A SPH solver for simulating paramagnetic solid fluid interaction in the presence of an external magnetic field

Acknowledgment The first two authors wish to express their sincerest thanks to Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) for supporting this work under Contract Number 92021291.Peer reviewedPostprin

Non-linear stress response of non-gap-spanning magnetic chains suspended in a Newtonian fluid under oscillatory shear test : A direct numerical simulation

The corresponding author wishes to express his sincerest thanks to the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) for supporting this work under Contract Number 92021291.Peer reviewedPostprintPublisher PD

Epidemiological Study of Poisoning in Patients of Karaj Shariati Hospital in 2011 to 2012

Background:Acute poisoning is one of the most problems of health systems in the world. The aims of this study are evaluation of demographic characteristics and causes of poisonings in patients referred to Karaj Shariati hospital.Methods: A cross sectional study was done in one year. With a non-probability convenience sampling, all of poisoning patients admitted in Karaj Shariati hospital from June 2011 to June 2012 were studied. Data collected from patients records and then analyzed.Results: One hundred seventy two drug poisoning patients with mean age of 29.8 (SD=13.4) years evaluated. The most common drugs which caused poisoning were: Benzodiazepines, Tramadol, Psychiatry drugs and Acetaminophen. 12.8 percent of patients had drug-induced seizure and mortality rate was 5.8 %. There was a relation between Tramadol poisoning and drug-induced seizure(p value=0.000, Odds Ratio=12.8, 95%Confidence of Interval (4.7-34.8)).Conclusion: This study showed that Tramadol poisoning prevalence is high and opiates are the most common cause of death in drug poisonings, which show need to more educations in schools and addiction-disuse centers and more controls on pharmacies

Thyroid exposure in brain CT-scan and skull X-ray, using different levels of mA and Kvp with and without thyroid shield.

زمینه و هدف: امروزه در تصویر برداری های رادیولوژیکی از جمجمه، پرتو گیری تیروئید، به عنوان یک عضو بحرانی، اهمیت فراوانی دارد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی دز دریافتی تیروئید در دو روش سی تی اسکن مغز و رادیوگرافی معمول جمجمه، با اعمال مقادیر مختلف شدت جریان و اختلاف پتانسیل با و بدون استفاده از شیلد تیروئید انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی 350 بیمارسرپایی انتخاب و قبل از پرتودهی 2 عدد قرص TLD (Thermo luminescence Dosimetr) بر روی تیروئید هر بیمار نصب شد. برای انجام سی تی اسکن مغز سه سطح مختلف شدت جریان (در 210 بیمار) و برای رادیوگرافی معمول جمجمه دو سطح مختلف اختلاف پتانسیـــل (در 140 بیمار) استفاده گردید. پرتودهی ها با و بدون استفاده از شیلد تیروئید انجام شد. سپس TLD ها قرائت و داده به کمک آزمون آماری t دانشجویی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: در آزمون های سی تی اسکن (با Kvp ثابت)، با کاهش شدت جریان از 150 به 125 میلی آمپر میزان پرتوگیری تیروئید از 38/9±101 به 04/8±2/82 میلی رم رسید (01/0

Phenotypical characterization of Iranian isolates of Agrobacterium vitis, the causal agent of crown gall disease of grapevine

From Karaj and Takestan (Iran) vineyards bacterial colonies typical of Agrobacterium were isolated from soil, plant sap and young galls on a selective medium during early spring 1996. Bacterial isolates that were gram-negative and oxidase- and catalase-positive were cultured on King's B medium in order to be distinguishable from fluorescing pseudomonads. Thirty-two Agrobacterium isolates were inoculated on test plants such as Datura, Nicotiana and Lycopersicon. Pathogenic isolates were inoculated on 10 different Iranian grape varieties for gall formation. A biovar differentiation study showed that 7 pathogenic strains and 15 non-pathogenic strains belong to A. vitis, whereas 6 non-pathogenic strains belong to biovar 1 and 4 non-pathogenic strains to biovar 2 of Agrobacterium spp. Pathogenic strains of A. vitis were characterized on the basis of phenotypic tests, protein and plasmid profiles and an antibiotic sensitivity test. Electrophoretic studies revealed that A. vitis strains were different with regard to the protein profile but shared a common high molecular weight plasmid DNA band in the agarose gel. It is concluded that the Iranian strains of A. vitis are phenotypically guile heterogeneous and distinguishable

Evaluation of the Level of Protection in Radiology Departments of Kermanshah, Iran

Introduction Radiation protection is an important safety issue for radiographers and patients. The aim of this study was to assess the observance of radiation protection regulations in radiology departments of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Materials and Methods In total, 48 radiographers and 8 radiography rooms were evaluated in three hospitals of Kermanshah, Iran. Additionally, 120 patients were randomly selected in the present study. For data collection, a questionnaire on radiation protection devices, radiographers, and patients was completed. Data were analyzed, using Microsoft Excel. Results Based on the analysis, 56.8% of radiation protection devices were accessible to radiographers. Overall, 81.3% of radiographers stated that they utilized film badges for radiographic procedures, while only 71.7% had used these badges in practice. Additionally, 54.2% of radiographers claimed that they regularly performed medical check-ups; however, based on the documents available at personnel offices, only 43.8% had taken this measure into account. Also, 60.4% of radiographers claimed that they had participated in annual training courses, while based on the records, only 41.7% had participated in such courses. Conclusion The majority of radiographers had no regard for radiation protection principles for either themselves or the patients. Apparently, not only hospital authorities, but also heads of departments ignore radiation protection principles for the patients and radiographers

Polymer Translocation Dynamics in the Quasi-Static Limit

Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are used to study the dynamics of polymer translocation through a nanopore in the limit where the translocation rate is sufficiently slow that the polymer maintains a state of conformational quasi-equilibrium. The system is modeled as a flexible hard-sphere chain that translocates through a cylindrical hole in a hard flat wall. In some calculations, the nanopore is connected at one end to a spherical cavity. Translocation times are measured directly using MC dynamics simulations. For sufficiently narrow pores, translocation is sufficiently slow that the mean translocation time scales with polymer length N according to \propto (N-N_p)^2, where N_p is the average number of monomers in the nanopore; this scaling is an indication of a quasi-static regime in which polymer-nanopore friction dominates. We use a multiple-histogram method to calculate the variation of the free energy with Q, a coordinate used to quantify the degree of translocation. The free energy functions are used with the Fokker-Planck formalism to calculate translocation time distributions in the quasi-static regime. These calculations also require a friction coefficient, characterized by a quantity N_{eff}, the effective number of monomers whose dynamics are affected by the confinement of the nanopore. This was determined by fixing the mean of the theoretical distribution to that of the distribution obtained from MC dynamics simulations. The theoretical distributions are in excellent quantitative agreement with the distributions obtained directly by the MC dynamics simulations for physically meaningful values of N_{eff}. The free energy functions for narrow-pore systems exhibit oscillations with an amplitude that is sensitive to the nanopore length. Generally, larger oscillation amplitudes correspond to longer translocation times.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figure

Bactericide ATM's keyboard intelligent systems

زمینه و هدف: آلوده بودن صفحه کلید دستگاه های خودپرداز بانکی و مراجعه فراوان کاربران به آن ها، باعث انتقال باکتری ها به انسان می شود. بنابراین از بین بردن این باکتری ها نقش مهمی در سلامتی انسان دارد. این مطالعه با هدف معرفی و ارزیابی یک سیستم هوشمند باکتری زدایی از صفحه کلید دستگاه های خودپرداز انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی یک سیستم هوشمند ساخته شد که بر اساس خاصیت باکتری کشی پرتوهای فرابنفش عمل می کند. قبل از ارزیابی سیستم هوشمند، نمونه برداری از صفحه کلیدها انجام و تعداد باکتری اشریشیا کلی به عنوان گروه شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. قابلیت فعال شدن خودکار سیستم (پرتودهی یا قطع پرتودهی) بر اساس تعداد مراجعه کاربران، گذشت زمان و قطع تابش در زمان مراجعه کاربر بررسی شد. پس از تابش به مدت 5، 10، 15 و 20 ثانیه از فاصله 10 سانتی متری به صفحه کلید آلوده، مجدداً نمونه برداری صورت گرفت و پس از کشت باکتری ها، شمارش انجام و تعداد باکتری اشریشیا کلی با گروه شاهد مقایسه شد. یافته ها: بررسی عملکردهای مختلف سیستم نشان داد که پرتودهی (یا قطع پرتودهی) بر اساس موارد تعریف شده برای آن، به صورت خودکار انجام می شود. آزمایش های باکتریولوژیکی نشان داد که با تابش پرتو، تعداد باکتری ها به کمتر از یک درصد می رسد و در همه موارد تعداد باکتری زنده مانده با گروه شاهد تفاوت معنی داری نشان می دهد (05/0>P). نتیجه گیری: یکی از روش های مرسوم کاهش آلودگی از صفحه کلید دستگاه های خودپرداز تمیز نمودن دوره ای آن ها با مواد ضد عفونی کننده است که در دراز مدت روشی پرهزینه می باشد. سیستم هوشمند طراحی شده در مطالعه حاضر راهکار مناسبی برای کاهش آلودگی از صفحه کلید این دستگاه ها می باشد

The Frequency of Opium Addiction and Cofactors in Diabetic Patients Referred to Karaj Dr. Shariati Hospital in 1389-90

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common and complicate endocrine disease in Iran. Also, opium addiction is one of the most prevalent social problems in Iran. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of opium addiction and diabetic vascular complications in diabetic patients. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in two years (1389- 90) in Karaj Dr. Shariati hospital. Sampling method was non-probability convenience sampling. Sample size was 384 patients. Data collection forms filled with patient’s files evidences. Statistical analysis of data was performed with SPSS. Results: 384 diabetic patients with age ranging from 13 to 91 years old (mean age 59.1 years) were evaluated. 40 patients (10.4%) were opium addict and 75 patients (19.5%) were smoker. After elimination of smoking effect, frequency of retinopathy, neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcer were significantly more in opium addicts than other diabetic patients. Conclusion: Opium abuse in diabetic patients can accelerates and progresses some of diabetic vascular complications