Sampling Triples from Restricted Networks Using MCMC Strategy

In large networks, the connected triples are useful for solving various tasks including link prediction, community detection, and spam filtering. Existing works in this direction concern mostly with the exact or approximate counting of connected triples that are closed (aka, triangles). Evidently, the task of triple sampling has not been explored in depth, although sampling is a more fundamental task than counting, and the former is useful for solving various other tasks, including counting. In recent years, some works on triple sampling have been proposed that are based on direct sampling, solely for the purpose of triangle count approximation. They sample only from a uniform distribution, and are not effective for sampling triples from an arbitrary user-defined distribution. In this work we present two indirect triple sampling methods that are based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling strategy. Both of the above methods are highly efficient compared to a direct sampling-based method, specifically for the task of sampling from a non-uniform probability distribution. Another significant advantage of the proposed methods is that they can sample triples from networks that have restricted access, on which a direct sampling based method is simply not applicable

Parallel Repetition of Entangled Games with Exponential Decay via the Superposed Information Cost

In a two-player game, two cooperating but non communicating players, Alice and Bob, receive inputs taken from a probability distribution. Each of them produces an output and they win the game if they satisfy some predicate on their inputs/outputs. The entangled value $\omega^*(G)$ of a game $G$ is the maximum probability that Alice and Bob can win the game if they are allowed to share an entangled state prior to receiving their inputs. The $n$-fold parallel repetition $G^n$ of $G$ consists of $n$ instances of $G$ where the players receive all the inputs at the same time and produce all the outputs at the same time. They win $G^n$ if they win each instance of $G$. In this paper we show that for any game $G$ such that $\omega^*(G) = 1 - \varepsilon < 1$, $\omega^*(G^n)$ decreases exponentially in $n$. First, for any game $G$ on the uniform distribution, we show that $\omega^*(G^n) = (1 - \varepsilon^2)^{\Omega\left(\frac{n}{\log(|I||O|)} - |\log(\varepsilon)|\right)}$, where $|I|$ and $|O|$ are the sizes of the input and output sets. From this result, we show that for any entangled game $G$, $\omega^*(G^n) \le (1 - \varepsilon^2)^{\Omega(\frac{n}{Q\log(|I||O|)} - \frac{|\log(\varepsilon)|}{Q})}$ where $p$ is the input distribution of $G$ and $Q= \frac{|I|^2 \max_{xy} p_{xy}^2 }{\min_{xy} p_{xy} }$. This implies parallel repetition with exponential decay as long as $\min_{xy} \{p_{xy}\} \neq 0$ for general games. To prove this parallel repetition, we introduce the concept of \emph{Superposed Information Cost} for entangled games which is inspired from the information cost used in communication complexity.Comment: In the first version of this paper we presented a different, stronger Corollary 1 but due to an error in the proof we had to modify it in the second version. This third version is a minor update. We correct some typos and re-introduce a proof accidentally commented out in the second versio

Public realm for enhanced quality of Life :Interactive spaces combating climate change

Currently, facing climate change stands as a crucial focus within architecture, urban planning and design .Urban design is constructive endeavor aimed at benefiting the public. The public realm that creates the environment for individuals and communities to effectively, safely, meaningfully and permanently lead their lives .For a prolonged duration the public realm have been formulated to accommodate severe climatic conditions .the reality persists that the essence of a signification public realm continue to be widely disregarded . The aim is to clarify how exceptional quality, effectively designed, and well-managed approaches can be beneficial to implement as a strategy for climate change adaptation and environmental resilience as well as rising the standard of quality of life. based on the literatures analysis .both empirical and theoretical studies as well as developing the concepts of adaptive reorganization of the existing public spaces using landscape design ,in an effort to improve the quality of life and to tackle climate change . As a result, the paper concludes that the focus on integrating elements of urban planning and design for public realm ,as well as the aesthetic and visual quality ,demonstrates how adaptation to climate change can become a catalyst for change .by transforming challenges into resources and creating value, it plays a significant role in enhancing the quality of open spaces . Additionally, an increase in interaction with the space was observed, including motivation for engaging in activities and a sense of happines

Numerical Study for the Behavior of Stainless-Steel Sigma Columns Under Axial Compression Load

