990 research outputs found
The giant effect of magnetic ordering on a sound velocity in a sigma-Fe55Cr45 alloy
We studied atomic dynamics of sigma-Fe(100-x)Cr(x) (x=45 and 49.5) alloys
using nuclear inelastic scattering of synchrotron radiation. For the
sigma-Fe55Cr45 alloy, the derived reduced iron-partial density of phonon states
reveal a huge difference in the low-energy region between magnetic and
paramagnetic states. The latter implies a ca.36% increase of the sound velocity
in the magnetic phase, which testifies to a magnetically-induced hardening of
the lattice.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 17 reference
Measurement of synchrotron-radiation-excited Kossel patterns
Kossel line patterns contain information on the crystalline structure, such as the
magnitude and the phase of Bragg reflections. For technical reasons, most of
these patterns are obtained using electron beam excitation, which leads to
surface sensitivity that limits the spatial extent of the structural information. To
obtain the atomic structure in bulk volumes, X-rays should be used as the
excitation radiation. However, there are technical problems, such as the need
for high resolution, low noise, large dynamic range, photon counting, twodimensional
pixel detectors and the small spot size of the exciting beam, which
have prevented the widespread use of Kossel pattern analysis. Here, an
experimental setup is described, which can be used for the measurement of
Kossel patterns in a reasonable time and with high resolution to recover
structural information
Double-spiral magnetic structure of the Fe/Cr multilayer revealed by nuclear resonance scattering
We have studied the magnetization depth profiles in a [57Fe(dFe)/Cr(dCr)]x30
multilayer with ultrathin Fe layers and nominal thickness of the chromium
spacers dCr 2.0 nm using nuclear resonance scattering of synchrotron radiation.
The presence of a broad pure-magnetic half-order (1/2) Bragg reflection has
been detected at zero external field. The joint fit of the reflectivity curves
and Mossbauer spectra of reflectivity measured near the critical angle and at
the "magnetic" peak reveals that the magnetic structure of the multilayer is
formed by two spirals, one in the odd and another one in the even iron layers,
with the opposite signs of rotation. The double-spiral structure starts from
the surface with the almost antiferromagnetic alignment of the adjacent Fe
layers. The rotation of the two spirals leads to nearly ferromagnetic alignment
of the two magnetic subsystems at some depth, where the sudden turn of the
magnetic vectors by ~180 deg (spin-flop) appears, and both spirals start to
rotate in opposite directions. The observation of this unusual double-spiral
magnetic structure suggests that the unique properties of giant
magneto-resistance devices can be further tailored using ultrathin magnetic
layers.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Density of Phonon States in Superconducting FeSe as a Function of Temperature and Pressure
The temperature and pressure dependence of the partial density of phonon
states of iron atoms in superconducting Fe1.01Se was studied by 57Fe nuclear
inelastic scattering (NIS). The high energy resolution allows for a detailed
observation of spectral properties. A sharpening of the optical phonon modes
and shift of all spectral features towards higher energies by ~4% with
decreasing temperature from 296 K to 10 K was found. However, no detectable
change at the tetragonal - orthorhombic phase transition around 100 K was
observed. Application of a pressure of 6.7 GPa, connected with an increase of
the superconducting temperature from 8 K to 34 K, results in an increase of the
optical phonon mode energies at 296 K by ~12%, and an even more pronounced
increase for the lowest-lying transversal acoustic mode. Despite these strong
pressure-induced modifications of the phonon-DOS we conclude that the
pronounced increase of Tc in Fe1.01Se with pressure cannot be described in the
framework of classical electron-phonon coupling. This result suggests the
importance of spin fluctuations to the observed superconductivity
Tracking the connection between disorder and energy landscape in glasses using geologically hyperaged amber
Fossil amber offers the unique opportunity of investigating an amorphous
material which has been exploring its energy landscape for more than 110 Myears
of natural aging. By applying different x-ray scattering methods to amber
before and after annealing the sample to erase its thermal history, we identify
a link between the potential energy landscape and the structural and
vibrational properties of glasses. We find that hyperaging induces a depletion
of the vibrational density of states in the THz region, also ruling the sound
dispersion and attenuation properties of the corresponding acoustic waves.
Critically, this is accompanied by a densification with structural implications
different in nature from that caused by hydrostatic compression. Our results,
rationalized within the framework of fluctuating elasticity theory, reveal how
upon approaching the bottom of the potential energy landscape (9% decrease in
the fictive temperature ) the elastic matrix becomes increasingly less
disordered (6%) and longer-range correlated (22%).Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure
Subthreshold and near-threshold kaon and antikaon production in proton-nucleus reactions
The differential production cross sections of K^+ and K^- mesons have been
measured at the ITEP proton synchrotron in p+Be, p+Cu collisions under lab
angle of 10.5^0, respectively, at 1.7 and 2.25, 2.4 GeV beam energies. A
detailed comparison of these data with the results of calculations within an
appropriate folding model for incoherent primary proton-nucleon, secondary
pion-nucleon kaon and antikaon production processes and processes associated
with the creation of antikaons via the decay of intermediate phi mesons is
given. We show that the strangeness exchange process YN->NNK^- gives a small
contribution to the antikaon yield in the kinematics of the performed
experiment. We argue that in the case when antikaon production processes are
dominated by the channels with KK^- in the final state, the cross sections of
the corresponding reactions are weakly influenced by the in-medium kaon and
antikaon mean fields.Comment: 24 pages. accepted for publication at J.Phys.
Entropy as a function of Geometric Phase
We give a closed-form solution of von Neumann entropy as a function of
geometric phase modulated by visibility and average distinguishability in
Hilbert spaces of two and three dimensions. We show that the same type of
dependence also exists in higher dimensions. We also outline a method for
measuring both the entropy and the phase experimentally using a simple
Mach-Zehnder type interferometer which explains physically why the two concepts
are related.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figure
Synthesis, crystal structure and biological activity of 2-Hydroxyethylammonium salt of p-Aminobenzoic Acid
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