Correlation of hippocampal theta rhythm with changes in cutaneous temperature

A possible role for the hippocampus in alerting an animal to changes in cutaneous temperature was examined. Following local warming or cooling of the ears of unanesthetized, loosely restrained rabbits, theta waves (4-7 Hz EEG waves) were recorded from electrodes straddling the hippocampus. The onset of the hippocampal theta rhythm was correlated with changes in cutaneous temperature, an observation consistent with studies indicating that the theta rhythm is a nonspecific response evoked by stimulation of several sensory modalities. Additional data from cats and rabbits were correlated with specific neurons within the hippocampus, namely pyramidal cells. Post stimulus time histograms obtained by excitation of the dorsal fornix were interpreted in terms of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to pyramidal cells. Thus, the theta rhythm, which appears to be evoked by changes in cutaneous temperature, can be related to a specific type of hippocampal neuron which is in turn connected with other areas of the brain involved in temperature regulation

Generation of Entangled Photon Holes using Quantum Interference

In addition to photon pairs entangled in polarization or other variables, quantum mechanics also allows optical beams that are entangled through the absence of the photons themselves. These correlated absences, or ``entangled photon holes'', can lead to counter-intuitive nonlocal effects analogous to those of the more familiar entangled photon pairs. Here we report an experimental observation of photon holes generated using quantum interference effects to suppress the probability that two photons in a weak laser pulse will separate at an optical beam splitter.Comment: 4 pages, color figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Role of entanglement in two-photon imaging

The use of entangled photons in an imaging system can exhibit effects that cannot be mimicked by any other two-photon source, whatever the strength of the correlations between the two photons. We consider a two-photon imaging system in which one photon is used to probe a remote (transmissive or scattering) object, while the other serves as a reference. We discuss the role of entanglement versus correlation in such a setting, and demonstrate that entanglement is a prerequisite for achieving distributed quantum imaging.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure

Odd-Order Aberration-Cancellation in Correlated-Photon Imaging

We discuss a correlated two-photon imaging apparatus that is capable of producing images that are free of the effects of odd-order aberration introduced by the optical system. We show that both quantum-entangled and classically correlated light sources are capable of producing the desired spatial-aberration cancelation

Persistent X-Ray Photoconductivity and Percolation of Metallic Clusters in Charge-Ordered Manganites

Charge-ordered manganites of composition $\rm Pr_{1-x}(Ca_{1-y}Sr_{y})_{x}MnO_3$ exhibit persistent photoconductivity upon exposure to x-rays. This is not always accompanied by a significant increase in the {\it number} of conduction electrons as predicted by conventional models of persistent photoconductivity. An analysis of the x-ray diffraction patterns and current-voltage characteristics shows that x-ray illumination results in a microscopically phase separated state in which charge-ordered insulating regions provide barriers against charge transport between metallic clusters. The dominant effect of x-ray illumination is to enhance the electron {\it mobility} by lowering or removing these barriers. A mechanism based on magnetic degrees of freedom is proposed.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Solid-State Microwave Electronics

Contains reports on three research projects.National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant NGL 22-009-163)Joint Services Electronics Programs (U. S. Army, U. S. Navy, and U. S. Air Force) under Contract DA 28-043-AMC-02536(E

Eco-friendly gas mixtures for Resistive Plate Chambers based on Tetrafluoropropene and Helium

Due to the recent restrictions deriving from the application of the Kyoto protocol, the main components of the gas mixtures presently used in the Resistive Plate Chambers systems of the LHC experiments will be most probably phased out of production in the coming years. Identifying possible replacements with the adequate characteristics requires an intense R&D, which was recently started, also in collaborations across the various experiments. Possible candidates have been proposed and are thoroughly investigated. Some tests on one of the most promising candidate - HFO-1234ze, an allotropic form of tetrafluoropropane- have already been reported. Here an innovative approach, based on the use of Helium, to solve the problems related to the too elevate operating voltage of HFO-1234ze based gas mixtures, is discussed and the relative first results are shown.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

Reading While Listening (RWL) in an Extensive Listening Course to Reduce Student Teachers’ Foreign Language Listening Anxiety (FLLA)

In most of initial teacher education (ITE) institutions in Indonesia, teaching listening is mostly anchored with teaching for comprehension in which the inputs are restricted in classroom context or teacher educators’ textbooks. Lacking of inputs in listening may cause the inability to process larger aural texts in normal rates. Consequently, it is indicated that the types of listening inputs influence student teachers’ foreign language listening anxiety (FLLA). They experience FLLA with less listening inputs and the high rate of listening fluency during processing the authentic listening materials. However, in fact, exposing far richer and the greater quantity of comprehensible inputs in an extensive listening (EL) is the main requirement to become proficient teachers in the actual classrooms. With this reason, reducing their FLLA using comprehensible input in EL is highly pivotal. In addition, their FLLA can also be reduced using listening support to facilitate their comprehension. This correlated experimental study was to examine the effect of reading while listening (RwL) as the support and comprehensible input of listening. It was conducted between March to April 2018 in an English Education Department of a private ITE context in East Java, Indonesia. 57 student teachers participated in the foreign language listening anxiety (FLLA) survey to determine their FLLA levels in pre-test. 37 student teachers identified as high FLLA group according to the mean scores of FLLA survey were further investigated in the RwL experimentation. It reveals that the scores of student teachers’ FLLA survey after being taught using RwL input in post-test were lower than their previous FLLA scores in initial FLLA scores classification levels in the pre-test. It shows that the scores of FLLA student teachers were significantly reduced. It indicates that reducing student teachers’ high FLLA anxiety level via RwL contributes to the application of EL.     Keywords: extensive listening, reading while listening, EFL listening anxiety, initial teacher educatio

Relationship of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormones (GnRH) Induction to Reproductive Performance in Batur Sheep

Experiments were performed to determine the relationship of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) induction to estrus activity and pregnancy rate of Batur sheep. Twenty Batur sheep were synchronized to estrus using intramuscularly injection of 2 ml PGF2α that repeated in 11-day intervals. GnRH was given intramuscularly on the 9th day for 10 Batur sheep, and 10 others were not injected as a control. Reproductive performance included estrus intensity, estrus onset, mating time period, and pregnancy rate. The data were analyzed by regression correlation tests, and chi-square test were used for pregnancy rate. The statistical analysis results showed that the induction of GnRH has a very significant relationship (P<0.01) to the intensity and onset of estrus as well as the time-mating period it has a significant relationship (P<0.05). The pregnancy rate was significantly different (P<0.05) between control and GnRH-induced in Batur sheep. The results showed that GnRH induction contributed to the intensity of estrus, the onset of estrus, and the time-mating period of 37.88, 42.79, and 22.16%, respectively. The pregnancy rate in Batur sheep induced by GnRH compared to controls has 25.0% increased. It can conclude that GnRH induction was able to improve reproductive performance in Batur shee