Development of professional-pedagogical focus of a teacher in vocational training

Nowadays, the requirements of the state and society for the training of a vocational education teacher have undergone significant changes and have indicated the need for highly educated competent specialists. The purpose of the article is to conduct a study to identify the development of professional-pedagogical focus of the teacher of vocational training in a pedagogical university. The essence of the professional-pedagogical focus in close interconnection with the professional competence of future graduates is revealed in the work. The analysis of scientific literature made it possible to identify the components of the studied trend: motivational, value, cognitive, reflective. The development of each component was considered in the process of preparing a teacher for vocational training at a pedagogical university. Students apply the obtained theoretical knowledge during the projects development, participation in games, discussions and solving case assignments. The project method is used as the most commonly used method in the professional focus development. To contribute to it students carry out a project in the course "Pedagogical technologies." The features of preparing students in these conditions are highlighted. The analysis showed that the methods used for the focus development help to achieve success in  interest creation as well as professional competence, further improvement of this process will achieve better results in preparation of a teacher of vocational training

ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯ ПОСЛЕ РЕКОНСТРУКТИВНЫХ ОПЕРАТИВНЫХ ВМЕШАТЕЛЬСТВ У БОЛЬНЫХ РАКОМ МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ. ОПИСАНИЕ КЛИНИЧЕСКОГО СЛУЧАЯ

Introduction. Currently, there is no global consensus regarding the management of breast cancer patients with implant-associated infections. Some studies clearly recommend their removal and surgical debridement with consecutive antimicrobial treatment, while others prefer long-term antibacterial therapy (at least 1 month) with the effectiveness of such conservative approach of 36–73 %.Case description. A 43-year-old patient suffering from brca1-positive right breast cancer t2n0m0 (invasive carcinoma of non-specific type g3, er – 8, pgr – 0, her-2/neu – 0, ki67 (%) – less than 20 %), underwent radical skin-preserving mastectomy on the right with simultaneous implant reconstruction and preventive subcutaneous mastectomy on the left with simultaneous implant reconstruction. Peri-implant infection in the left breast was observed on the 21st day after surgery.Results. The patient received empirical therapy with cefepim. Microbiological examination of the punctate revealed the causative agent of infection – methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) (1×105cfu/ml). Daptomycin 6 mg/kg/day was added to therapy. After 8 weeks, the patient received oral moxifloxacin 400 once daily, for another 3 weeks. A complete response was achieved. The patient has no signs of infection for 3 years.Conclusion. Long-term etiotropic antibacterial therapy with daptomycin followed by oral moxifloxacin resulted in a stable clinical effect.Актуальность. В настоящее время в мире нет единого мнения в отношении тактики ведения пациенток с раком молочной железы с имплант-ассоциированными инфекциями. В одних исследованиях однозначно рекомендованы их удаление и хирургическая санация c последующей антибактериальной терапией, в других – отдается предпочтение длительной антимикробной терапии (не менее 1 мес), при этом эффективность консервативного подхода достигает 36–73 %.Клинический случай. Пациентке 43 лет, страдающей BRCa1-положительным раком правой молочной железы t2n0M0 (инвазивная карцинома неспецифического типа G3, eR – 8, PgR – 0, Her-2/neu – 0, Ki67 (%) – менее 20 %), были выполнены радикальная кожесохранная мастэктомия справа с одномоментной реконструкцией имплантом и профилактическая подкожная мастэктомия слева с одномоментной реконструкцией имплантом. на 21-е сут после операции развилась инфекция в области импланта левой молочной железы.Результаты. Пациентке эмпирически была назначена терапия цефепимом. При микробиологическом исследовании пунктата был выявлен возбудитель инфекции – метициллин-резистентный золотистый стафилококк (MRSA) в количестве 1×105кОЕ/мл. к терапии был добавлен даптомицин 6 мг/кг/сут. Через 8 нед пациентка была переведена на пероральный моксифлоксацин 400 мг 1 раз в сут, который получала еще 3 нед. на фоне лечения был получен полный эффект. Больная без признаков инфекции в течение 3 лет.Заключение. Длительная этиотропная антибактериальная терапия с использованием даптомицина с переходом на пероральный моксифлоксацин позволила получить стойкий клинический эффект и своевременно провести адъювантное противоопухолевое лечение

Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up

Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period

End-Stage Renal Disease in African Americans With Lupus Nephritis Is Associated With APOL1

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that exhibits familial aggregation and may progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). LN is more prevalent among African Americans than among European Americans. This study was undertaken to investigate the hypothesis that the apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) nephropathy risk alleles G1/G2, common in African Americans and rare in European Americans, contribute to the ethnic disparity in risk

Theological and educational ideas of the Tatar enlightener Kayum Nasyri

© Chumarova et al. Purpose of the study: In the article, it is researched influence of theological and educational ideas of the Tatar enlightener Kayum Nasyri to the development of education and upbringing of Tatar people. The authors studied the conditions of the period when Kayum Nasyri lived and worked. Methodology: In the article, it is analyzed the merits of the great Tatar enlightener. There is a description of the educational goals, tasks, and principles that Kayum Nasyri thought that should be taken by teachers in the process of education and upbringing of Tatar people. Results: The authors of the article researched the value of theological and educational ideas of Kayum Nasyri for further changes of the educational system of Tatar people from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century which was the period of glory of Tatar philosophical thoughts. Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the theological and educational ideas of the Tatar enlightener Kayum nasyri is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Theological and educational ideas of the Tatar enlightener Kayum Nasyri

© Chumarova et al. Purpose of the study: In the article, it is researched influence of theological and educational ideas of the Tatar enlightener Kayum Nasyri to the development of education and upbringing of Tatar people. The authors studied the conditions of the period when Kayum Nasyri lived and worked. Methodology: In the article, it is analyzed the merits of the great Tatar enlightener. There is a description of the educational goals, tasks, and principles that Kayum Nasyri thought that should be taken by teachers in the process of education and upbringing of Tatar people. Results: The authors of the article researched the value of theological and educational ideas of Kayum Nasyri for further changes of the educational system of Tatar people from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century which was the period of glory of Tatar philosophical thoughts. Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the theological and educational ideas of the Tatar enlightener Kayum nasyri is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

A mathematical model of remote control of signals radiated by a glide-path beacon

A new mathematical model of the glide-path radio beacon of remote control was suggested. The control consisted of the measurement of the angle of slope and the border of the vertical sector of the glide path

Potential fish-productivity of the North-west part of the Caspian in nowadays conditions

Calculation potential fishermading has been made and change of this indicator on the given site of Caspian sea is shown

Quantitative changes of phytoplankton of the North-West Capian

Data for the last three years on a phytoplankton of Northern Caspian sea is cited in work, the problem of quantity indicators of development of a phytoplankton, long-term dynamics is discussed

Endothelium protecting properties of taurin in chronic heart failure with type 2 diabetes

High prevalence of chronic heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes (DM2), poor prognosis and low life quality determine the aim for optimum treatment strategy invention. Cornerstone of the treatment in this category of patients is correction of endothelial dysfunction and metabolism disorders that underlie development and progression of CHF and DM2: lipid- and glucose toxicity, insulin resistance (IR).Aim. To study the effects of taurin treatment as part of combination therapy for CHF with DM2, taking its influence on endothelial dysfunction.Material and methods. Totally, 60 patients included, after myocardial infarction (MI) lasting 6-12 months, with CHF I-III functional class and comorbid DM2. They were selected to 2 groups: 1st (controls) — patients receiving CHF treatment in postinfarction period and oral glucose lowering drugs, and 2nd (experimental) — patients also taking taurin 500 mg b.i.d. together with CHF and DM2 treatment. Assessment included 6-minute walking test, measurement of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in blood, echocardiography, vascular components of endothelium functioning, plasmatic factors of endothelial function (NO metabolites concentration and endotheline-1 in serum), glucose level, insulin with IR-index, glycosilated hemoglobine, total cholesterol, low density and high density lipoproteides, triglycerides.Results. It is found, that taurin shows endothelium protecting properties when used as part of combination therapy for CHF and DM2. These properties were noted on microcirculatory (significant in spastic pattern of disorder) level and in elastic arteries. While taking taurin, there was statistically significant increase of NO level in blood and decrease of endotheline-1.Conclusion. Positive endothelium protecting properties of taurin as part of combination therapy of CHF with DM2 were followed by significant decrease of CHF severity by NT-proBNP levels dynamics, and significant hypolipidemic effect, decrease of IR