How Sustainable is the Millennials' Diet? Reflections on a Qualitative Study

The world population is growing at a rapid pace. Economic advance is increasing the global demand for food and diversified diets. Agricultural production contributes to the pollution of the environment. Given the limitation of water and land resources, a dietary change is necessary to contribute to food security and ensure the care of the planet. Sustainable and healthy eating, among which the Mediterranean diet is identified, could be the answer. Leaving the parental home to live independently during young adulthood is likely to influence food choice behavior towards the development of unhealthy and unsustainable food choice patterns. This paper draws on a small scale, mixed-methods qualitative study made with young Portuguese and Spanish millennials in 2019 to question the eating practices and perceptions when experiencing transition to adulthood. Based on food diaries and semi-structured interviews, results show that often participants choose the Mediterranean diet. Millennials express interest in continuing to prepare the homemade and traditional dishes they ate before becoming independent, arguing that they are accustomed to flavors, identifying traditional food with healthy food and valuing the affective memories with their family of origin. Overall, millennials’ food practices transversally claim for a water-energy-food nexus, embracing SDGs

Water maser detections in southern candidates to post-AGB stars and Planetary Nebulae

We intended to study the incidence and characteristics of water masers in the envelopes of stars in the post-AGB and PN evolutionary stages. We have used the 64-m antenna in Parkes (Australia) to search for water maser emission at 22 GHz, towards a sample of 74 sources with IRAS colours characteristic of post-AGB stars and PNe, at declination $< -32 \deg$. In our sample, 39% of the sources are PNe or PNe candidates, and 50% are post-AGB stars or post-AGB candidates. We have detected four new water masers, all of them in optically obscured sources: three in PNe candidates (IRAS 12405-6219, IRAS 15103-5754, and IRAS 16333-4807); and one in a post-AGB candidate (IRAS 13500-6106). The PN candidate IRAS 15103-5754 has water fountain characteristics, and it could be the first PN of this class found. We confirm the tendency suggested in Paper I that the presence of water masers in the post-AGB phase is favoured in obscured sources with massive envelopes. We propose an evolutionary scenario for water masers in the post-AGB and PNe stages, in which ``water fountain'' masers could develop during post-AGB and early PN stages. Later PNe would show lower velocity maser emission, both along jets and close to the central objects, with only the central masers remaining in more evolved PNe.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysic

VISIR-VLT high resolution study of the extended emission of four obscured post-AGB candidates

The onset of the asymmetry of planetary nebulae (PNe) is expected to occur during the late Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) and early post-AGB phases of low- and intermediate-mass stars. Among all post-AGB objects, the most heavily obscured ones might have escaped the selection criteria of previous studies detecting extreme axysimmetric structures in young PNe. Since the most heavily obscured post-AGB sources can be expected to descend from the most massive PN progenitors, these should exhibit clear asymmetric morphologies. We have obtained VISIR-VLT mid-IR images of four heavily obscured post-AGB objects barely resolved in previous Spitzer IRAC observations to analyze their morphology and physical conditions across the mid-IR. The VISIR-VLT images have been deconvolved, flux calibrated, and used to construct RGB composite pictures as well as color and optical depth maps that allow us to study the morphology and physical properties of the extended emission of these sources. We have detected extended emission from the four objects in our sample and resolved it into several structural components that are greatly enhanced in the temperature and optical depth maps. They reveal the presence of asymmetry in three young PNe (IRAS 15534-5422, IRAS 17009-4154, and IRAS 18454+0001), where the asymmetries can be associated with dusty torii and slightly bipolar outflows. The fourth source (IRAS 18229-1127), a possible post-AGB star, is better described as a rhomboidal detached shell. The heavily obscured sources in our sample do not show extreme axisymmetric morphologies. This is at odds with the expectation of highly asymmetrical morphologies in post-AGB sources descending from massive PN progenitors. The sources presented in this paper may be sampling critical early phases in the evolution of massive PN progenitors, before extreme asymmetries develop.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Radio interferometric observations of candidate water-maser-emitting planetary nebulae

