Gambaran Persiapan Perawatan Fisik dan Mental pada Pasien Pre Operasi Kanker Payudara

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran perawatan persiapan fisik dan mental pada pasien pre operasi kanker payudara di RSMH Palembang Tahun 2011. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 4 orang penderita kanker payudara dan 16 orang perawat yang melakukan perawatan persiapan fisik dan mental. Hasil: Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa 3 pasien (75%) tidak siap menghadapi operasi, 12 perawat (75%) tidak melakukan perawatan persiapan fisik sesuai SOP dan 10 perawat (62.5%) tidak melakukan perawatan persiapan mental sesuai SOP serta dari hasil wawancara dengan 2 orang informan didapatkan 4 tema yaitu tahapan perawatan persiapan fisik, tahapan perawatan persiapan mental, kendala pelaksanaan perawatan persiapan fisik dan mental serta faktor yang mempengaruhi perawatan fisik dan mental. Simpula: Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perawatan persiapan fisik dan mental belum dilaksanakan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan SOP. Diharapkan bagi RSMH Palembang agar dapat lebih meningkatkan peran dari perawat dalam perawatan pasien kanker payudara khususnya perawatan persiapan fisik dan mental pada pasien pre operasi kanker payudara dengan cara memberikan pelatihan perawatan fisik dan mental

The coherent interaction between matter and radiation - A tutorial on the Jaynes-Cummings model

The Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model is a milestone in the theory of coherent interaction between a two-level system and a single bosonic field mode. This tutorial aims to give a complete description of the model, analyzing the Hamiltonian of the system, its eigenvalues and eigestates, in order to characterize the dynamics of system and subsystems. The Rabi oscillations, together with the collapse and revival effects, are distinguishing features of the JC model and are important for applications in Quantum Information theory. The framework of cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) is chosen and two fundamental experiments on the coherent interaction between Rydberg atoms and a single cavity field mode are described.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures. Tutorial. Submitted to a special issue of EPJ - ST devoted to the memory of Federico Casagrand

Pilot-scale studies of combined clarification, filtration, and ultraviolet radiation systems for disinfection of secondary municipal wastewater effluent

Disinfection of municipal wastewater effluent was evaluated using three alternatives, including: (1) low-pressure (LP)+medium-pressure (MP) UV lamps; (2) clarifier+LP+MP; and (3) pressurized sand filter+ LP+MP. Total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), fecal Streptococcus (FS), TSS, several physicochemical parameters, absorbtivity and UV transmittance (UVT; ) were tested. The UVT for secondary, clarified and filtered effluents were 3.5, 34 and 50, respectively. A 15 photo-reactivation in secondary effluent disinfected by LP lamp was observed, while it was limited to 0.03 by the MP lamp after filtration. Filtration to a surface overflow rate (SOR) of 1050 L/m2h, followed by MP irradiation at a dose of 230 mW s/cm2 was an effective alternative to reduce the TC, FC, and FS in the disinfected secondary effluent. Filtration+MP lamp met the standards of 1000 TC and 400 FC/100 mL for effluent discharge to receiving waters. This process can also inactivate FS, effecting a 6-log reduction. Among the evaluated alternatives, none of the other treatment systems performed as well as the pressurized sand filter+MP lamp, making this the best combination for post-treatment and disinfection of secondary effluent from a well-run wastewater treatment plant. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

The effects of incubation period and temperature on the Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) technique for detection of faecal contamination in water

A total of 171 water samples from 3 sources were analyzed for the presence of faecal contamination by standard MPN, P/A, EC-M and H2S techniques at different temperatures and incubation times. Analysis of water samples by H2S technique showed that the incubation period of H2S bottles is highly dependent on temperature and concentration of faecal coliform bacteria. Incubation temperature was changed from 22 to 45°C. At higher temperatures (45°C) the bottles turned to black after a 6 h incubation period. Correlation of H2S technique with P/A and MPN techniques were 75.4 and 71%, respectively. Furthermore, the P/A technique showed a correlation of 60.9% with standard MPN technique. In relation to the faecal coliform and by using EC-M technique, we obtained a correlation percentage of 65.1, 56 and 62.3% for standard MPN, H2S and P/A techniques, respectively. This study indicated that incubation period and temperature had significant effects (P = 0.05) on the efficiency of H2S technique. The times when H2S bottles take to turn black is dependent on the number of faecal bacteria, an indicator of the risk that pathogenic organisms are present. Based on the results obtained in this study, we concluded that H2S technique is a reliable method that can be used as an alternative for indication of faecal contamination and drinking water quality surveillance. By using this technique at high t emperatures, rapid screening of large number of water samples in a short period can be profitable especially when the number of drinking water sources is high

