Wave function-dependent mobility and suppression of interface roughness scattering in a strained SiGe p-channel field-effect structure

The 4 K Hall mobility has been measured in a top-gated, inverted, modulation-doped Si/Si0.8Ge0.2 structure having a Si:B doping layer beneath the alloy. From comparisons with theoretical calculations, we argue that, unlike an ordinary enhancement-mode SiGe p-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor structure, this configuration leads to a decrease of interface roughness scattering with increasing sheet carrier density. We also speculate on the nature of the interface charge observed in these structures at low temperature

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Back gating of a two-dimensional hole gas in a SiGe quantum well

A device comprising a low-resistivity, n-type, Si substrate as a back gate to a p-type (boron), remote-doped, SiGe quantum well has been fabricated and characterized. Reverse and forward voltage biasing of the gate with respect to the two-dimensional hole gas in the quantum well allows the density of holes to be varied from 8 × 1011 cm–2 down to a measurement-limited value of 4 × 1011 cm–2. This device is used to demonstrate the evolution with decreasing carrier density of a re-entrant insulator state between the integer quantum Hall effect states with filling factors 1 and 3

Promotion of GM-PHD Filtering Approach for Single-Target Tracking in Raw Data of Synthetic Aperture Radar in Spotlight Imaging Mode

So far multi-antenna techniques have been used in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) to track moving targets. These techniques carry out the tracking of moving targets in an imaging area, using a combination of the data received by two or several antennas. The aim of this paper is single-target tracking in SAR Spotlight imaging mode based on the promoted PHD filter. In most applications, target tracking in densely cluttered environment using radar system demands robust filtering so as to increase the tracking efficiency. Therefore, tracking of moving targets in the presence of high density clutters in environment, as the particular capability of the PHD filter, has turned it into a robust approach in SAR to track moving targets. Also as the simulation results show, using Range Cell Migration Compensation (RCMC) on SAR raw data before tracking, makes it possible to track a moving target with high quality

Metastability in spin polarised Fermi gases and quasiparticle decays

We investigate the metastability associated with the first order transition from normal to superfluid phases in the phase diagram of two-component polarised Fermi gases.We begin by detailing the dominant decay processes of single quasiparticles.Having determined the momentum thresholds of each process and calculated their rates, we apply this understanding to a Fermi sea of polarons by linking its metastability to the stability of individual polarons, and predicting a region of metastability for the normal partially polarised phase. In the limit of a single impurity, this region extends from the interaction strength at which a polarised phase of molecules becomes the groundstate, to the one at which the single quasiparticle groundstate changes character from polaronic to molecular. Our argument in terms of a Fermi sea of polarons naturally suggests their use as an experimental probe. We propose experiments to observe the threshold of the predicted region of metastability, the interaction strength at which the quasiparticle groundstate changes character, and the decay rate of polarons

One-pot, three-component synthesis of novel δ-sultam scaffolds via N-sulfonylation—intramolecular Michael sequences.

The synthesis of novel δ-sultam scaffolds utilizing one-pot, three-component reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, primary aliphatic amines and substituted styrenesulfonyl chlorides is reported. A variety of six-membered sultams are obtained in moderate to good yields presumably via N-sulfonylation—intramolecular Michael addition sequences

Template-based growth of TiO₂ nanorods by sol-gel process

In this paper, the preparation of TiO2 nanorods by sol-gel-template process has been considered. The prepared sols were characterized by using FTIR spectroscopy, and the obtained nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction and SEM microscopy. SEM images show that TiO2 nanorods with uniform diameter of about 100-200 nm and a length of several micrometers. The results of XRD indicated that the TiO₂ nanorods were crystallized in the anatase and rutile phases after annealing to 400-700 ºC up to 2 hours

The Effect of Probiotics on Childhood Constipation: A Randomized Controlled Double Blind Clinical Trial

Background. Inconsistent data exist about the role of probiotics in the treatment of constipated children. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of probiotics in childhood constipation. Materials and Methods. In this placebo controlled trial, fifty-six children aged 4–12 years with constipation received randomly lactulose plus Protexin or lactulose plus placebo daily for four weeks. Stool frequency and consistency, abdominal pain, fecal incontinence, and weight gain were studied at the beginning, after the first week, and at the end of the 4th week in both groups. Results. Forty-eight patients completed the study. At the end of the fourth week, the frequency and consistency of defecation improved significantly (P=0.042 and P=0.049, resp.). At the end of the first week, fecal incontinence and abdominal pain improved significantly in intervention group (P=0.030 and P=0.017, resp.) but, at the end of the fourth week, this difference was not significant (P=0.125 and P=0.161, resp.). A significant weight gain was observed at the end of the 1st week in the treatment group. Conclusion. This study showed that probiotics had a positive role in increasing the frequency and improving the consistency at the end of 4th week

The association between melasma and iron profile: A case-control study

Background ' Melasma is a chronic acquired localized hypermelanosis, causing aesthetic problem for women and impairing their quality of life. Evidence has suggested that hyperpigmentation can occur as a result of iron deficiency anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency. Aim ' We aimed to evaluate the serum parameters of iron profile in melasma patients. Material and Methods ' This case-control study investigated 51 adult non pregnant women with melasma, compared with 51 controls, from patients referred to the Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 2017-2018. Melasma was diagnosed clinically according to the melasma area and severity index (MASI) score was calculated and recorded by the physician. The groups were compared in terms of vitamin B12, folate, serum iron, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and ferritin. Results ' The mean and standard deviation of the women's age was 36.89±8.88 years, significantly higher in the group of patients with melasma. Comparing the serum parameters between the groups indicated no statistically significant difference in terms of mean levels of ferritin, Hb, MCV, iron, vitamin B12, TIBC, and folate. The women in melasma group had a higher frequency in below normal range of ferritin and serum iron compared to the control group. None of the serum parameters were correlated with MASI. Conclusion ' The higher frequency of below normal range of ferritin and serum iron levels in women with melasma compared to the control group showed a possible association between these serum parameters and melasma. © 2020, LLC Science and Innovations, Saratov, Russi