SOCIALIZAÇÃO DE FUTUROS ESPECIALISTAS NO CONTEXTO DA ABORDAGEM POR COMPETÊNCIAS

The solution of the problems facing the modern Russian society largely depends on the beliefs, expectations, values and attitudes of people that determine their attitude to innovation, content, effectiveness and efficiency of various activities. Social adaptation (active inclusion in the social environment) of the individual assumes as a necessary condition the achievement of a certain level of social competence. The modern social environment has a significant impact on the process of personality formation, causing certain contradictions: on the one hand, socio-cultural modernization necessitates a new approach to the problem of social self-realization of the individual, requiring increased human activity as a subject of social life, taking responsibility for their activities and behavior, but, on the other hand, the instability of modern society increases the natural difficulties of growing up; the situation of uncertainty leads to deformation of personal development, disadaptation in society. Modernization of the education system has led to changes in the content, forms, methods and technologies of education, in connection with which there was a need to assess the results of the functioning of the education system. Analyzing the quality of a modern specialist training, researchers increasingly began to turn to the competencies formed during studying, among which an important place is occupied by social competence, estimated as the most important indicator of professional competence of a specialist in general, and in particular, in the field of economic, labor, social relations.A solução dos problemas enfrentados pela sociedade russa moderna depende em grande parte das crenças, expectativas, valores e atitudes das pessoas que determinam sua atitude em relação à inovação, conteúdo, eficácia e eficiência de várias atividades. A adaptação social (inclusão ativa no ambiente social) do indivíduo assume como condição necessária a conquista de um certo nível de competência social. O ambiente social moderno tem um impacto significativo no processo de formação da personalidade, causando certas contradições: por um lado, a modernização sociocultural requer uma nova abordagem para o problema da auto- realização social do indivíduo, exigindo maior atividade humana como sujeito da vida social, assumindo a responsabilidade por suas atividades e comportamentos, mas, por outro lado, a instabilidade da sociedade moderna aumenta as dificuldades naturais de crescer; a situação de incerteza leva à deformação do desenvolvimento pessoal, à desadaptação na sociedade. A modernização do sistema educacional levou a mudanças no conteúdo, formas, métodos e tecnologias da educação, em relação às quais havia a necessidade de avaliar os resultados do funcionamento do sistema educacional. Analisando a qualidade de um treinamento especializado moderno, os pesquisadores começaram a recorrer cada vez mais às competências formadas durante o estudo, entre as quais um lugar importante é ocupado pela competência social, estimado como o indicador mais importante da competência profissional de um especialista em geral e, em particular, , no campo das relações econômicas, trabalhistas e sociais.La solución de los problemas que enfrenta la sociedad rusa moderna depende en gran medida de las creencias, expectativas, valores y actitudes de las personas que determinan su actitud hacia la innovación, el contenido, la efectividad y la eficiencia de diversas actividades. La adaptación social (inclusión activa en el entorno social) del individuo supone como condición necesaria el logro de un cierto nivel de competencia social. El entorno social moderno tiene un impacto significativo en el proceso de formación de la personalidad, causando ciertas contradicciones: por un lado, la modernización sociocultural requiere un nuevo enfoque del problema de la autorrealización social del individuo, que requiere una mayor actividad humana como un sujeto de la vida social, asumiendo la responsabilidad de sus actividades y comportamiento, pero, por otro lado, la inestabilidad de la sociedad moderna aumenta las dificultades naturales de crecer; La situación de incertidumbre conduce a la deformación del desarrollo personal, la desadaptación en la sociedad. La modernización del sistema educativo ha llevado a cambios en el contenido, las formas, los métodos y las tecnologías de la educación, en relación con lo cual era necesario evaluar los resultados del funcionamiento del sistema educativo. Analizando la calidad de una formación especializada moderna, los investigadores comenzaron a recurrir cada vez más a las competencias formadas durante el estudio, entre las cuales un lugar importante está ocupado por la competencia social, estimado como el indicador más importante de la competencia profesional de un especialista en general, y en particular , en el campo de las relaciones económicas, laborales, sociales

Эпидемически и эпизоотически опасные виды рыб в отношении описторхидозов в Новосибирской области

