Correlation between Prostate Needle Biopsy and Radical Prostatectomy Gleason Gradings of 111 Cases with Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: 98.25pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span class="MsoPageNumber"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA;">Purpose:</span></strong></span><span class="MsoPageNumber"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA;"> There are conflicting reports in the literature about correlation of biopsy and prostatectomy Gleason scores in prostate carcinoma. The goal of this study was to determine the correlation of grading in these two types of pathologic materials.</span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: 98.25pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span class="MsoPageNumber"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA;">Materials and methods:</span></strong></span><span class="MsoPageNumber"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA;"> The coupled Hematoxylin and Eosin slides of 111 patients with prostate carcinoma were collected. Gleason scores were determined. Patients who had undergone any therapy except surgery were excluded from the study. Correlation between grades was calculated by determination of correlation coefficient. Accuracy of biopsy grading in prediction of final grade was also determined by measuring the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values.</span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: 98.25pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span class="MsoPageNumber"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA;">Results:</span></strong></span><span class="MsoPageNumber"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA;"> In 50 cases (45%), grade was underestimated in the biopsy. After dividing the cases into Gleason scores of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2 to 4, 5 to 6, 7,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8 to 10, the most of undergraded cases (84.2%)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>were in the first group (Gleason score 2 to 4) and this rate reached 5% in the fourth group (Gleason score 8 to 10). The correlation coefficient measured was 0.535 in grade to grade comparing and 0.514 in group to group comparison of the specimens. In low-grade tumors, grading in biopsy, in spite of high sensitivity (90.9%), had low positive predictive value (26.3%).</span></span></span></span></p><span class="MsoPageNumber"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">Conclusion:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> There is a moderate direct linear relationship between scores in biopsy and prostatectomy specimens. But there is a high probability of underestimation of real Gleason score of the radical prostatectomy specimen in low-grade tumors. Pathologists and urologists must consider the phenomenon of undergrading in reporting prostate specimens and managing patients.</span></span></span&gt

O-C Study of 545 Lunar Occultations from 13 Double Stars

International audienceIn this article, we have studied the reports of lunar occultations by this project observation's teams (named APTO) in comparison with other observations of the objects. Thirteen binary stars were selected for this study. All the previous observations of these stars were also collected. Finally, an analysis of O-C of all reports were performed

COOL-LAMPS. VI. Lens Model and New Constraints on the Properties of COOL J1241+2219, a Bright z = 5 Lyman Break Galaxy and its z = 1 Cluster Lens

We present a strong lensing analysis of COOL J1241+2219, the brightest known gravitationally lensed galaxy at z ≥ 5, based on new multiband Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data. The lensed galaxy has a redshift of z = 5.043, placing it shortly after the end of the “Epoch of Reionization,” and an AB magnitude z AB = 20.47 mag (Khullar et al.). As such, it serves as a touchstone for future research of that epoch. The high spatial resolution of HST reveals internal structure in the giant arc, from which we identify 15 constraints and construct a robust lens model. We use the lens model to extract the cluster mass and lensing magnification. We find that the mass enclosed within the Einstein radius of the z = 1.001 cluster lens is M(<5.″77)=1.079−0.007+0.023×1013M☉ , significantly lower than other known strong lensing clusters at its redshift. The average magnification of the giant arc is 〈μ arc〉 = 76−20+40 , a factor of 2.4−0.7+1.4 greater than previously estimated from ground-based data; the flux-weighted average magnification is 〈μ arc〉 = 92−31+37 . We update the current measurements of the stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR) of the source for the revised magnification to log(M⋆/M⊙)= 9.7 ± 0.3 and SFR = 10.3−4.4+7.0 M ⊙ yr−1, respectively. The powerful lensing magnification acting upon COOL J1241+2219 resolves the source and enables future studies of the properties of its star formation on a clump-by-clump basis. The lensing analysis presented here will support upcoming multiwavelength characterization with HST and JWST data of the stellar mass assembly and physical properties of this high-redshift lensed galaxy

Composite pheochromocytoma of the adrenal gland: a case series

Background: Composite pheochromocytoma is a rare pathological condition characterized by elements of both pheochromocytoma and neurogenic tumors. However, detailed clinical outcomes of this tumor have not been fully shown. From 2007 to 2013, we experienced three cases of adrenal composite pheochromocytoma. In this report, we investigate the clinicopathological features of these three cases of composite pheochromocytoma and compare them with previously reported cases. Case presentations: Cases 1 and 2 were a 29-year-old Japanese woman and a 59-year-old Japanese man, respectively. They underwent laparoscopic left adrenalectomy, and pathological examination revealed composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma. Case 3 was a 53-year-old Japanese man who had been receiving hemodialysis for 17 years. He underwent laparoscopic right adrenalectomy, and pathological examination revealed composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroblastoma. Although the Ki67-positive rates varied from 1.0 to 6.2% among the three cases, no clinical recurrences occurred. Despite the relatively high rate of Ki67 positivity, complete tumor resection resulted in favorable clinical outcomes. Conclusion: We experienced three cases of adrenal composite pheochromocytoma. Although the clinical findings and treatment outcomes of composite pheochromocytoma were similar to those of ordinary pheochromocytoma, further studies of the biological behavior and genetic profiles of composite pheochromocytoma are necessary to achieve a better understanding of this tumor

The DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey Data Release 2

We present the second public data release (DR2) from the DECam Local Volume Exploration survey (DELVE). DELVE DR2 combines new DECam observations with archival DECam data from the Dark Energy Survey, the DECam Legacy Survey, and other DECam community programs. DELVE DR2 consists of similar to 160,000 exposures that cover >21,000 deg(2) of the high-Galactic-latitude ( divide b divide > 10 degrees) sky in four broadband optical/near-infrared filters (g, r, i, z). DELVE DR2 provides point-source and automatic aperture photometry for similar to 2.5 billion astronomical sources with a median 5 sigma point-source depth of g = 24.3, r = 23.9, i = 23.5, and z = 22.8 mag. A region of similar to 17,000 deg(2) has been imaged in all four filters, providing four-band photometric measurements for similar to 618 million astronomical sources. DELVE DR2 covers more than 4 times the area of the previous DELVE data release and contains roughly 5 times as many astronomical objects. DELVE DR2 is publicly available via the NOIRLab Astro Data Lab science platform

DELVE-ing into the Jet: A Thin Stellar Stream on a Retrograde Orbit at 30 kpc

Abstract We perform a detailed photometric and astrometric analysis of stars in the Jet stream using data from the first data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey DR1 and Gaia EDR3. We discover that the stream extends over ∼ 29° on the sky (increasing the known length by 18°), which is comparable to the kinematically cold Phoenix, ATLAS, and GD-1 streams. Using blue horizontal branch stars, we resolve a distance gradient along the Jet stream of 0.2 kpc deg−1, with distances ranging from D ⊙ ∼ 27–34 kpc. We use natural splines to simultaneously fit the stream track, width, and intensity to quantitatively characterize density variations in the Jet stream, including a large gap, and identify substructure off the main track of the stream. Furthermore, we report the first measurement of the proper motion of the Jet stream and find that it is well aligned with the stream track, suggesting the stream has likely not been significantly perturbed perpendicular to the line of sight. Finally, we fit the stream with a dynamical model and find that it is on a retrograde orbit, and is well fit by a gravitational potential including the Milky Way and Large Magellanic Cloud. These results indicate the Jet stream is an excellent candidate for future studies with deeper photometry, astrometry, and spectroscopy to study the potential of the Milky Way and probe perturbations from baryonic and dark matter substructure.</jats:p