A multi-view approach to cDNA micro-array analysis

The official published version can be obtained from the link below.Microarray has emerged as a powerful technology that enables biologists to study thousands of genes simultaneously, therefore, to obtain a better understanding of the gene interaction and regulation mechanisms. This paper is concerned with improving the processes involved in the analysis of microarray image data. The main focus is to clarify an image's feature space in an unsupervised manner. In this paper, the Image Transformation Engine (ITE), combined with different filters, is investigated. The proposed methods are applied to a set of real-world cDNA images. The MatCNN toolbox is used during the segmentation process. Quantitative comparisons between different filters are carried out. It is shown that the CLD filter is the best one to be applied with the ITE.This work was supported in part by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the UK under Grant GR/S27658/01, the National Science Foundation of China under Innovative Grant 70621001, Chinese Academy of Sciences under Innovative Group Overseas Partnership Grant, the BHP Billiton Cooperation of Australia Grant, the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of China under Grant 2009DFA32050 and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany

NEW FONT AND ARROW FOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE GUIDE SIGNS

Although highly legible, the National Park Service\u27s (NPS) Clarendon font produces sign legends that can be 10% to 20% longer than those depicted in conventional sans serif fonts. Placing these wider signs on narrow park roads and in urban historic districts can be prohibitive. To address this problem, a project was initiated to create a new NPS Roman-style (i.e., serif) font that requires less horizontal sign space than Clarendon while improving sign readability and retaining Clarendon\u27s unique signature quality. The present study also evaluated a set of guide sign arrows to select the most legible for use on NPS guide signs. Three candidate typefaces were developed for daytime and nighttime field evaluation with 72 older and younger subjects. From the results of the evaluation, a fourth font was created and field tested with 12 additional subjects. Words created with the fourth font (NPS Roadway) were 5% to 11.5% shorter than those created with Clarendon. Further, subjects were able to read these words at 10.5% longer average threshold legibility distances than the same words composed in Clarendon. The relative legibility of 12 candidate guide sign arrows was evaluated in an outdoor field study. Forty-eight subjects participated in the daytime, and 32 subjects viewed the arrows at night. There were statistically significant differences in legibility distance among the various arrow shapes. The arrow ultimately recommended for use on NPS road guide signs performed 18% better than the FHWA standard arrow