The purpose of the research is identifcation of epidemically and epizootically dangerous fsh species for opisthorchosis in the Novosibirsk Region.Materials and methods. Helminthological studies were carried out from 2002 to 2020. We studied a total of 2994 fsh specimens belonging to 8 species of Cyprinidae, carps and allies, namely, ide, Leuciscus idus (L.); dace, L. leuciscus (L.); bream, Abramis brama (L.); roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.); verkhovka, Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel); crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.); gudgeon, Gobio gobio (L.); and minnow, Phoxinus phoxinus (L.). The fsh were identifed to species according to the fsh guide. To identify Opisthorchidae metacercariae in fsh muscles, the compressor method generally accepted in helminthology was used. The Opisthorchidae metacercariae were identifed using the freshwater fsh parasite guide.Results and discussion. Of 8 studied fsh species of the family Cyprinidae in the Novosibirsk region, the Opisthorchidae metacercariae infection was noted in 7 species (ide, dace, roach, bream, verkhovka, gudgeon, and crucian carp). The following Opisthorchidae species were recorded in the studied fsh: O. felineus, M. bilis, M. xanthosomus, and Metorchis spp. The O. felineus metacercariae were most often found in the supplementary host, in 12.9 % of cases, and M. bilis, M. xanthosomus and Metorchis spp. larvae were found much less often. In terms of epidemy, the ide and bream having large commercial sizes are the most dangerous: the ide as the most heavily infected species, and the bream as the most often caught and eaten by humans. Small non-commercial fsh (the dace, roach, verkhovka, as well as the small ide and bream) are of great epizootological importance, since they are used for food for domestic and wild animals most often. Infected fsh were only found at unregulated marketplaces; the infection prevalence in the roach was 35.5%, of which 22.6% were affected by O. felineus metacercariae, and 12.9% by M. xanthosomus metacercariae.Цель исследований: выявление эпидемически и эпизоотически опасных видов рыб в отношении описторхидозов в Новосибирской области.Материалы и методы. Гельминтологические исследования проводили в период с 2002 по 2020 гг. Всего исследовано 2994 экз. рыб 8 видов сем. Cyprinidae – карповые: язь – Leuciscus idus (L.), елец – L. leuciscus (L.), лещ – Abramis brama (L.), плотва – Rutilus rutilus (L.), верховка – Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel), карась – Carassius carassius (L.), пескарь – Gobio gobio (L.), гольян – Phoxinus phoxinus (L.). Идентификацию рыб до вида проводили по определителям рыб. Для выявления метацеркарий описторхид в мышцах рыбы использовали общепринятый в гельминтологии компрессорный метод. Идентификацию метацеркарий описторхид проводили по определителю паразитов пресноводных рыб.Результаты и обсуждение. Из 8 исследуемых видов рыб сем. Cyprinidae в Новосибирской области зараженность метацеркариями описторхид отмечена у 7 (язь, елец, плотва, лещ, верховка, пескарь и карась). В исследуемой рыбе зарегистрированы следующие виды описторхид: O. felineus, M. bilis, M. xanthosomus и Metorchis spp. Чаще всего в дополнительном хозяине встречаются метацеркарии O. felineus – 12,9%, намного реже – личинки M. bilis, M. Xanthosomus и Metorchis spp. В эпидемическом отношении наиболее опасными являются язь и лещ крупных промысловых размеров: язь как наиболее сильно инвазированный вид, а лещ – как наиболее часто вылавливаемый и употребляемый в пищу человеком. Мелкая непромысловая рыба (елец, плотва, верховка, а также мелкие язи и лещи) имеет большое эпизоотологическое значение, так как чаще всего служит кормом домашним и диким животным. Зараженная рыба выявлена только на стихийных рынках; экстенсивность инвазии плотвы составила 35,5 %, из них 22,6 % были поражены метацеркариями O. felineus, а 12,9% – M. xanthosomus

Modified methodology for obtaining material of peripheral lung tumors with EBUS-GS

Histological verification of peripheral neoplasms of the lungs is an actual problem of modern oncology. The use of the method of EBUS-GS increased the possibility of establishing a diagnosis in the outpatient stage from 30 to 85% of patients. The aim of the research is to increase the percentage of verification when the ultrasound probe is located in the pathological focus, but on the border with the unchanged lung parenchyma, by the modification of the distal tip of the standard guiding sheath for "controlled" opening of the biopsies to the center of the pathological focus.Гистологическая верификация периферических новообразований легких является актуальной проблемой современной онкологии. Применение метода ультразвуковой бронхоскопии с использованием направляющей оболочки значительно расширило возможность установления диагноза на амбулаторном этапе от 30 до 85% пациентов. Целью работы является повысить процент верификации при расположении ультразвукового зонда в патологическом очаге, но на границе с неизменённой паренхимой лёгкого с помощью модификации дистального кончика стандартного тубуса-проводника для "контролируемого" раскрытия бранш биопсийных в сторону центра паталогического очага

