six wine grape cultivars were determined in seeds, bagasse (skin and pulp) and pomace (seed, skin and pulp) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy after microwave digestion (ICP-AES). The levels of macro and micro elements exhibited a genotype dependent alteration and affected by the part of the berry sampled. Potassium was the predominant macro element in bagasse and pomace, varying from 6.78 g/kg dry weight in pomace (Carignane) to 21.05 g/kg dry weight in bagasse (Cabernet Sauvignon). However, the level of calcium was higher than potassium in seeds and varied between 4.95 g/kg (Kalecik karası) and 6.73 g/kg (Carignane). Seeds were also richer than the bagasse and pomace related with phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur. Among the micro elements, Fe had the highest amount in all parts of the berries. Its content ranged from 13.9 mg/kg dry weights in bagasse of Semillon to 24.8 mg/kg dry weight in seeds of Syrah. Iron, manganese, zinc and molybdenum in seeds; copper and boron in bagasse were higher amount than the other groups analyzed. The results of this study show that all parts of the grape berries are potentially rich sources of mineral elements. So, they could be used as a food supplement to improve the nutritive value of the human diet and for some engineering processes in food industry

The Evaluation of the Effects of Different Patient Information Strategy on Self-Performed Oral Hygiene in a Group of Turkish Population

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different patient information strategy on self-performed oral hygiene in a short and intermediate time period in a group of Turkish population. The study population consisted of 105 patient at the same socio-economical level and divided into three groups: Group I, who were not attended any program, group II, who attended only one explanatory session about oral hygiene, and group III, who attended a comprehensive education and motivation session. In order to evaluate the methodology applied, the Quigley-IIcin's plaque index (PI, according to Quigley-1 Icin, 1962) and gingival bleeding index (GI, according to Loc and Silness, 1963) were calculated. All these patients' teeth were scaled at the start of the study. These parameters were determined at die initial and after 1st week, 1st and 3rd and 6th months. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the PI and GI scores following die use of motivation and education program in the 1st week and 1st month (p<0.01). The level of oral hygiene and gingival health achieved at the fist month was not observed in all 3 groups in the 3rd and 6th months. We found that the comprehensive session used here has also been effective in improving the oral hygiene and reducing the gingival inflammation in the 6" month (p<0.01). In conclusion, the data presented in this paper indicated that the education and motivation program with visual and demonstrated may be suitable alternative program improving the oral hygiene and reducing the gingival inflammation.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different patient information strategy on self-performed oral hygiene in a short and intermediate time period in a group of Turkish population. The study population consisted of 105 patient at the same socio-economical level and divided into three groups: Group I, who were not attended any program, group II, who attended only one explanatory session about oral hygiene, and group III, who attended a comprehensive education and motivation session. In order to evaluate the methodology applied, the Quigley-IIcin's plaque index (PI, according to Quigley-1 Icin, 1962) and gingival bleeding index (GI, according to Loc and Silness, 1963) were calculated. All these patients' teeth were scaled at the start of the study. These parameters were determined at die initial and after 1st week, 1st and 3rd and 6th months. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the PI and GI scores following die use of motivation and education program in the 1st week and 1st month (p<0.01). The level of oral hygiene and gingival health achieved at the fist month was not observed in all 3 groups in the 3rd and 6th months. We found that the comprehensive session used here has also been effective in improving the oral hygiene and reducing the gingival inflammation in the 6" month (p<0.01). In conclusion, the data presented in this paper indicated that the education and motivation program with visual and demonstrated may be suitable alternative program improving the oral hygiene and reducing the gingival inflammation

Relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and serum homocysteine concentration in premenopausal women

Objective: In our study we aimed to examine serum homocysteinelevels of patients without thyroid dysfunctionswho have high serum anti thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO)levels and patients with subclinical hypothyroidism whohave high serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) andanti-TPO levels.Methods: One hundred and seven premenopause femaleoutpatients who referred to endocrine clinic of our hospitalwere included in our study. We generated 3 groups. Firstgroup (Control) consists of 53 (50%) patients between theages of 30-40 years. Second group (Euthyroid) consistsof 31 (29%) patients between the ages of 26-49. Thirdgroup (Subclinical Hypothyroidism) consists of 23 (21%)patients between the ages of 33-53 years. Serum totalcholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL)levels were measured by Olympus 2700 autoanalyzer.Serum TSH, free T4, anti-TPO and homocysteine levelswere measured by Siemens Immulite 2000 autoanalyzer.Results: In our study, total cholesterol, triglycerides, lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein(VLDL) levels were not statistically significantly differentamong the groups. Although serum homocysteine levelsof the third group were higher than the other groups it wasnot statistically significantly different among the groups.Conclusion: Serum homocysteine and lipid levels of patientswith euthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidismwho have positive anti-TPO levels may be inadequate inassessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. J Clin ExpInvest 2013; 4 (3): 293-297Key words: Hypothyroidsm, homocysteine, premenopaus

