Security of the Medical Media Using an Hybrid and Multiple Watermark Technique

International audienceThis paper proposes a new approach of multiple and hybrid watermark using two linked fields of insertion. This approach associates two different series of marks: one is sturdy guaranteeing the supervision of diffused media though the network and testifying to the identity of the owner of the medical image; the other series of marks, which is frail, insuring the integrity, the trace and the archives of medical diagnoses. In fact, this approach allows to benefit from the advantages of different insertion spaces (spatial and frequency field) and kind of two different fields of watermark. In the spatial field, the diagnosis of the doctor (frail marks) is inserted guaranteeing its records and its trace. In the frequency, the sturdy mark is inserted allowing to ensure the automatic control of the media through the network and testifying to the proprietor of the medical image

Use of Multi-Watermarking Schema to Maintain Awareness in a Teleneurology Diagnosis Platform

International audienceFollowing the tremendous evolution of transferring images through the Internet, it isnecessary to ensure security during this act and mainly for medical images.The application of multiple watermarking technique represents a solution to preserve the security of this data, on the one hand, and the traceability of medical diagnoses made by doctors, on the other hand. This falls under remote collaborative work.This technique is applied in the TeNeCi (Collaborative tele-neurology) platform. Thisproject allows practitioners to distribute the analyses of the medical image. In fact, we used the multiple watermarking technique in a wavelet field. The theory underlying this technique is to hide information in the medical image and to ensure at the same time its imperceptibility. The diagnosis made by the practitioner is the inserted data in theimage. The fundamental challenge of this paper is how to hide the total diagnoses of each practitioner in the image ensuring a good quality of the imageat the same time

Structural characterization of Si(m)Ge(n) strained layer superlattices

SimGen strained layer superlattice (SLS) structures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GexSi1-x buffer layers on Si substrates to determine the effects of buffer layer composition, SLS thickness ratio, and superlattice periodicity, on the overall quality of these structures. X-ray diffraction methods were used to determine how closely actual periodicities and compositions met targeted values, and to evaluate the quality of these samples. In most instances the as-grown structures matched the targeted values to within 10%, though in some instances deviations of 20-25% in either the period or composition were observed. The quality of the SLS structures was greatly dependent on the composition of the buffer layer on which it was grown. SimGen SLS structures grown on Si- and Ge-rich buffer layers were of much higher quality than SimGem SLSs grown on Ge0.50Si0.50 layers, but the x-ray rocking curves of the SimGen samples indicated that they were far from perfect and contained moderate levels of defects. These results were confirmed by cross sectional transmission electron microscopy, which showed that the SimGem structures contained significant numbers of dislocations and that the layers were nonuniform in thickness and wavy in appearance. SimGen structures, however, displayed fewer defects but some dislocations and nonparallelism of layers were still observed

Riemann Surfaces of genus g with an automorphism of order p prime and p>g

The present work completes the classification of the compact Riemann surfaces of genus g with an analytic automorphism of order p (prime number) and p > g. More precisely, we construct a parameteriza- tion space for them, we compute their groups of uniformization and we compute their full automorphism groups. Also, we give affine equations for special cases and some implications on the components of the singular locus of the moduli space of smooth curves of genus g.Comment: 28 pages, 5 figure

Relationship between biomarkers of muscle damage and redox status in response to a weightlifting training session: effect of time-of-day

The aims of the present study were to: (1) investigate the effect of a weightlifting training session and time-of-day (TOD) upon biological parameters (i.e., oral temperature, hematological, C-reactive protein (CRP), and oxidative stress) and (2) assess their possible link with muscle damage responses. Nine weightlifters (21 ± 0.5 years) performed, in a randomized order, three Olympic-Weightlifting sessions (i.e., at 08:00, 14:00, and 18:00). Blood samples were collected at rest, 3 min and 48 h after each training session. Between pre- and post-training session, ANOVA showed significant increases in oxidative stress markers at the three TODs (p < 0.01) and significant increases for creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) only at 08:00 and 18:00 (p < 0.05). At rest, the results showed a significant diurnal variation for the majority of the selected parameters except for malondialdehyde (MDA), total bilirubin, and CRP with higher values observed at 18:00 (p < 0.05). After the training session, given the higher rate of increase during the morning session, these diurnal variations persisted for temperature and WBC (p < 0.01) and were suppressed for CK, LDH, uric acid (UA), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. The main significant correlations (p < 0.001) were observed between: (1) CK and MDA (r = 0.6) and CK and UA (r = 0.66 and r = 0.82) during the morning and evening training sessions; (2) CK and CRP only during the morning session (r = 0.5); and (3) CRP and WBC during the three training sessions (r = 0.8). In conclusion, the present findings: (1) confirm that the muscle damage responses could be induced by a high level of oxidative stress and (2) suggest to avoid scheduling training sessions in the morning given the higher muscle damage, inflammatory, and oxidative responses at this TOD

