Электроснабжение установки перекачки нефти п. Пионерный ОАО «Томскнефть»

РЕФЕРАТ Выпускная квалификационная работа 149 с., 23 рис., 32 табл., 29 источников, 6 прил. Ключевые слова: нефтепровод, насос, электрооборудование, схема электроснабжения, линия, сеть, электроприемник, нагрузка, оборудование, защита, ток, напряжение, мощность. Объектом исследования является электрическая часть УПН п. Пионерный ОАО «Томскенефть». Цель работы – проектирование схемы электроснабжения предприятия, выбор оборудования. В процессе исследования проводился сбор исходных данных в ходе производственной практики на объекте исследования. В результате была спроектирована схема электроснабжения от подстанции энергосистемы, до конечного электроприемника. Были выбраны кабели и провода, коммутационное оборудование, были сделаны необходимые проверки. Также результатом работы сталESSAY Final qualifying work 149 p., 23 fig., 32 tab., 29 sources, 6 adj. Keywords: oil, pump, electrical equipment, power supply circuit, line, network, power-consuming equipment, load equipment, protection, current, voltage, power. The object of research is the electrical part of UPN claim. Pionerny of "Tomskeneft". The purpose of work - designing enterprise power scheme, the choice of equipment. The study was conducted to collect baseline data in the course of practical training on the subject of the study. As a result, power supply circuit has been designed from the substation grid, appliance, to the end. Were selected cables and wires, switching equipment, the necessary checks have been made. It is also the result of the work became an economic calculation of capital costs for the con

N-Acetylglucosamine Induces White to Opaque Switching, a Mating Prerequisite in Candida albicans

To mate, the fungal pathogen Candida albicans must undergo homozygosis at the mating-type locus and then switch from the white to opaque phenotype. Paradoxically, opaque cells were found to be unstable at physiological temperature, suggesting that mating had little chance of occurring in the host, the main niche of C. albicans. Recently, however, it was demonstrated that high levels of CO2, equivalent to those found in the host gastrointestinal tract and select tissues, induced the white to opaque switch at physiological temperature, providing a possible resolution to the paradox. Here, we demonstrate that a second signal, N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), a monosaccharide produced primarily by gastrointestinal tract bacteria, also serves as a potent inducer of white to opaque switching and functions primarily through the Ras1/cAMP pathway and phosphorylated Wor1, the gene product of the master switch locus. Our results therefore suggest that signals produced by bacterial co-members of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota regulate switching and therefore mating of C. albicans

Current potential and limitations of molecular diagnostic methods in head and neck cancer

Item does not contain fulltextTraditional diagnostic methods such as clinical assessment, histopathological examination and imaging techniques are limited in their capacity to provide information on prognosis and treatment choice of head and neck cancer. In recent years, molecular techniques have been developed that enabled us to get more insight into the molecular biological cellular pathways underlying tumor progression and metastasis. Correlation of these molecular changes with clinical events has been explored. However, consistently useful markers have not been identified yet, although many promising developments are in progress. It may be expected that in the near future, molecular markers will be useful for clinical purposes. In this paper, an overview will be given of the several molecular techniques that may have potential to be introduced in clinical practice in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.1 juni 201

International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

Brauchen wir eine spezielle postoperative Schmerztherapie in der HNO-Heilkunde?

Zielsetzung: Mit der vorlegenden Observations- Studie sollte die Qualität der postoperativen Schmerztherapie vor und nach Implementierung eines Algorithmus in der Hals-Nasen-Ohrenchirurgie überprüft werden.Methode: Nach Genehmigung durch die Ethik-Kommission, Aufklärung und schriftlicher Einwilligung wurden 258 erwachsene HNO-Patienten in die Studie eingeschlossen. Die Observation fand in Phase1 (= herkömmliche Schmerztherapie) und Phase2 (= nach Einführung eines neuen Algorithmus) statt. Die Qualität der postoperativen Schmerztherapie wurde mit der Hilfe einer numerischen Analogskala (NRS) stündlich dokumentiert. Eine zufriedenstellende Analgesie wurde bei einem Durchschnittswert <3 auf der NRS angenommen. Die Häufigkeit von potenziellen Nebenwirkungen der Behandlung mit Analgetika, wurde in einem standardisierten Protokoll am zweiten Tag nach OP dokumentiert. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt konnte 168 Patienten ausgewertet werden. 90 Patienten wurden nicht eingeschlossen. In der Phase 1 wurde eine zufrieden stellende postoperative Analgesie bei folgenden OP- Gruppen dokumentiert: NNH- Operationen (n=35), Mittelgesichtsfrakturen (n=11), Ohr-Operationen (n=15), Septumplastik / Nasenmuschelplastik (n=42), Parotis- Chirurgie (n=20). Nach Tonsillektomie (n= 45) lag die durchschnittliche postoperative Schmerzintensität zwischen 2,8 + 2,2 und 5,1 + 2,8. Schlussfolgerung: In der Phase 1 unserer Observationsstudie zeigte sich, dass ein Handlungsbedarf zur Verbesserung der postoperativen Schmerztherapie nach HNO-Operationen nur für Tonsillektomien besteht. Von 113 Messzeitpunkten lag die durchschnittliche Schmerzintensität in dieser Gruppe nur zu 13 Zeitpunkten im Zielbereich von NRS<3.Der Erstautor gibt keinen Interessenkonflikt an

Strong correlation of total phenotypic resistance of samples from household environments and the prevalence of class 1 integrons suggests for the use of the relative prevalence of intI1 as a screening tool for multi-resistance.

One of the biggest challenges of health care systems worldwide is the increasing number of pathogenic bacteria resistant to a growing number of antibiotics. In this respect, class 1 integrons which are part of mobile genetic elements can confer several phenotypes including resistance to a broad range of antibiotic classes, heavy metals and biocides. They are linked to common resistance genes and have penetrated pathogenic and commensal bacteria likewise. Therefore its relative prevalence can be a proxy for antimicrobial resistance and anthropogenic pollution. Household environments are areas with a high influx of bacteria from humans, animals and foods, and biocides and detergents are frequently used. In this study we aimed to investigate the relative prevalence of class 1 integrons in household environments, in relation to the number of antibiotic and benzalkonium chloride resistant phenotypes of a sample point, for the validation of the relative prevalence of class 1 integrons as a screening tool for multi-resistance. Kitchen sink and bathroom sink U-bends, dishwasher, washing machines and toothbrushes of 28 households were probed. Copies /mL of class 1 integron integrase gene and 16SrDNA gene were determined by qPCR and bacteria of the respective sample were isolated on ampicillin selective agar plates, followed by the determination of the species and phenotypic resistance profiles. The relative prevalence of class 1 integrons in relation to 16SrDNA was calculated and correlated to phenotypic resistance. Our findings show a high relative prevalence of class 1 integrons in water reticulation systems of household environments and in particular shower U-bends. Furthermore, prevalence of class 1 integrons correlates strongly (rs = 0.95) with total phenotypic resistance at a sample point and suggest that a standardized assay determining the relative prevalence of class 1 integrons could be used as a useful screening tool in the assessment of multi-resistance in environmental samples