La producción científica española en cirugía ortopédica y traumatología: su presencia en una base de datos internacional

Una manera de evaluar la calidad de la investigación desarrollada en un país es estudiar su presencia en una base de datos bibliográfica internacional. Se han analizado el número y el factor de impacto de los trabajos producidos por España en Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología que han sido recogidos por Science Citation Index durante los años 1986 a 1989. De un total de 12706 documentos que se habían originado en nuestro país, sólo 41 (0,3%) pertenecían al área temática referida, siendo 34 artículos y siete comunicaciones a congresos. El factor de impacto medio ha sido de 1,2 y el número medio de autores, 4. Nuestro país se encuadra dentro de los países con baja actividad y baja atracción en Cirugía Ortopé- dica y Traumatología. Estos hallazgos confirman, además de su escasa presencia en un índice bibliográfico internacional, el reducido valor que los autores extranjeros asignan a nuestra producción científica.The study of the presence in an international bibliographic data-base seems to be a suitable assessment of the quality of the research developed in a country. In this paper we analize the number and the impact-factor of the works produced in Spain in the field of orthopaedic surgery and traumatology which have been included in the Science Citation Index from 1986 to 1989. Out of 12706 documents produced in our country, only 41 (0,3%) corresponded to the field of orthopaedics. There were 34 articles and 7 congress contributions. The mean impact factor was 1,2 and the average of authors was 4. From these date, Spain can be considered to have low research activity and low atraction of the publications on orthopaedic surgery and traumatology. Apart from the scarce presence in an international citation, these findings confirm the limited value that international authors fine to our scientific production in this area

The Simple Non-degenerate Relativistic Gas: Statistical Properties and Brownian Motion

This paper shows a novel calculation of the mean square displacement of a classical Brownian particle in a relativistic thermal bath. The result is compared with the expressions obtained by other authors. Also, the thermodynamic properties of a non-degenerate simple relativistic gas are reviewed in terms of a treatment performed in velocity space.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Liberación de la patela en las artroplastias totales de rodilla: estudio gammagráfico

Se han realizado estudios gammagráficos en 20 pacientes intervenidos de artroplastia total cementada de rodilla. En 10 casos fue necesaria la liberación del alerón rotuliano externo y en otros 10 no se había indicado dicho gesto quirúrgico. En ningún paciente existía alteración evolutiva del aparato extensor. Los estudios gammagráficos se practicaron a los 12 meses del implante con el objeto de valorar la situación vascular de la rótula en ese momento. Se comparó, en la proyección lateral, la captación de la rótula en relación a la metáfisis distal del fémur homolateral. No hemos encontrado diferencias entre ambos grupos por lo que consideramos que la liberación patelar no produce un déficit vascular rotuliano a los 12 meses de la cirugía.Scintigraphic studies were performed in 20 patients with cemented total prosthesis of the knee. The patellar release was necessary in 10 cases. None of the patients developed knee extension deficits. Scintigraphic studies were performed 12 months after surgery in order to know the patellar blood supply at that moment. Patellar isotopic uptake was compared with the uptake at the distal metaphysis of the homolateral femur, at lateral projection. We haven't found any differences between both groups, so we consider that the patellar release doesn't make a less blood supply twelve months after surgery

Angiosarcoma del muslo: diagnóstico diferencial

Se presenta un caso de angiosarcoma de partes blandas en un paciente de 92 años localizado en extremidad inferior de seis meses de evolución. Estos tipos de tumores muestran probabilidades de ser confundidos con hematomas, incluso con estudios de Resonancia Nuclear. Se destaca la ayuda que ofrece para el diagnóstico la arteriografía, así como la agresividad de dichos tumores y los posibles abordajes terapéuticos actuales.A case of angiosarcoma is presented. The patient was 92 years old. The tumor was present 6 months before diagnosis. The tumor was diagnosed by MRN as haematoma of the muscle. Arteriography is a good diagnostic tool before the biopsy in that type of lesions. Alternative treatments of such letal neoplasms are discussed

Tumor de colisión de cérvix uterino: presentación de 17 casos

El tumor de colisión es una variante poco frecuente de tumores del cérvix uterino, originados de las células de reserva de la unión escamocelular y que debe ser diferenciado de los carcinomas adenoescamosos. El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar las características morfológicas de 17 casos de tumor de colisión de cérvix uterino. La edad promedio de presentación fue 48,7 años (rango: 34-87 años). Los 4 casos con metástasis ganglionares correspondieron al componente de adenocarcinoma

Challenges for ecolabeling growth: lessons from the EU Ecolabel in Spain

Purpose The European Ecolabel (EU Flower) has the mission to encourage cleaner production and influence consumers to promote Europe's transition to a circular economy. Nonetheless, little is known about EU Ecolabel evolution; it is not clear what the drivers that encourage its implementation are. Thus, this study aims to assess the growing acceptance of the EU Ecolabel in the European Union, and Spain more specifically, by examining product and service categories and geographical regions. Methods The methodological approach taken in this study is a mixed methodology based on the triangulation method by consulting the EU Ecolabel scheme database, EU Ecolabel delegates from some autonomous regions, and the academic literature. Also, a geographic analysis was run in the ArcGIS Software with data about the accumulation of licenses assigned in 2016. Results and discussion The analysis shows that most products in Spain that have been awarded the EU Ecolabel belong to the following categories: Do-It-Yourself Products (paint and varnish), Paper Products, Cleaning Up Products, and Electronic Equipment. At the same time, the study showed that this ecolabel faces significant obstacles in its diffusion, such as the competition with environmental labels launched previously in Europe and other regional labels. Conclusions The results of this study indicate the existence of five drivers that may encourage the implementation of EU Flower in a region: (1) public management, (2) communication strategy, (3) sustainable public procurement criteria, (4) local income per capita, and (5) international trade incentives. Finally, this study provides essential recommendations for policymakers to trigger ecolabeling practices such as the need to improve the understanding of the EU ecolabel impact in different levels of activity, which means countries, regions, industrial clusters, firms, and consumers. Also, this investigation identifies areas for further research, and it expresses the need to develop business case studies about ecolabeling with the objective to visualize this phenomenon as an eco-innovation process