An improved geometric inequality via vanishing moments, with applications to singular Liouville equations

We consider a class of singular Liouville equations on compact surfaces motivated by the study of Electroweak and Self-Dual Chern-Simons theories, the Gaussian curvature prescription with conical singularities and Onsager's description of turbulence. We analyse the problem of existence variationally, and show how the angular distribution of the conformal volume near the singularities may lead to improvements in the Moser-Trudinger inequality, and in turn to lower bounds on the Euler-Lagrange functional. We then discuss existence and non-existence results.Comment: some references adde

A dynamic explanation for the origin of the western Mediterranean organic-rich layers

The eastern Mediterranean sapropels are among the most intensively investigated phenomena in the paleoceanographic record, but relatively little has been written regarding the origin of the equivalent of the sapropels in the western Mediterranean, the organic-rich layers (ORLs). ORLs are recognized as sediment layers containing enhanced total organic carbon that extend throughout the deep basins of the western Mediterranean and are associated with enhanced total barium concentration and a reduced diversity (dysoxic but not anoxic) benthic foraminiferal assemblage. Consequently, it has been suggested that ORLs represent periods of enhanced productivity coupled with reduced deep ventilation, presumably related to increased continental runoff, in close analogy to the sapropels. We demonstrate that despite their superficial similarity, the timing of the deposition of the most recent ORL in the Alboran Sea is different than that of the approximately coincident sapropel, indicating that there are important differences between their modes of formation. We go on to demonstrate, through physical arguments, that a likely explanation for the origin of the Alboran ORLs lies in the response of the western Mediterranean basin to a strong reduction in surface water density and a shoaling of the interface between intermediate and deep water during the deglacial period. Furthermore, we provide evidence that deep convection had already slowed by the time of Heinrich Event 1 and explore this event as a potential agent for preconditioning deep convection collapse. Important differences between Heinrich-like and deglacial-like influences are highlighted, giving new insights into the response of the western Mediterranean system to external forcing

Action des Nématodes Entomopathogènes du genre Heterorhabditis sur les oeufs de criquet, Locusta migratoria (L.) (Orthoptera : acrididae)

Les nématodes entomopathogènes (EPN) ont été décelés pour la première fois sur les oeufs de criquets. Quelques populations d’Heterorhabditis isolées sur les oeufs de Schistocera gregaria Forsskål, de Locusta migratoria L. (Orthoptera : Acrididae) et sur les chenilles de Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae) ont été isolées. La pathogénie des populations du nématode isolées sur les oeufs est plus importante que celle sur les chenilles. A l’inverse la pathogénie des EPN isolée sur les chenilles est plus importante sur les chenilles de l’insecte modèle. Les potentialités biochimiques des nématodes entomopathogènes et de leurs bactéries symbiontes en rapport avec l’activité protéolytique et chitinase ont été étudiées. Les bactéries mutualistes des nématodes isolées sur les oeufs de criquet montrent une importante activité protéolytique.Mots Clés: Heterorhabditis, nématode entomopathogène, oeuf, criquet, Locusta migratoriaEnglish Title:  Effect of entomopathogenic nematode, heterorhabditis on eggs, Locusta migratoria (L.)English AbstractEffect of entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis on eggs locust, Locusta migratoria (L.) First report of entomopathogenic nematodes have been detected in locusts eggs. Some Heterorhabditis populations isolated on eggs of Schistocera gregaria Forsskål, of Locusta migratoria L. (Orthoptera : Acrididae) and caterpillars of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae) were isolated. Nematode populations isolated from insect eggs aremore aggressive on locust eggs than those obtained by greater wax moth traps. Pathogenesis on nematodes isolated on carterpillar larvae bait, is greater on Galleria mellonella, insect model of EPN, than those bait by locust eggs. Biochemical potential of EPN and their symbiotic bacteria is related on proteolytic and kinetics activity. Mutualistic bacteria of nematode isolated on locust eggs show a significant proteolytic activity.Keywords: Heterorhabditis, entomopathogenetic nematode, Egg, locust, Locusta migratori

