3,137 research outputs found
The global electroweak fit at NNLO and prospects for the LHC and ILC
For a long time, global fits of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model
(SM) have been used to exploit measurements of electroweak precision
observables at lepton colliders (LEP, SLC), together with measurements at
hadron colliders (Tevatron, LHC), and accurate theoretical predictions at
multi-loop level, to constrain free parameters of the SM, such as the Higgs and
top masses. Today, all fundamental SM parameters entering these fits are
experimentally determined, including information on the Higgs couplings, and
the global fits are used as powerful tools to assess the validity of the theory
and to constrain scenarios for new physics. Future measurements at the Large
Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International Linear Collider (ILC) promise to
improve the experimental precision of key observables used in the fits. This
paper presents updated electroweak fit results using newest NNLO theoretical
predictions, and prospects for the LHC and ILC. The impact of experimental and
theoretical uncertainties is analysed in detail. We compare constraints from
the electroweak fit on the Higgs couplings with direct LHC measurements, and
examine present and future prospects of these constraints using a model with
modified couplings of the Higgs boson to fermions and bosons.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figure
Association of ABCB1, 5-HT3B receptor and CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms with ondansetron and metoclopramide antiemetic response in Indonesian cancer patients treated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
Our study shows that in Indonesian cancer patients treated with highly cytostatic emetogenic, carriership of the CTG haplotype of the ABCB1 gene is related to an increased risk of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
HistFitter software framework for statistical data analysis
We present a software framework for statistical data analysis, called
HistFitter, that has been used extensively by the ATLAS Collaboration to
analyze big datasets originating from proton-proton collisions at the Large
Hadron Collider at CERN. Since 2012 HistFitter has been the standard
statistical tool in searches for supersymmetric particles performed by ATLAS.
HistFitter is a programmable and flexible framework to build, book-keep, fit,
interpret and present results of data models of nearly arbitrary complexity.
Starting from an object-oriented configuration, defined by users, the framework
builds probability density functions that are automatically fitted to data and
interpreted with statistical tests. A key innovation of HistFitter is its
design, which is rooted in core analysis strategies of particle physics. The
concepts of control, signal and validation regions are woven into its very
fabric. These are progressively treated with statistically rigorous built-in
methods. Being capable of working with multiple data models at once, HistFitter
introduces an additional level of abstraction that allows for easy bookkeeping,
manipulation and testing of large collections of signal hypotheses. Finally,
HistFitter provides a collection of tools to present results with
publication-quality style through a simple command-line interface.Comment: 35 pages (excluding appendix) and 10 figures. Code publicly available
at: http://cern.ch/histfitte
Approximate Homomorphisms of Ternary Semigroups
A mapping between ternary semigroups will be
called a ternary homomorphism if . In this paper,
we prove the generalized Hyers--Ulam--Rassias stability of mappings of
commutative semigroups into Banach spaces. In addition, we establish the
superstability of ternary homomorphisms into Banach algebras endowed with
multiplicative norms.Comment: 10 page
The effect of warmth acclimation on behaviour, thermophysiology and perception
Public and commercial buildings tend to overheat and considerable energy is consumed by air-conditioning and ventilation. However, many occupants remain unsatisfied and consequently exhibit thermoregulatory behaviour (TRB), e.g. opening windows or controlling the air-conditioning. This, in turn, might negatively influence the building energy use. This paper hypothesizes that warmth acclimation influences thermophysiology, perception and TRB in a warm environment. Therefore, the effect of warmth acclimation on TRB, physiology and perception is investigated. Twelve participants underwent a so-called SWITCH protocol before and after warmth acclimation (7 days, 6h/day, about 33 degrees C, about 22% RH). During SWITCH, the participants chose between a warm (37 degrees C) and a cold (17 degrees C) condition. TRB was determined by the number of switches and the time spent in a specific condition. Mean skin temperature was recorded to assess behavioural thresholds. Thermal comfort and sensation were indicated on visual analogue scales (VAS). After acclimation, the upper critical behavioural threshold significantly increased from 35.2 +/- 0.6 to 35.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C (p0.05) and the range of mean skin temperatures at which no behaviour occurred significantly widened (3.6 +/- 0.7 to 4.2 +/- 0.6;
Electroweak Baryogenesis in Non-minimal Composite Higgs Models
We address electroweak baryogenesis in the context of composite Higgs models,
pointing out that modifications to the Higgs and top quark sectors can play an
important role in generating the baryon asymmetry. Our main observation is that
composite Higgs models that include a light, gauge singlet scalar in the
spectrum [as in the model based on the symmetry breaking pattern SO(6)/SO(5)],
provide all necessary ingredients for viable baryogenesis. In particular, the
singlet leads to a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition and
introduces new sources of CP violation in dimension-five operators involving
the top quark. We discuss the amount of baryon asymmetry produced and the
experimental constraints on the model.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figure
Probing for Invisible Higgs Decays with Global Fits
We demonstrate by performing a global fit on Higgs signal strength data that
large invisible branching ratios Br_{inv} for a Standard Model (SM) Higgs
particle are currently consistent with the experimental hints of a scalar
resonance at the mass scale m_h ~ 124 GeV. For this mass scale, we find
Br_{inv} < 0.64 (95 % CL) from a global fit to individual channel signal
strengths supplied by ATLAS, CMS and the Tevatron collaborations. Novel tests
that can be used to improve the prospects of experimentally discovering the
existence of a Br_{inv} with future data are proposed. These tests are based on
the combination of all visible channel Higgs signal strengths, and allow us to
examine the required reduction in experimental and theoretical errors in this
data that would allow a more significantly bounded invisible branching ratio to
be experimentally supported. We examine in some detail how our conclusions and
method are affected when a scalar resonance at this mass scale has couplings
deviating from the SM ones.Comment: 32pp, 15 figures v2: JHEP version, ref added & comment added after
Eq.
Effect of beta-adrenergic stimulation on whole-body and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue lipolysis in lean and obese men
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Obesity is characterised by increased triacylglycerol storage in adipose tissue. There is in vitro evidence for a blunted beta-adrenergically mediated lipolytic response in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of obese individuals and evidence for this at the whole-body level in vivo. We hypothesised that the beta-adrenergically mediated effect on lipolysis in abdominal SAT is also impaired in vivo in obese humans. METHODS: We investigated whole-body and abdominal SAT glycerol metabolism in vivo during 3 h and 6 h [2H5]glycerol infusions. Arterio-venous concentration differences were measured in 13 lean and ten obese men after an overnight fast and during intravenous infusion of the non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline [20 ng (kg fat free mass)(-1) min(-1)]. RESULTS: Lean and obese participants showed comparable fasting glycerol uptake by SAT (9.7+/-3.4 vs 9.3+/-2.5% of total release, p=0.92). Furthermore, obese participants showed an increased whole-body beta-adrenergically mediated lipolytic response versus lean participants. However, their fasting lipolysis was blunted [glycerol rate of appearance: 7.3+/-0.6 vs 13.1+/-0.9 micromol (kg fat mass)(-1) min(-1), p<0.01], as was the beta-adrenergically mediated lipolytic response per unit SAT [Delta total glycerol release: 140+/-71 vs 394+/-112 nmol (100 g tissue)(-1) min(-1), p<0.05] compared with lean participants. Net triacylglycerol flux tended to increase in obese compared with lean participants during beta-adrenergic stimulation [Delta net triacylglycerol flux: 75+/-32 vs 16+/-11 nmol (100 g tissue)(-1) min(-1), p=0.06]. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: We demonstrated in vivo that beta-adrenergically mediated lipolytic response is impaired systematically and in abdominal SAT of obese versus lean men. This may be important in the development or maintenance of increased triacylglycerol stores and obesity
Complete Genome Sequence of Houston Virus, a Newly Discovered Mosquito-Specific Virus Isolated from Culex quinquefasciatus in Mexico
ABSTRACT We fully sequenced the genome of Houston virus, a recently discovered mosquito-associated virus belonging to the newly established family Mesoniviridae. The isolate was recovered from Culex quinquefasciatus in southern Mexico, which shows that the geographic range of Houston virus is not restricted to the United States in North America
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