This study investigated numerically the behavior of slender austenitic stainless-steel grade EN 1.4420 columns under compression loads. The column has a single lipped Sigma cross section. The finite element model was developed using ABAQUS software, then it was validated by comparing its results against outcomes from a previous experimental study. A parametric study conducted on pin-ended Sigma columns explores the effect of various factors on ultimate strength and failure modes, such as thickness (t) and flange width (B). Results indicate that as the thickness of the column increases, so does its ultimate load capacity. Thicker columns tend to fail due to global buckling. The ultimate capacity increases as the flange width (B) increases from 60 mm to 75 mm, remains constant as the flange width (B) increases from 75 mm to 100 mm, and starts to decrease when the flange width (B) exceeds 100 mm. Comparing carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel Sigma columns, the latter shows a 34% increase in bearing capacity

Orthogonal inactivation of influenza and the creation of detergent resistant viral aggregates: towards a novel vaccine strategy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>It has been previously shown that enveloped viruses can be inactivated using aryl azides, such as 1-iodo-5-azidonaphthalene (INA), plus UVA irradiation with preservation of surface epitopes in the inactivated virus preparations. Prolonged UVA irradiation in the presence of INA results in ROS-species formation, which in turn results in detergent resistant viral protein fractions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Herein, we characterize the applicability of this technique to inactivate influenza. It is shown that influenza virus + INA (100 micromolar) + UVA irradiation for 30 minutes results in a significant (<it>p </it>< 0.05) increase in pelletablehemagglutinin after Triton X-100 treatment followed by ultracentrifugation. Additionally, characterization of the virus suspension by immunogold labeling in cryo-EM, and viral pellet characterization via immunoprecipitation with a neutralizing antibody, shows preservation of neutralization epitopes after this treatment.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These orthogonally inactivated viral preparations with detergent resistant fractions are being explored as a novel route for safe, effective inactivated vaccines generated from a variety of enveloped viruses.</p

Predicting Postprobationary Job Performance of Police Officers Using CPI and MMPI–2–RF Test Data Obtained During Preemployment Psychological Screening

We examined associations between prehire California Psychological Inventory (CPI) and prorated Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 Restructured Form (MMPI–2–RF) scores (calculated from MMPI profiles) and supervisor ratings for a sample of 143 male police officers. Substantive scale scores in this sample were meaningfully lower than those obtained by the tests’ normative samples in the case of the MMPI–2–RF and meaningfully higher in the case of the CPI (indicating less psychological dysfunction). Test scores from both instruments showed substantial range restriction, consistent with those produced by members of the police candidate comparison groups (Corey & Ben-Porath, 2014Corey, D. M., & Ben-Porath, Y. S. (2014). User\u27s guide for the MMPI-2-RF Police Candidate Interpretive Report. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. [Google Scholar]; Roberts & Johnson, 2001Roberts, M. D., & Johnson, M. (2001). CPI: Police and public safety selection report technical manual. Unpublished manuscript. Retrieved fromhttp://media.post.ca.gov/. [Google Scholar]). After applying a statistical correction for range restriction, we found a number of meaningful associations between both CPI and MMPI–2–RF substantive scale scores and supervisor ratings. For the MMPI–2–RF, findings for scales from the emotional dysfunction and interpersonal functioning domains of the test were particularly strong. For the CPI, findings for scales indicating conformity with social norms, integrity, and tolerance were strong, as were the findings for an index indicating risk of termination. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that MMPI–2–RF and CPI scores complement each other, accounting for incremental variance in the prediction of job-related variables over and above each other. Implications of these findings for assessment science and practice are discussed

Descriptive Profiles of the MMPI-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) across a National Sample of Four Veteran Affairs Treatment Settings

This investigation provides descriptive information on substantive scale scores from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) across four common service locations within Veterans Affairs (VA): PTSD clinical team, individual substance use treatment, primary medical care, and residential polytrauma rehabilitation. Test protocols for these four service settings are drawn from a national sample of all MMPI-2-RF and converted MMPI-2 administrations between January 1, 2008 and May 31, 2015 using the VA Mental Health Assist system at any VA across the United States. Frequency of substantive scale elevation and descriptive findings are examined. Results of this investigation suggest that there are differences between VA service locations on the MMPI-2-RF substantive scales, the magnitude of difference depends on the substantive scale examined, and the pattern of elevation within service location follows common clinical concerns for the settings. Implications for the clinical use, and research with, the MMPI-2-RF within the VA and with the veteran population are discussed. The views expressed in this manuscript do not reflect those of the Department of Veteran Affairs or of the United States Government