We present Very Large Array (VLA) observations of H2O and OH masers, as well as radio continuum emission at 1.3 and 18 cm toward three sources previously cataloged as planetary nebulae (PNe) and in which single-dish detections of H2O masers have been reported: IRAS 17443-2949, IRAS 17580-3111, and IRAS 18061-2505. Our goal was to unambiguously confirm their nature as water-maser-emitting PNe, a class of objects of which only two bona-fide members were previously known. We detected and mapped H2O maser emission toward all three sources, while OH maser emission is detected in IRAS 17443-2949 and IRAS 17580-3111 as well as in other two objects within the observed fields: IRAS 17442-2942 (unknown nature) and IRAS 17579-3121 (also cataloged as a possible PN). We found radio continuum emission associated only with IRAS 18061-2505. Our results confirm IRAS 18061-2505 as the third known case of a PN associated with H2O maser emission. The three known water-maser-emitting PNe have clear bipolar morphologies, which suggests that water maser emission in these objects is related to non-spherical mass-loss episodes. We speculate that these bipolar PNe would have ``water-fountain'' Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) and post-AGB stars as their precursors. A note of caution is given for other objects that have been classified as OHPNe (objects with both OH maser and radio continuum emission, that could be extremely young PNe) based on single-dish observations, since interferometric data of both OH masers and continuum are necessary for a proper identification as members of this class.Comment: 33 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by The Astronomical Journa

Luxación aislada del piramidal

ResumenAunque las luxaciones carpianas son lesiones relativamente frecuentes, la luxación aislada del piramidal es excepcional. Presentamos un caso aislado de luxación volar del hueso piramidal, revisando los casos similares publicados en la literatura y analizando los aspectos más importantes en relación con su diagnóstico y tratamiento.Varón de 38 años de edad, con caída sobre su mano derecha en hiperextensión. Inicialmente el diagnóstico pasó desapercibido. Al mes se realizó reducción abierta y estabilización con agujas de Kirchner.A los 4 años de la cirugía el paciente se encuentra asintomático y con la misma fuerza de agarre que la mano contralateral. Las radiografías postoperatorias muestran una buena reducción del carpo sin signos de inestabilidad.La falta de un diagnóstico inicial y en consecuencia un retraso en el tratamiento hacen más difícil el manejo de las lesiones, pero es una reducción inadecuada del carpo el factor pronóstico más negativo.AbstractAlthough carpal dislocations are a relatively common injury, isolated dislocation of the triquetrum is exceptional. The report of a new case is presented of isolated volar dislocation of the triquetrum, as well as an analysis of similar cases published in the literature. The main factors related to their diagnosis and treatment are also reviewed.A 38-year-old man fell and landed on his right hand in hyper-extension. Diagnosis was initially unnoticed. An open reduction and Kirchner wires stabilisation was performed one month later.Four years after surgery the patient was asymptomatic and with the same grip strength as contralateral hand. Post-operative X-rays were favourable with good carpal reduction and alignment and without carpal instability signs.The lack of an initial diagnosis and consequently a delayed treatment, make more difficult the injury management more difficult, but an inadequate carpal reduction the most negative prognostic factor

Consumer-brand relationships under the marketing 3.0 paradigm: A literature review

Consumer-brand relationships encompass several dimensions, most of which have attracted growing research attention during the last years. Building these relationships is especially important in the marketing 3.0 era, where it is suggested that customers will choose those brands that satisfy their deepest needs. With these ideas in mind, this article provides a review of two key concepts implied in such relationships: brand love and customer engagement. Although both conceptions focus on different stages of consumer-brand relationships, they actually cover different perspectives on the same process. Moreover, they come from diverse conceptual paradigms: whilst brand love comes from the psychology discipline, engagement derives from diverse areas of the marketing field (e.g., the service-dominant logic perspective). However, their further empirical developments have taken place in marketing. Besides, both terms appear to be applied to different empirical perspectives: brand love is usually linked to the Fast Moving Consumer Goods industry and customer engagement to services

