The influence of the trend of urban growth of city of Novi Sad on air quality in parks

Quality control of air in urban green areas - urban parks are rarely studied spaces, and this paper is based on research on the effects and impacts of microclimatic parameters on the detected suspended particles (PM 2.5 and PM10) with a multidisciplinary influence on public health and the quality of life of Novi Sad citizens. Excessive urbanization of urban environments and global migrations are among the most important causes of increased concentrations of air pollutants, even in urban green areas such as parks. This scientific research is part of a project focused on the effects and discrepancies of microclimatic parameters on detected concentrations of total suspended particles in the city's green parks in Novi Sad. Three urban parks of different sizes and locations with varying microclimatic influences were selected. Measurements of suspended particles (PM) were conducted at Futoški Park (FP), Dunavski Park (DP), and Limanski Park (LP) using a mobile device Aeroqual Series 500. At each location (FP, DP, LP), 10 measurements of suspended particle concentrations were conducted, with the device reporting changes in detected particle concentrations in real time. The results of the measured concentrations of suspended particles indicate variations in detected particle concentrations, with PM2.5 ranging from 4 to 36.1 μg/m3, while PM10 was detected in the range of 7 to 40.1 μg/m3. The measurement period for suspended particle pollution ranged from 12:00 to 17:30, with measured temperature fluctuations from 24.1 to 30.0°C and measured relative humidity oscillating between 39.1% and 54.4%

A preliminary investigation of phytoplankton of karstic pools (Dugi otok island, Croatia)

Phytoplankton in the karstic pools of Croatian islands has not been investigated in recent times. This paper describes phytoplankton and environmental conditions in three karstic pools on Dugi Otok island (Dalmatia). The pools are small (ca 20 m2) and shallow (max. depth 2 m), with Charophytes and vascular plants covering the bottoms. Eighty-five taxa of net phytoplankton were recorded. These included 22 Cyanobacteria, 14 Chlorophyceae, 17 Charophyceae (Zygnematales), 15 Euglenophyceae, and 17 Bacillariophyceae. Low species richness is owed to the predominance of Cyanobacteria. Despite their similar physicochemical regimes, the pools had different phytoplankton communities. The data presented here contribute baseline information concerning biological diversity, essential for evaluation of environmental changes in the future. Conservation of karstic pools is one way to preserve the overall biodiversity of karstic islands

Antioxidants, radical-scavenging and protein carbonylation inhibition capacity of six monocultivar virgin olive oils in Istria (Croatia)

Six monocultivar virgin olive oils (VOOs) produced from five autochthonous (Buža, Buža Puntoža, Istarska Bjelica, Porečka Rosulja, and Rosinjola) and one referent cultivar (Leccino), were investigated. The mass fractions of orthodiphenols (ORT) and tocopherols (TOC) were analysed by VIS spectroscopy and HPLC. The radical-scavenging capacity was evaluated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) using galvinoxyl free radical and the DPPH test. Results revealed a high level of total TOC in VOOs of Buža Puntoža (243 mg kg−1) and Porečka Rosulja (325 mg kg−1). VOOs contained in 100 g from 79% (Istarska Bjelica) to 261% (Porečka Rosulja) of recommended daily allowance of α-tocopherol. The mass fraction of ORT in Istarska Bjelica and Rosinjola was >250 mg kg−1 (on average 30–40% higher in comparison to other studied cultivars). Istarska Bjelica and Porečka Rosulja showed the highest antioxidant capacity in both methods of measurement. The highest capacity to inhibit protein carbonylation (PC) in response to oxidative stress (54–56%) was displayed by Buža Puntoža, Leccino, and Buža. High level of positive linear correlation between ORT mass fraction and radical-scavenging capacity measured by DPPH test (r=0.768), as well as strong negative correlation between PC inhibition and mass fraction of ORT (r= −0.697), were observed

A preliminary investigation of phytoplankton of karstic pools (Dugi otok island, Croatia)