Beberapa Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Keluhan Nyeri Punggung Bawah pada Penjual Jamu Gendong

Background: Herbal Tonic Beverage Carriers are considered as high risk group of low backpain occurrence due to their activities such as bending position, lifting and carrying heavy loads. This study aims to analyze factors influencing low back pain occurrence among herbaltonic beverage carriers.Method: It was a cross sectional analytical study involved 30 herbal tonic beverage carriers in Geneng Village, Mijen Sub-district, District of Demak. Chi-square and logistic regression were employed as analysis tools.Result: This study found that age (p=0.355), working period (p=1.000), duration of lifting (p=0.433), weight of load (p=0.029) and lifting technique (p=0.628) have no correlation with low back pain occurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that sitting position was the only factor which predicts the occurrence of low back pain. Regarding this finding, it isrecommended for herbal tonic beverage carriers to have a better working position during their works in order to prevent their vertebrae from injury.Keyword : Low back pain, herbal tonic beverage carrier

Assessment Tingkat Stres Kerja Dosen Universitas Diponegoro Semarangtahun 2016

University is the main pillar that serves as a buffer of Human Resources (HR) quality where its success assessed by development and guidance to the lecturers. Based on the Strategic Plan Diponegoro University in year 2015-2019, the weaknesses of Diponegoro University as a Research University were the lecturers development. If the lecturer could not adjust itself with the demands, duty, responsibility, environmental conditions and other precipitating factors so it will be susceptible to get stress. Stress was defined as a condition that occured as a result of interaction between the individual work, where there was a mismatch characteristics and changes in the company. This research aimed to analyze the correlation between individual factors and work factors on the level of work stress toward Diponegoro University lecturers. The type of research was analytic with cross sectional approach. The sample in this study use Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling so that the respondents are 91 lectures. Based on the statistical test that using chi square test and Rank Spearman, variables that related to the level of work stress were role conflict (p value: 0.008), role ambiguity (p value: 0.002), and the work load (p value: 0.009). Meanwhile the variable that not related to the level of work stress were age (p value: 0.105), gender (p value: 0.355), work time (p value: 0.120) and responsibility (p value: 0.237). The researcher suggests to the lecturers to improve effective communication, work motivation and to the Diponegoro University to mapping the work load

Pre-Teen Alcohol Use as a Risk Factor for Victimization and Perpetration of Bullying among Middle and High School Students in Georgia

Objective: We examined the association between pre-teen alcohol use initiation and the victimization and perpetration of bullying among middle and high school students in Georgia. Methods: We computed analyses using data from the 2006 Georgia Student Health Survey (N=175,311) of students in grades 6, 8, 10 and 12. The current analyses were limited to students in grades 8, 10 and 12 (n=122,434). We used multilogistic regression analyses to determine the associations between early alcohol use and reports of both victimization and perpetration of bullying, perpetration only, victimization only, and neither victimization or perpetration, while controlling for demographic characteristics, other substance use, peer drinking and weapon carrying. Results: Pre-teen alcohol use initiation was significantly associated with both bullying perpetration and victimization relative to non drinkers in bivariate analyses (OR=3.20 95%CI:3.03-3.39). The association was also significant between pre-teen alcohol use initiation and perpetration and victimization of bullying in analyses adjusted for confounders (Adj.OR=1.74; 95%CI:1.61-1.89). Overall, findings were similar for boys and girls. Conclusion: Pre-teen alcohol use initiation is an important risk factor for both the perpetration and victimization of bullying among boys and girls in Georgia. Increased efforts to delay and reduce early alcohol use through clinical interventions, education and policies may also positively impact other health risk behaviors, including bullying. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):305-309.