Spread of the invasive alga Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) along the Mediterranean Coast of the Murcia region (SE Spain)

The aim of this paper was to document the appearance and spread of the green alga Caulerpa racemosa along the coast of Murcia in south–eastern Spain. It was found for the first time in the area in 2005 and over the next two years the number of new sightings increased almost exponentially. In the period 2005–2007 the total surface area colonised by the alga in the region was estimated to be at least 265 ha. Benthic assemblages colonised by the alga were rocky bottoms with photophilic algae, dead P. oceanica rhizomes, infralittoral and circalittoral soft bottoms and maerl beds. No penetration of the alga was observed in P. oceanica meadows, except in one locality. Biometric analysis indicated high vegetative development in the established colonies in comparison to those described in other Mediterranean areas. Rapid spreading dynamics observed in the Murcia region is a potential threat for native benthic communities. Key words: Biological invasions, Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea, Colonised surface area, Distribution, Mediterranean Sea, Spain.En el presente trabajo se documenta la aparición y dispersión del alga verde Caulerpa racemosa a lo largo de la costa de Murcia, región situada en el sureste español. El alga fue detectada por primera vez en el año 2005 y durante los dos años consecutivos se observó un crecimiento casi exponencial en el número de áreas colonizadas. La superficie total colonizada por el alga en Murcia durante el periodo 2005–2007 ha sido estimada en 265 ha., siendo las comunidades bentónicas afectadas algas fotófilas sobre sustrato rocoso, "mata muerta" de P. oceanica, fondos blandos infralitorales y circalitorales y fondos con comunidades de maërl. La presencia del alga dentro de praderas de P. oceanica solamente fue detectada en una localidad. Los estudios biométricos realizados muestran un elevado desarrollo vegetativo de las poblaciones de C. racemosa en Murcia en comparación con colonias de otras áreas del Mediterráneo, siendo esta rápida dinámica de expansión una amenaza potencial para las comunidades bentonicas nativas. Palabras clave: Invasiones biológicas, Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea, Superficie colonizada, Mar Mediterraneo, España.The aim of this paper was to document the appearance and spread of the green alga Caulerpa racemosa along the coast of Murcia in south–eastern Spain. It was found for the first time in the area in 2005 and over the next two years the number of new sightings increased almost exponentially. In the period 2005–2007 the total surface area colonised by the alga in the region was estimated to be at least 265 ha. Benthic assemblages colonised by the alga were rocky bottoms with photophilic algae, dead P. oceanica rhizomes, infralittoral and circalittoral soft bottoms and maerl beds. No penetration of the alga was observed in P. oceanica meadows, except in one locality. Biometric analysis indicated high vegetative development in the established colonies in comparison to those described in other Mediterranean areas. Rapid spreading dynamics observed in the Murcia region is a potential threat for native benthic communities. Key words: Biological invasions, Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea, Colonised surface area, Distribution, Mediterranean Sea, Spain

Insights on the removal of the azole pesticides included in the EU Watch List by Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation

The aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of the Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation (CWPO) process using the inexpensive and environmentally friendly Fe3O4-R400 catalyst for the removal from water of a representative group of azole pesticides recently listed in the European Union (EU) Watch Lists (penconazole (PEN), prochloraz (PCZ), tebuconazole (TEB), tetraconazole (TET), metconazole (MET)). The complete removal of these pollutants (1000 μg L−1) was achieved in <1 h reaction time under ambient conditions using a catalyst concentration of 0.5 g L−1 and the stoichiometric dose of H2O2 (3 – 5 mg L−1) at a slightly acidic pH (pH0 = 5.0). To further demonstrate the effectiveness of the process, the ecotoxicity abatement was also considered. The initial toxicity of the pesticides and the CWPO effluents were evaluated with the brine shrimp Artemia salina and the bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Remarkably, the effluents were non-toxic for V. fischeri and a decrease of more than 80% in mortality was achieved for A. salina. Furthermore, the versatility of the system was proved in real water matrices (surface water and WWTP effluent), although a slight decrease on the oxidation rate was found due to the occurrence of organic matter and inorganic salts. The reactivity of the azole pesticides was finally compared with the achieved for other groups of pollutants included in the EU Watch Lists (pharmaceuticals, hormones, and neonicotinoid pesticides). Clearly, azole compounds showed the least reactivity to oxidation, suggesting that they can be used as general indicators of the overall efficiency of the proposed catalytic system for the removal of EU Watch Lists micropollutantsThis research has been supported by the Spanish AEI through the project PID2019-105079RB-100 and by the CM, Spain through the project P2018/EMT-4341. M. Munoz, N. Lopez-Arago and J. Nieto-Sandoval thanks the Spanish AEI for the Ramón y Cajal postdoctoral contract (RYC-2016-20648), the FPI predoctoral, Spain grant (PRE2020-09452) and the FPI postdoctoral, Spain grant (BES-2017-081346), respectivel