Insect Diversity in Fruit Hamlets in Allang Village

Insect diversity is very important in maintaining the balance and continuity of the food chain in an agricultural ecosystem. This study aimed to identify the types of insects in the fruit hamlet in Allang village to obtain data on the diversity of insects in the Allang village. The research was carried out in two stages: using a field survey method in Allang village and laboratory research to identify the collected insects. Four types of traps are used in this study: yellow sticky traps, bait traps, pitfalls, and light traps. The results showed six orders, ten families, and 256 individual insects with a diversity index (of 1.044643) belonging to the medium category in the fruit groves at the study site

Chemistry and radiative shielding in star forming galactic disks

To understand the conditions under which dense, molecular gas is able to form within a galaxy, we post-process a series of three-dimensional galactic-disk-scale simulations with ray-tracing based radiative transfer and chemical network integration to compute the equilibrium chemical and thermal state of the gas. In performing these simulations we vary a number of parameters, such as the ISRF strength, vertical scale height of stellar sources, cosmic ray flux, to gauge the sensitivity of our results to these variations. Self-shielding permits significant molecular hydrogen (H2) abundances in dense filaments around the disk midplane, accounting for approximately ~10-15% of the total gas mass. Significant CO fractions only form in the densest, n>~10^3 cm^-3, gas where a combination of dust, H2, and self-shielding attenuate the FUV background. We additionally compare these ray-tracing based solutions to photochemistry with complementary models where photo-shielding is accounted for with locally computed prescriptions. With some exceptions, these local models for the radiative shielding length perform reasonably well at reproducing the distribution and amount of molecular gas as compared with a detailed, global ray tracing calculation. Specifically, an approach based on the Jeans Length with a T=40K temperature cap performs the best in regards to a number of different quantitative measures based on the H2 and CO abundances.Comment: 21 Pages, 15 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcom

DsRed gene expression by doxycycline in porcine fibroblasts and cloned embryos using transposon

To develop a transgenic pig, introduction of foreign genes into fibroblasts is required. In this study, Piggybac transposition was used to produce tetracycline dependent gene expressing cloned embryos. Red fluorescence proteins (DsRed) combined with tetracycline promoter flanked transposon sequences were transfected into fetal fibroblasts, and the transfected cells were used as the donor for somatic cell nuclear transfer. Induction of DsRed expression was successfully controlled by doxycycline treatment in donor fibroblasts and early stage embryos. In conclusion, this study suggested that Piggybac transposition could deliver genes into cells or embryos for developing transgenic pig.Keywords: Miniature pigs, transfection, Piggybac, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), RFPAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(21), pp. 3188-319

Zero-Shot Detection of Buildings in Mobile LiDAR using Language Vision Model

Recent advances have demonstrated that Language Vision Models (LVMs) surpass the existing State-of-the-Art (SOTA) in two-dimensional (2D) computer vision tasks, motivating attempts to apply LVMs to three-dimensional (3D) data. While LVMs are efficient and effective in addressing various downstream 2D vision tasks without training, they face significant challenges when it comes to point clouds, a representative format for representing 3D data. It is more difficult to extract features from 3D data and there are challenges due to large data sizes and the cost of the collection and labelling, resulting in a notably limited availability of datasets. Moreover, constructing LVMs for point clouds is even more challenging due to the requirements for large amounts of data and training time. To address these issues, our research aims to 1) apply the Grounded SAM through Spherical Projection to transfer 3D to 2D, and 2) experiment with synthetic data to evaluate its effectiveness in bridging the gap between synthetic and real-world data domains. Our approach exhibited high performance with an accuracy of 0.96, an IoU of 0.85, precision of 0.92, recall of 0.91, and an F1 score of 0.92, confirming its potential. However, challenges such as occlusion problems and pixel-level overlaps of multi-label points during spherical image generation remain to be addressed in future studies

Die Computertomographie bei der Bildgebung von Kindern mit kongenitalen Herzvitien

Zusammenfassung: Kongenitale Herzfehler sind die häufigsten kongenitalen Fehlbildungen. Echokardiographie und Katheterangiographie gelten allgemein als Goldstandard zur Abklärung angeborener Herzerkrankungen. Die Magnetresonanztomographie ist aufgrund ihrer Fähigkeit, Herzvitien morphologisch und funktionell zu charakterisieren, als ein wichtiges ergänzendes Verfahren anzusehen. Durch mehr und mehr dosissparende Untersuchungsprotokolle der neuesten Gerätegenerationen und eine gleichzeitig bessere zeitliche und räumliche Auflösung findet die Computertomographie zunehmend Eingang in die Abklärung kongenitaler Herzfehler. In der präoperativen Planung und der postoperativen Kontrolle erlaubt sie eine übersichtliche Darstellung komplexer Fehlbildung nicht nur des Herzens, sondern auch der pulmonalvenösen und -arteriellen Zirkulation sowie des systemischen Kreislaufs. Dieser Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über die technischen Aspekte der kardialen CT und die Anpassung des Untersuchungsprotokolls an die zu erwartende Pathologie und das Alter des Kindes. Zudem werden die Möglichkeiten und Limitationen der unterschiedlichen dosissparenden Protokolle erläuter

Lattice instabilities of cubic NiTi from first principles

The phonon dispersion relation of NiTi in the simple cubic B2 structure is computed using first-principles density-functional perturbation theory with pseudopotentials and a plane-wave basis set. Lattice instabilities are observed to occur across nearly the entire Brillouin zone, excluding three interpenetrating tubes of stability along the (001) directions and small spheres of stability centered at R. The strongest instability is that of the doubly degenerate M5' mode. The atomic displacements of one of the eigenvectors of this mode generate a good approximation to the observed B19' ground-state structure.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Hydrogen-rich Syngas Production from Ethanol Dry Reforming on La-doped Ni/Al2O3 Catalysts: Effect of Promoter Loading

Ethanol dry reforming has been studied over La-promoted Ni catalysts supported on Al2O3 with different promoter loadings at varying CO2 partial pressure of 20-50 kPa. Catalysts were prepared via co-impregnation technique and characterized using BET surface area, X-ray diffraction measurement, temperature-programmed calcination and scanning electron microscopy. Doped and undoped catalysts possessed high surface area of about 86-108 m2 g-1 and La promoter was well-dispersed on support surface. Xray diffraction measurements indicated the formation of La2O3, NiO and NiAl2O4 phases in line with temperature-programmed calcination results. La-addition enhanced the dispersion of NiO particles and reduced the agglomeration of metal oxides. Both C2H5OH and CO2 conversions improved with increasing CO2 partial pressure rationally due to the growing secondary CO2 reforming of CH4 reaction. The ratio of H2/CO produced from ethanol dry reforming varied from 1.1 to 1.4 favored for usage as feedstocks of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The yield of H2 and CO also enhanced with increasing CO2 partial pressure whilst the optimal La loading in terms of C2H5OH conversion was observed at 3%La and catalytic activity increased with promoter addition reasonably owing to the redox properties of La promoter. CO2 reforming of ethanol reaction appeared via ethanol decomposition to CH4 intermediate product, which was subsequently converted to CO and H2 mixture through CH4 dry reforming reaction