Synovialosarcome cervical: a propos d’un cas

Introduction : Le synovialosarcome est une tumeur maligne agressive. Les localisations cervico-faciales sont très rares. Nous rapportons un nouveau cas de synovialosarcome dans la région antéro-latérale du cou.Observation : Il s’agit d’un patient âgé de 37 ans, qui a consulté pour une volumineuse tuméfaction latéro-cervicale évoluant depuis 8 mois. La TDM a montré une masse tissulaire bien limitée de la région antérolatérale gauche du cou qui se rehausse faiblement après injection de produit de contraste. Le patient a eu une exérèse tumorale complète. L’examen anatomopathologique a conclu à un synovialosarcome. L’évolution était marquée par la récidive locale rapide, après 15 jours, pour laquelle il a été réopéré avec une radio-chimiothérapie post opératoire. Cependant le patient a présenté une métastase pulmonaire avec une poursuite évolutive.Conclusion : Le synovialosarcome cervical ne présente pas de spécificité clinique et radiologique. Le traitement de choix est la chirurgie.La valeur du traitement adjuvant n’est pas encore bien définie. Le pronostic est mauvais.Mots clés : synovialosarcome, région cervicale, chirurgie, radiothérapie, récidiveIntroduction : The synovial sarcoma is a malignant and aggressive tumor. The cervicofacial locations are rares. We report a new case of synovial sarcoma in the anterolateral region of the neck.Observation : He is a 37 years old patient, with a large latero-cervical tumefaction evolving for 8 months. CT showed well circumscribed tissue mass of the left anterolateral area neck which enhances low after contrast injection. The patient had a complete tumor resection. Histological examination concluded a synovial sarcoma. The evolution was marked by rapid local recurrence, after 15 days, for which he was reoperated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy. However, the patient had a pulmonary metastasis with continued progression.Conclusion : The cervical synovial sarcoma has no specific clinical and radiological character. The treatment of choice is surgery. The value of adjuvant therapy is not well defined. The prognosis is poor.Keywords : synovial sarcoma, neck, surgery, radiotherapy, recurrenc

Constitutively elevated levels of SOCS1 suppress innate responses in DF-1 immortalised chicken fibroblast cells.

The spontaneously immortalised DF-1 cell line is rapidly replacing its progenitor primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) for studies on avian viruses such as avian influenza but no comprehensive study has as yet been reported comparing their innate immunity phenotypes. We conducted microarray analyses of DF-1 and CEFs, under both normal and stimulated conditions using chicken interferon-α (chIFN-α) and the attenuated infectious bursal disease virus vaccine strain PBG98. We found that DF-1 have an attenuated innate response compared to CEFs. Basal expression levels of Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling 1 (chSOCS1), a negative regulator of cytokine signalling in mammals, are 16-fold higher in DF-1 than in CEFs. The chSOCS1 “SOCS box” domain (which in mammals, interacts with an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex) is not essential for the inhibition of cytokine-induced JAK/STAT signalling activation in DF-1. Overexpression of SOCS1 in chIFN-α-stimulated DF-1 led to a relative decrease in expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs; MX1 and IFIT5) and increased viral yield in response to PBG98 infection. Conversely, knockdown of SOCS1 enhanced induction of ISGs and reduced viral yield in chIFN-α-stimulated DF-1. Consequently, SOCS1 reduces induction of the IFN signalling pathway in chicken cells and can potentiate virus replication