Sistemas de apoio à decisão para problemas de localização e roteamento.

O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar os sistemas de apoio à decisão desenvolvidos para solucionar problemas de localização e roteamento, composto pelos novos enfoques de algoritmos de localização e roteamento e sistemas de informação geográfica Spring, Map Objects, Transcard e Arc View.bitstream/CNPTIA/9959/1/bolpesq7.pdfAcesso em: 28 maio 2008

Uma nova proposta de solução para problemas de localização usando algoritmos genéticos e relaxação lagrangeana/surrogate.

Uma descrição matemática sobre os problemas das P-medianas. Algoritmo Genético Construtivo. A relaxação lagrangeana/surrogate. Resultados obtidos. O AGC aplicado ao problema das P-medianas. A relaxação lagrangeana/surrogate (lagsur) aplicado ao problema das P-medianas. Conclusões e comentários.bitstream/item/76660/1/CNPTIA-COM.TEC.-8-00.pd

The influence of labour brokering practices on employment equity in South Africa : a case of two universities

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the influence of labour brokering on employment practices, particularly those related to the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998. The research reported on in this paper is based on a larger research project that investigated the barriers to and enablers of gender equity within two higher education institutions. Utilising a qualitative case study at the two South African universities, the findings demonstrate the contradictions between the intentions of employment equity policies and practices and the adoption of a labour brokering employment strategy. Employment equity policies and practices did not include employees in the cleaning and gardening job categories recruited through labour brokers. Most importantly, the practice has serious implications for the economic survival and development of the lowest level of employees at the universities. The implications of these findings are discussed in the light of the Labour Relations Amendment Act 6 of 2014.http://reference.sabinet.co.za/sa_epublication/labouram201

Perception of difficulties with vision-related activities of daily living among patients undergoing unilateral posterior capsulotomy

OBJECTIVES: To assess the influence of Nd:YAG (neodymium: yttrium-aluminum- garnet) laser unilateral posterior capsulotomy on visual acuity and patients' perception of difficulties with vision-related activities of daily life. METHODS: We conducted an interventional survey that included 48 patients between 40 and 80 years of age with uni- or bilateral pseudophakia, posterior capsule opacification, and visual acuity <0.30 (logMAR) in one eye who were seen at a Brazilian university hospital. All patients underwent posterior capsulotomy using an Nd:YAG laser. Before and after the intervention, patients were asked to complete a questionnaire that was developed in an exploratory study. RESULTS: Before posterior capsulotomy, the median visual acuity (logMAR) of the included patients was 0.52 (range 0.30-1.60). After posterior capsulotomy, the median visual acuity of the included patients improved to 0.10 (range 0.0-0.52). According to the subjects' perceptions, their ability to perform most of their daily life activities improved after the intervention (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: After patients underwent posterior capsulotomy with an Nd:YAG laser, a significant improvement in the visual acuity of the treated eye was observed. Additionally, subjects felt that they experienced less difficulty performing most of their vision-dependent activities of daily living

Fluxo de Caixa, ADRs e Restrições de Crédito no Brasil

Following Almeida, Campello and Weisbach (2003), we use the link between financial constraints and firm’s demand for liquidity to test the effect of financial constraints on firm policies in Brazil. The effect of financial constraints can be captured by a firm’s propensity to save cash out in addition of cash inflows. While constrained firms should have a positive cash flow sensitivity of cash, unconstrained firms’ cash savings should not be systematically related to cash flows. Using 2SLS method to deal with endogeneity problems, we estimate the cash flow sensitivity of cash using a large sample of Brazilian manufacturing firms over the 1995-2007 period and, using the access to international financial markets trough ADRs as a criterion for financial constraint, we find that firms that are more likely to be financially constrained display a significantly positive cash flow sensitivity of cash, while unconstrained firms do not.Seguindo Almeida, Campello e Weisbach (2003), usamos a relação entre restrição de crédito e a demanda por liquidez para mensurar o efeito das restrições&nbsp;crédito sobre as políticas das empresas brasileiras. O efeito da restrição de crédito pode ser capturado via propensão à poupança de fundos líquidos extraordinários. Enquanto empresas que enfrentam restrições de crédito deveriam apresentar uma sensibilidade positiva à entrada de recursos extraordinários em seu fluxo de caixa, as empresas irrestritas não apresentariam qualquer relação neste sentido. Utilizando o método 2SLS, estimamos a sensibilidade do fluxo de caixa à receitas extraordinárias usando uma amostra de empresas brasileiras entre 1995 e 2007 e, utilizando o acesso ao mercado financeiro internacional através de ADRs, verificamos que as empresas restritas financeiramente apresentam uma sensibilidade positiva do fluxo de caixa à recursos extraordinários, enquanto as empresas irrestritas não se comportam da mesma forma