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СОЧЕТАННОЙ ЛУЧЕВОЙ ТЕРАПИИ РАКА ПИЩЕВОДА С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ БРАХИТЕРАПИИ ВЫСОКОЙ МОЩНОСТИ

Between 2008 and 2015, 82 patients with inoperable esophageal cancer were treated with radiation therapy. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I consisted of 30 patients, who received external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in combination with brachytherapy. Group II and group III patients (30 and 22 patients, respectively) received EBRT alone. Patients of group II received EBRT at a total dose of 60–70 Gy and patients of group III received EBRT at a total dose of 40–50 Gy. Treatment outcomes were better in patients treated with combination of EBRT and brachytherapy than in patients treated with EBRT alone. There was no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 with regard to their survival rates. Two-year overall survival rates in group I, II and III were 36 %, 12 % and 12 % and the median overall survival time was 15.7; 9.7 and 6.6 months, respectively.Проведено сравнительное исследование с включением 82 пациентов, страдающих раком пищевода, получивших самостоятельный курс лучевой терапии. В первую группу вошли 30 пациентов, получивших сочетанную лучевую терапию с брахитерапией, во 2-ю группу – 30 пациентов, получивших дистанционную лучевую терапию (ДЛТ) до суммарной дозы 60–70 Гр, у 22 пациентов 3-й группы суммарная доза ДЛТ была ограничена 40–50 Гр. Результаты лечения оказались лучше в группе сочетанной лучевой терапии, в то время как значение суммарной дозы ДЛТ не повлияло на показатели выживаемости. Двухлетняя общая выживаемость в сравниваемых группах составила 36, 12 и 12 %, медиана общей выживаемости – 15,7; 9,7 и 6,6 мес соответственно.

Case 3290. Platystrophia King, 1850 (Brachiopoda, Orthida): Proposed Conservation Of Usage By Designation Of Porambonites Costata Pander, 1830 (Currently Platystrophia Costata) As The Type Species Of Platystrophia

Volume: 61Start Page: 246End Page: 25

Epidemically and epizootically dangerous fsh species for opisthorchosis in the Novosibirsk Region

The purpose of the research is identifcation of epidemically and epizootically dangerous fsh species for opisthorchosis in the Novosibirsk Region.Materials and methods. Helminthological studies were carried out from 2002 to 2020. We studied a total of 2994 fsh specimens belonging to 8 species of Cyprinidae, carps and allies, namely, ide, Leuciscus idus (L.); dace, L. leuciscus (L.); bream, Abramis brama (L.); roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.); verkhovka, Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel); crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.); gudgeon, Gobio gobio (L.); and minnow, Phoxinus phoxinus (L.). The fsh were identifed to species according to the fsh guide. To identify Opisthorchidae metacercariae in fsh muscles, the compressor method generally accepted in helminthology was used. The Opisthorchidae metacercariae were identifed using the freshwater fsh parasite guide.Results and discussion. Of 8 studied fsh species of the family Cyprinidae in the Novosibirsk region, the Opisthorchidae metacercariae infection was noted in 7 species (ide, dace, roach, bream, verkhovka, gudgeon, and crucian carp). The following Opisthorchidae species were recorded in the studied fsh: O. felineus, M. bilis, M. xanthosomus, and Metorchis spp. The O. felineus metacercariae were most often found in the supplementary host, in 12.9 % of cases, and M. bilis, M. xanthosomus and Metorchis spp. larvae were found much less often. In terms of epidemy, the ide and bream having large commercial sizes are the most dangerous: the ide as the most heavily infected species, and the bream as the most often caught and eaten by humans. Small non-commercial fsh (the dace, roach, verkhovka, as well as the small ide and bream) are of great epizootological importance, since they are used for food for domestic and wild animals most often. Infected fsh were only found at unregulated marketplaces; the infection prevalence in the roach was 35.5%, of which 22.6% were affected by O. felineus metacercariae, and 12.9% by M. xanthosomus metacercariae