Effects of the dexmedetomidine sedation on intraocular pressure and on the central cornea thickness in the dog

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la sedación con dexmedetomidina sobre la presión intraocular (PIO) y el espesor central de la córnea (ECC) en perros Material y métodos: Estudio realizado en 10 perros a los que se midió la PIO y ECC basales y tras administración tópica de tropicamida 1%. Seguidamente sedamos con dexmedetomidina 5μg/kg IV y valoramos PIO y ECC a los 5,10, 15 y 20 minutos post-sedación. Los valores medios se compararon mediante la prueba t de Student para muestras pareadas. Resultados: Los valores medios basales de PIO fueron media ± D.E. 10,95 ± 1,70 mmHg; y 571 ± 21,42 μm para el ECC. No existe asociación significativa entre PIO y ECC (r= -0,2399). La midriasis no varió significativamente los valores de PIO (P= 0,3665) pero sí el ECC (P=5,6109x10-6). La sedación con dexmedetomidina no varía significativamente los valores de PIO ni ECC (P>0,05). Conclusiones: La midriasis provocada por tropicamida 1% disminuye significativamente el ECC pero no la PIO. La sedación con dexmedetomidina 5 mg/kg IV no varía significativamente los valores basales de PIO ni del ECC.Objective: to determine the effects of the dexmedetomidine sedation on intraocular pressure (IOP) and on the central corneal thickness (CCT). Material and methods: this study has been performed over 10 dogs treated in the Veterinary Clinical Hospital of Córdoba University. The IOP and the CCT were measured before and after administration of one drop of 1% tropicamide. Thereafter, they were sedated with dexmedetomidine 5 μg/kg IV, and IOP and CCT were evaluated at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after sedation. A t-Student test was performed with paired samples of mean values in order to compare both groups. Results: Basal values of IOP were 10.95 ± 1.70 mmHg, whereas CCT mean values were 571 ± 21.42μm. There were no statistically significant association between IOP and CCT (Pearson correlation r= -0.2399). Mydriasis did not significantly change the values of IOP (P= 0.3665), but did the CCT ones (P= 5.6109x10-6). No statistically significant differences were found between the IOP nor the CCT values before and after sedation with dexmedetomidine (P>0.05). Conclusions: tropicamide-induced mydriasis does not affect IOP value, but it causes a significant decrease of the CCT value. Sedation with 5 g/kg IV dexmedetomidine has not statistically significant effect on IOP or CCT

Selecting and Customizing a Mereology Ontology for its Reuse in a Pharmaceutical Product Ontology

This paper presents our experience in reusing mereology ontologies in a Pharmaceutical Product ontology, an ontology built by the EU NeOn project. It shows a set of mereology ontologies implemented in different machine interpretable languages and analyzes them according to the different types of mereology identified by Varzi. Then, it describes the specifications of mereology modeling necessities for Pharmaceutical Product. Finally, it presents the ontology which fits best with the specifications. One of the results of this work is a procedure to reuse general (also called common) ontologies

Methodological guidelines for reusing general ontologies

Currently, there is a great deal of well-founded explicit knowledge formalizing general notions, such as time concepts and the part_of relation. Yet, it is often the case that instead of reusing ontologies that implement such notions (the so-called general ontologies), engineers create procedural programs that implicitly implement this knowledge. They do not save time and code by reusing explicit knowledge, and devote effort to solve problems that other people have already adequately solved. Consequently, we have developed a methodology that helps engineers to: (a) identify the type of general ontology to be reused; (b) find out which axioms and definitions should be reused; (c) make a decision, using formal concept analysis, on what general ontology is going to be reused; and (d) adapt and integrate the selected general ontology in the domain ontology to be developed. To illustrate our approach we have employed use-cases. For each use case, we provide a set of heuristics with examples. Each of these heuristics has been tested in either OWL or Prolog. Our methodology has been applied to develop a pharmaceutical product ontology. Additionally, we have carried out a controlled experiment with graduated students doing a MCs in Artificial Intelligence. This experiment has yielded some interesting findings concerning what kind of features the future extensions of the methodology should have