Treatment of patch infection after carotid endarterectomy:a systematic review

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with patch angioplasty is a widely used method for treating carotid artery stenosis. Patch infections are extremely rare, but the consequences may be serious. The current gold standard for treatment is patch excision and reconstruction with autologous material. However, no consensus has been reached and other options may be valuable as well in certain cases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the various treatment options for carotid patch infection after CEA with patch angioplasty on the basis of their outcomes (reinfection, ischemic stroke, and infection-related mortality). This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The electronic bibliographic databases PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE were searched. Case series and case reports were included. Studies in languages other than English were excluded. Patients who developed a post-operative patch infection of CEA with patch angioplasty were included. Angioplasty could be performed with any type of patch. Patch infection needed to be confirmed by clinical presentation in combination with imaging, culture, or during the operation. The primary outcome measures were reinfection, ischemic stroke, and infection-related mortality. Eleven retrospective case series, two prospective case series, and seventeen case reports were included. The study size was 165 patients (mean age 69.7 years, M/F ratio 1.75:1). One hundred and seventy-one patches developed a patch infection after CEA with patch angioplasty and needed treatment. Treatment strategies included conservative treatment (14.0%), endovascular treatment (4.7%), and open surgery (81.4%). Mean follow-up was 34.8 months and extended up to 180 months. Reinfection rate was 4.7%, ischemic stroke rate 5.8%, and infection-related mortality rate 2.3%. No statistical comparison between treatment options could be performed, because of the heterogeneity of the included studies. Autologous material should be the primary choice of treatment if patch infection is diagnosed after CEA with patch angioplasty. In emergency situations, endovascular treatment, carotid ligation, or abscess drainage could be considered. Endovascular treatment and abscess drainage are temporary solutions. After the patient has recovered sufficiently, a more durable treatment i.e., open surgery is advised. Endo vacuum assisted closure (EndoVAC) seems to be promising. Further research is needed to determine the applicability of each treatment option.</p

Session 4. Training

Subtitling short films to improve writing and translation skills / Noa Talaván (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia), Pilar Rodríguez-Arancón (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia) ; Exploring audiovisual translation in vocational education and training: free commentary in teacher training / Jennifer Lertola (Università del Piemonte Orientale) ; The relation between subtitle reading, cognitive load and comprehension in Emi lecture / Senne M. Van Hoecke (University of Antwerp), Iris Schrijver (University of Antwerp), Isabelle R. Robert (University of Antwerp) ; Accessible filmmaker: towards the definition of a professional profile / Florencia Fascioli Álvarez (Universidade de Vigo & Universidad Católica del Uruguay). Chair: Juan Pedro Rica (Universidad Complutense de Madrid

A single residue substitution in the receptor-binding domain of H5N1 hemagglutinin is critical for packaging into pseudotyped lentiviral particles

© 2012 Tang et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Background: Serological studies for influenza infection and vaccine response often involve microneutralization and hemagglutination inhibition assays to evaluate neutralizing antibodies against human and avian influenza viruses, including H5N1. We have previously characterized lentiviral particles pseudotyped with H5-HA (H5pp) and validated an H5pp-based assay as a safe alternative for high-throughput serological studies in BSL-2 facilities. Here we show that H5-HAs from different clades do not always give rise to efficient production of H5pp and the underlying mechanisms are addressed. Methodology/Findings: We have carried out mutational analysis to delineate the molecular determinants responsible for efficient packaging of HA from A/Cambodia/40808/2005 (H5Cam) and A/Anhui/1/2005 (H5Anh) into H5pp. Our results demonstrate that a single A134V mutation in the 130-loop of the receptor binding domain is sufficient to render H5Anh the ability to generate H5Anh-pp efficiently, whereas the reverse V134A mutation greatly hampers production of H5Cam-pp. Although protein expression in total cell lysates is similar for H5Anh and H5Cam, cell surface expression of H5Cam is detected at a significantly higher level than that of H5Anh. We further demonstrate by several independent lines of evidence that the behaviour of H5Anh can be explained by a stronger binding to sialic acid receptors implicating residue 134. Conclusions: We have identified a single A134V mutation as the molecular determinant in H5-HA for efficient incorporation into H5pp envelope and delineated the underlying mechanism. The reduced binding to sialic acid receptors as a result of the A134V mutation not only exerts a critical influence in pseudotyping efficiency of H5-HA, but has also an impact at the whole virus level. Because A134V substitution has been reported as a naturally occurring mutation in human host, our results may have implications for the understanding of human host adaptation of avian influenza H5N1 virusesThis work was supported by grants from the Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Diseases of Hong Kong (RFCID#08070972), the Area of Excellence Scheme of the University Grants Committee (grant AoE/M-12/-06 of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China), the French Ministry of Health, and the RESPARI project of the Institut Pasteur International Network