Phytoplankton in the karstic pools of Croatian islands has not been investigated in recent times. This paper describes phytoplankton and environmental conditions in three karstic pools on Dugi Otok island (Dalmatia). The pools are small (ca 20 m2) and shallow (max. depth 2 m), with Charophytes and vascular plants covering the bottoms. Eighty-five taxa of net phytoplankton were recorded. These included 22 Cyanobacteria, 14 Chlorophyceae, 17 Charophyceae (Zygnematales), 15 Euglenophyceae, and 17 Bacillariophyceae. Low species richness is owed to the predominance of Cyanobacteria. Despite their similar physicochemical regimes, the pools had different phytoplankton communities. The data presented here contribute baseline information concerning biological diversity, essential for evaluation of environmental changes in the future. Conservation of karstic pools is one way to preserve the overall biodiversity of karstic islands

Determination of biological activity of protein component in milk, modified for infant feeding, by pepsin-pancreatin digest index

Kao alternativa humanom mlijeku, u slučajevima kada majka ne može da hrani dijete vlastitim mlijekom, danas se u svijetu koristi najčešće kravlje mlijeko čiji je sastav modificiran da bi se približio sastavu humanog mlijeka. Kravlje mlijeko ima 3,5 puta više proteina od humanog mlijeka; osim toga u sastavu proteina kravljeg mlijeka nalazi se 79% kazeina i 21% serum proteinu, a u proteinima humanog mlijeka 35% kazeina i 65% serum proteina. Sastav serum proteina također nije identičan. U skladu sa ovim razlikuje se i amino-kiselinski sastav navedenih proteina i njihova biološka vrijednost. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje biološke aktivnosti modificiranih proteina u smjeru kazein-serum protein u proizvodnji "infant formula" pepsin-pankreatin testom. Ustanovljeno je utoliko veće povećanje aktivnosti ukoliko je sustav bliži proteinu humanog mlijeka.This study was carried out with the aim to determine biological activity of milk proteins, modified to supstitute human milk proteins in infant formulae, by pepsin-pancreatin digest index. The better biological activity was obtained by samples with higher simmilarity of modified milk proteins to human milk proteins

Determination of biological activity of protein component in milk, modified for infant feeding, by pepsin-pancreatin digest index

Kao alternativa humanom mlijeku, u slučajevima kada majka ne može da hrani dijete vlastitim mlijekom, danas se u svijetu koristi najčešće kravlje mlijeko čiji je sastav modificiran da bi se približio sastavu humanog mlijeka. Kravlje mlijeko ima 3,5 puta više proteina od humanog mlijeka; osim toga u sastavu proteina kravljeg mlijeka nalazi se 79% kazeina i 21% serum proteinu, a u proteinima humanog mlijeka 35% kazeina i 65% serum proteina. Sastav serum proteina također nije identičan. U skladu sa ovim razlikuje se i amino-kiselinski sastav navedenih proteina i njihova biološka vrijednost. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje biološke aktivnosti modificiranih proteina u smjeru kazein-serum protein u proizvodnji "infant formula" pepsin-pankreatin testom. Ustanovljeno je utoliko veće povećanje aktivnosti ukoliko je sustav bliži proteinu humanog mlijeka.This study was carried out with the aim to determine biological activity of milk proteins, modified to supstitute human milk proteins in infant formulae, by pepsin-pancreatin digest index. The better biological activity was obtained by samples with higher simmilarity of modified milk proteins to human milk proteins

Enzymatic oligomerization and polymerization of arylamines: state of the art and perspectives

The literature concerning the oxidative oligomerization and polymerization of various arylamines, e.g., aniline, substituted anilines, aminonaphthalene and its derivatives, catalyzed by oxidoreductases, such as laccases and peroxidases, in aqueous, organic, and mixed aqueous organic monophasic or biphasic media, is reviewed. An overview of template-free as well as template-assisted enzymatic syntheses of oligomers and polymers of arylamines is given. Special attention is paid to mechanistic aspects of these biocatalytic processes. Because of the nontoxicity of oxidoreductases and their high catalytic efficiency, as well as high selectivity of enzymatic oligomerizations/polymerizations under mild conditions-using mainly water as a solvent and often resulting in minimal byproduct formation-enzymatic oligomerizations and polymerizations of arylamines are environmentally friendly and significantly contribute to a "green'' chemistry of conducting and redox-active oligomers and polymers. Current and potential future applications of enzymatic polymerization processes and enzymatically synthesized oligo/polyarylamines are discussed

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: a bridge between West Asia and Europe

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra–West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe