Feature-interaction detection based on feature-based specifications

A Gd3+-coordinated polymerizable analogue of the MRI contrast agent Gd-DOTA was used to prepare amphiphilic block copolymers, with hydrophilic blocks composed entirely of the polymerized contrast agent. The resulting amphiphilic block copolymers assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) of spherical- or fibril-shape, each demonstrating enhanced relaxivity over Gd-DOTA. As an initial examination of their behavior in vivo, intraperitoneal (IP) injection of NPs into live mice was performed, showing long IP residence times, observed by MRI. Extended residence times for particles of well-defined morphology may represent a valuable design paradigm for treatment or diagnosis of peritoneal malignances

Perkembangan Teori Sewa Tanah dalam Perspektif Pemikiran Ekonomi

A history of Land Rent Theorities have several opinions, as mazhab of Physiocratic, classical tradition, and new. The different opponions can be understanding for knowing two factors that land value increasingly location to central bussines and fertile soil

Post-assembly modification of kinetically metastable Fe(II)2L3 triple helicates.

We report the covalent post-assembly modification of kinetically metastable amine-bearing Fe(II)2L3 triple helicates via acylation and azidation. Covalent modification of the metastable helicates prevented their reorganization to the thermodynamically favored Fe(II)4L4 tetrahedral cages, thus trapping the system at the non-equilibrium helicate structure. This functionalization strategy also conveniently provides access to a higher-order tris(porphyrinatoruthenium)-helicate complex that would be difficult to prepare by de novo ligand synthesis.This work was supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). D.A.R. acknowledges the Gates Cambridge Trust for Ph.D. (Gates Cambridge Scholarship) and conference funding.This is the final published version. It first appeared at http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja5042397

Reversing the Balance Wheel Principle

The paper discusses funding principles and policies of higher education during the recession period. The role of state appropriations for the viability of public higher education institutions is emphasized. State funding affecting institutional behaviour is another issue raised. The paper analyzes the possibility of expanding state funding for higher education institutions instead of cutting during economic recession. The examples of Midwestern states is discussed for this purpose. Funding higher education institutions is perceived as an important component of the process of investing in human capital. Referring to scholarly findings, Leader-Laggard Model and Event History Analysis are suggested as optimal methods for evaluating the implementation of new policies as they spread from one state to another

Optimization of Enzymatic Biochemical Logic for Noise Reduction and Scalability: How Many Biocomputing Gates Can Be Interconnected in a Circuit?

We report an experimental evaluation of the "input-output surface" for a biochemical AND gate. The obtained data are modeled within the rate-equation approach, with the aim to map out the gate function and cast it in the language of logic variables appropriate for analysis of Boolean logic for scalability. In order to minimize "analog" noise, we consider a theoretical approach for determining an optimal set for the process parameters to minimize "analog" noise amplification for gate concatenation. We establish that under optimized conditions, presently studied biochemical gates can be concatenated for up to order 10 processing steps. Beyond that, new paradigms for avoiding noise build-up will have to be developed. We offer a general discussion of the ideas and possible future challenges for both experimental and theoretical research for advancing scalable biochemical computing

Higher Education Funding Issues: U.S. / UK Comparison

The paper compares and contrasts higher education funding sources and systems in the U.S. and the UK. The issues raised in the paper pertain to the major challenge of academia: finding financial support in times of limited resources and enhanced competition. The issues discussed throughout the paper are: funding and quality assessment of universities; funding and equity of access to post-secondary education; marketization and privatization of universities; funding, autonomy and accountability of higher education institutions

Complex Nanoparticle Diffusional Motion in Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy

Liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (LCTEM) is a powerful in situ videography technique that has the potential to allow us to observe solution-phase dynamic processes at the nanoscale, including imaging the diffusion and interaction of nanoparticles. Artefactual effects imposed by the irradiated and confined liquid-cell vessel alter the system from normal "bulk-like" behavior in multiple ways. These artefactual LCTEM effects will leave their fingerprints in the motion behavior of the diffusing objects, which can be revealed through careful analysis of the object-motion trajectories. Improper treatment of the motion data can lead to erroneous descriptions of the LCTEM system's conditions. Here, we advance our anomalous diffusion object-motion analysis (ADOMA) method to extract a detailed description of the liquid-cell system conditions during any LCTEM experiment by applying a multistep analysis of the data and treating the x/y vectors of motion independently and in correlation with each other and with the object's orientation/angle