Global survey of the roles, satisfaction, and barriers of home healthcare nurses on the provision of palliative care

Background: the World Health Assembly urges members to build palliative care (PC) capacity as an ethical imperative. Nurses provide PC services in a variety of settings, including the home and may be the only health care professional able to access some disparate populations. Identifying current nursing services, resources, and satisfaction and barriers to nursing practice are essential to build global PC capacity. Objective: to globally examine home health care nurses' practice, satisfaction, and barriers, regarding existing palliative home care provision. Design: needs assessment survey. Setting/Subjects: five hundred thirty-two home health care nurses in 29 countries. Measurements: a needs assessment, developed through literature review and cognitive interviewing. Results: nurses from developing countries performed more duties compared with those from high-income countries, suggesting a lack of resources in developing countries. Significant barriers to providing home care exist: personnel shortages, lack of funding and policies, poor access to end-of-life or hospice services, and decreased community awareness of services provided. Respondents identified lack of time, funding, and coverages as primary educational barriers. In-person local meetings and online courses were suggested as strategies to promote learning. Conclusions: it is imperative that home health care nurses have adequate resources to build PC capacity globally, which is so desperately needed. Nurses must be up to date on current evidence and practice within an evidence-based PC framework. Health care policy to increase necessary resources and the development of a multifaceted intervention to facilitate education about PC is indicated to build global capacity

Developmental assets among young people in three European contexts: Italy, Norway and Turkey

Due to copyright restrictions, the access to the full text of this article is only available via subscription.Within the positive youth development (PYD) perspective, internal assets (e.g., social competencies and positive identity) and external assets (e.g., support and empowerment) constitute developmental assets that can facilitate positive youth outcomes. This assertion has been studied mainly in the US context and to a lesser degree in European samples. Objective: We extend the scope of PYD research by assessing developmental assets among young people in three contexts that differ economically, culturally and politically: Italy, Norway and Turkey. Interactions with gender and parents’ educational level are also examined. Method: A cross-sectional data on developmental assets was collected from Italian (n = 526, 41% girls), Norwegian (n = 592, 56% girls) and Turkish (n = 116, 63% girls) secondary school students during the 2015/2016 academic year. Results: In all three countries, most participants had experienced several of the developmental assets although internal assets were reported more often than external assets. Country differences were observed, where young people in Norway and Turkey reported more assets than their Italian counterparts did. An interaction between country and gender revealed that girls in Norway reported the highest number of developmental assets. In addition, participants in Italy who had fathers with higher educational level reported most of the constructive use of time assets. Conclusion: Differences in the experience of the assets among young people appear to be a reflection of the economic, social, cultural and political structures of the respective countries

Dinuclear molybdenum tetracarbonyl complexes of tetradentate nitrogen Ligands and intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the crystal structure of N,N '-bis-[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene]-ethane-1,2-diamine

WOS: 000252247100012Multidentate N-ligands (Schiff bases) were prepared by the condensation of 2-acetylpyridine or 2-benzoylpyridine, and 1,2-diaminoethane or 1,6-diaminohexane (2:1 ratio) in ethanol. These ligands were reacted with Mo(CO)(6) to obtain dinuclear metal tetracarbonyl compounds. Both terminal amine groups were seen to form imines from the reaction of mono-ketones with diamines in 2:1 or 1:1 ratios. The structures of these ligands and metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, and FT-IR, H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR, and LC-MS spectral techniques. N,N '-bis[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene]ethane-1,2-diamine, which was obtained by the reaction of 2-acetylpyridine and 1,2-diaminoethane, was also characterized by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. The crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular H-bonding and p-p interactions

ORIGINAL ARTICLE - COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF METFORMIN AND GOSERELIN IN PATIENTS WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of metformin and GnRH analogues on lipid metabolism and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study population consisted of 40 women with PCOS. Patients were divided into two groups. Metformin (850 mg, two times per day) was administered to the first group and GnRH analogue (goserelin 3.6 mg, every 28 days) was given to the second group. Only 32 women completed the study and their results were evaluated. Insulin resistance was not ascertained in patients. Metformin treatment resulted in a significant decline in mean body mass index, body weight and circumferences of waist and hip. In addition, there was a significant decrease in LH levels and a significant increase in FSH, progesterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations. Although there was an improvement in lipid abnormalities, no changes in starving glucose and insulin levels were observed. GnRH analogue resulted in a significant increase in FSH and SHBG levels and a significant decrease in LH, total testosterone, DHEAS levels and LH to FSH ratio. In patients treated with GnRH analogue, there was an improvement in lipid metabolism but there was no change in clinical features. Metformin and GnRH analogue use appears to improve endocrinological features and lipid abnormalities which consequently result in cardiovascular diseases in PCOS, independent from insulin resistance